Transfer and mapping of the shoot-differentiation locus Shd1 in barley chromosome 2

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1009-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Komatsuda ◽  
F. Taguchi-Shiobara ◽  
S. Oka ◽  
F. Takaiwa ◽  
T. Annaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Immature Embryo ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Shoot Differentiation ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Positive Effect

The locus Shd1, which we previously mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2 of Hordeum vulgare L., controls the differentiation of shoots from immature barley embryo callus. The locus has major effects and its action explains more than 65% of the total genetic variance in the shoot-differentiation rate. The allele of cultivar Kanto Nakate Gold designated Shd1K has a significant positive effect on the shoot-differentiation rate, whereas Shd1A of cultivar Azumamugi does not promote shoot differentiation. To identify gene products and characterize the function of Shd1, a set of near-isogenic lines is essential. In this study we produced BC5F1 plants by repeated backcrossing of 'Azumamugi' to F1 plants ('Azumamugi' × 'Kanto Nakate Gold'). The BC5F1 plants were examined for their RFLP genotype and for the shoot-differentiation ability of immature embryo-derived callus. The results indicated that the Shd1 locus was located in a chromosomal region between MWG2081 and MWG503 that flanks the MWG801, cMWG699, v (ear type), and MWG865 loci. Shd1K from 'Kanto Nakate Gold' functions effectively in the genetic background of 'Azumamugi', an indication that backcross breeding is possible for production of near-isogenic lines that would be very suitable for tissue culture.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., shoot-differentiation ability, immature embryo callus, backcross breeding, RFLPs.

AFLP targeting of the 1-cM region conferring the vrs1 gene for six-rowed spike in barley, Hordeum vulgare L.

Genome ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1122-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congfen He ◽  
Badraldin Ebrahim Sayed-Tabatabaei ◽  
Takao Komatsuda
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Positional Cloning ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Multiple Alleles ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Sequence Tagged Sites

Spike morphology is a key characteristic in the study of barley domestication, yield, and use. Multiple alleles at the vrs1 locus control the development and fertility of the lateral spikelets of barley. We developed five amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers tightly linked to the vrs1 locus using well-characterized near-isogenic lines as plant materials. The AFLP markers were integrated into three different maps, in which 'Azumamugi' was used as the maternal parent. Of the three maps, Hordeum vulgare L. 'Azumamugi' × H. vulgare 'Golden Promise' showed recombination of the AFLP markers and the vrs1 locus (closest, 0.05 cM), providing the best mapping population for positional cloning of alleles at the vrs1 locus. Conversion of AFLP bands into polymorphic sequence-tagged sites (STSs) is necessary for further high-throughput genotype scoring and for bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library screening. We cloned and sequenced the five AFLP bands and synthesized primer pairs. PCR amplification generated DNAs of the same size from all four parental lines for each marker. Restriction endonuclease treatment of e40m36-1110/AccIII, e34m13-260/Psp1406I, e52m32-270/FokI, and e31m26-520/MnlI revealed fragment length polymorphisms between 'Azumamugi' and all the two-rowed parents. Allelism between the AFLPs and corresponding STS markers was confirmed genetically, indicating the usefulness of the STSs as genetic markers.Key words: positional cloning, codominance, near-isogenic lines, high-resolution maps, STSs.

INHERITANCE AND LINKAGE STUDIES WITH THE GRANDPA GENE IN BARLEY, HORDEUM VULGARE L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-498
Author(s):  
R. W. Matchett ◽  
H. G. Nass ◽  
D. W. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Chromosomal Location ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Linkage Studies ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Genome ◽  
Chlorophyll Mutants ◽  
Mutant Genes ◽  
Linkage Association

This study was initiated to determine the chromosomal location of the grandpa (gp) gene within the barley genome. The gp gene was placed on the long arm of chromosome 2 as indicated by linkage association with liguleless (li).Tests of allelism showed the gp gene to the allelic with the gp-2 gene. Seven sources of "yellow" chlorophyll mutants when crossed to grandpa plants gave albino double recessive seedlings. Three other sources of "yellow" chlorophyll mutants in the double recessive combination with grandpa exhibited yellow and white bands on the leaves. Double recessive individuals carrying the mottled (mt2) and grandpa genes were also albino. This is evidence of gene interactions between chlorophyll mutant genes.

scholarly journals Understanding Mechanisms of Salinity Tolerance in Barley by Proteomic and Biochemical Analysis of Near-Isogenic Lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Zhu ◽  
Yun Fan ◽  
Sergey Shabala ◽  
Chengdao Li ◽  
Chao Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Isogenic Lines

Salt stress is one of the major environmental factors impairing crop production. In our previous study, we identified a major QTL for salinity tolerance on chromosome 2H on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). For further investigation of the mechanisms responsible for this QTL, two pairs of near-isogenic lines (NILs) differing in this QTL were developed. Sensitive NILs (N33 and N53) showed more severe damage after exposure to 300 mM NaCl than tolerant ones (T46 and T66). Both tolerant NILs maintained significantly lower Na+ content in leaves and much higher K+ content in the roots than sensitive lines under salt conditions, thus indicating the presence of a more optimal Na+/K+ ratio in plant tissues. Salinity stress caused significant accumulation of H2O2, MDA, and proline in salinity-sensitive NILs, and a greater enhancement in antioxidant enzymatic activities at one specific time or tissues in tolerant lines. One pair of NILs (N33 and T46) were used for proteomic studies using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 53 and 51 differentially expressed proteins were identified through tandem mass spectrometry analysis in the leaves and roots, respectively. Proteins which are associated with photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, and ATP synthase were found to be specifically upregulated in the tolerant NIL. Proteins identified in this study can serve as a useful resource with which to explore novel candidate genes for salinity tolerance in barley.

Genetic studies on net blotch resistance in a barley cross

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Ho ◽  
T.M. Choo ◽  
A. Tekauz ◽  
R.A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Pyrenophora Teres ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Net Blotch ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Recessive Genes ◽  
Selection For

An investigation was initiated to study the genetics of resistance to three isolates of Pyrenophora teres (WRS102, WRS858, and WRS857), which have been routinely used for screening for net blotch resistance in Canada. The F1, F2, and doubled-haploid lines were derived from a Leger/CI9831 cross of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). These materials, along with their parents, were inoculated with each of the three isolates at the three-leaf stage in growth chambers. Results showed that resistance to WRS102 was controlled by three recessive genes, resistance to WRS858 by one recessive gene, and resistance to WRS857 by either one dominant gene or two complementary genes. One of the WRS102-resistance genes appeared to be on chromosome 2 and another linked to the WRS858-resistance gene. Resistance to these three isolates was not associated with awn type, esterase 1, and esterase 5. Selection for resistance to WRS102 and WRS858 would be more effective than selection for resistance to WRS857 in a conventional breeding program. Key words: Barley, Hordeum vulgare, net blotch, Pyrenophora teres, haploids

Physical mapping of four sites of 5S rDNA sequences and one site of the α-amylase-2 gene in barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Genome ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. Leitch ◽  
J. S. Heslop-Harrison
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Physical Mapping ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
5S Rdna Sequence

The 5S rDNA sequences have been mapped on four pairs of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) chromosomes using in situ hybridization and barley monotelotrisomic lines. The 5S rDNA sequences are located, genetically and physically, on the short arm of chromosome 1 (7I) and the long arms of chromosomes 2 (2I) and 3 (3I). The 5S rDNA sequence is also located on the physically long arm of chromosome 4 (4I). Only one site on chromosome 2(2I) has previously been reported. The characteristic locations of the 5S rDNA sequences make them useful as molecular markers to identify each barley chromosome. The physical position of the low-copy α-amylase-2 gene was determined using in situ hybridization; the location of this gene on the long arm of chromosome 1 (7I) was confirmed by reprobing the same preparation with the 5S rDNA probe. The results show that there is a discrepancy between the physical and genetic position of the α-amylase-2 gene.Key words: genetic mapping, physical mapping, barley, mapping, 5S DNA, α-amylase, in situ hybridization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document