Dosage effects on morphological and quantitative traits in maize aneuploids

Dosage effects generated by either loss or gain of a chromosome segment were used to identify chromosome regions associated with morphological and quantitative characters in maize (Zea mays L.). Using B–A translocation stocks introgressed into a B73Ht background, a chromosome arm dosage series in a Mo17Ht × B73Ht F1 hybrid background was created for 18 of the 20 chromosome arms. The dosage series was then evaluated for 12 quantitatively inherited characters to associate specific phenotypic changes in a trait with a specific chromosome arm. Not only did our results show the familiar aneuploid syndrome phenomenon, but differential dosage effects among particular chromosome arms were demonstrated. All the quantitative traits measured and all the chromosome arms examined in this study were responsive to changes in chromosome arm dosage. The possible bases behind those differences and their utility in identifying quantitative trait loci, as well as the genetic relationships among the group of quantitatively inherited characters studied, are considered. Key words : corn, chromosome arm, B–A translocations, dosage analysis.

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Excision Patterns of Activator (Ac) and Dissociation (Ds) Elements in Zea mays L.: Implications for the Regulation of Transposition

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/144.4.1851 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 144 (4) ◽

pp. 1851-1869 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manfred Heinlein

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Waxy Gene ◽

Transposition Frequency ◽

Cis Acting ◽

Dosage Effects ◽

In Trans ◽

Ds Excision ◽

Maize Kernels ◽

Strong Contrast

The pattern of aleurone variegation of maize kernels carrying Ac and bz-m2(DI) as reporter allele for Ac activity depends on the dosage of both Ac and Ds. Alterations of Ac dosage can abolish Ds excision at certain times and allow it to occur at other times. wx-m7 and wx-m9 are different Ac insertions in the Waxy gene which have different dosage effects on Ds excision. Kernels, heterozygous for the two Ac alleles and being either wx-m7/wx-m7/wx-m9 or wx-m9/wx-m9/wx-m7 exhibit characteristic patterns of predominantly late excisions; this is in strong contrast to the pattern of early excisions present on wx-m7/wx-m7/wx-m7 homozygotes. This observation supports the hypothesis that the Ac alleles express different amounts of transposase (TPase) during development and that above a certain level of TPase transposition is inhibited. Furthermore, experimental results suggest that the frequency of Ac-induced events is influenced by the dosage and composition of the transactivated Ds or Ac allele. Thus, transposition frequency seems not to be exclusively determined in trans by the amount of active TPase, but also by specific cis-acting properties of the TPase substrate.

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Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits in Synthetic Population 316P02 of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1007/bf03543645 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 29 (1-2) ◽

pp. 77-84

Author(s):

Nenad Vasić ◽

Djordje Jocković ◽

Mile Ivanović ◽

Luiz Peternelli ◽

Milisav Stojaković ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Genetic Analysis ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Synthetic Population

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Identification of Associations between SSR Markers and Quantitative Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11010182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Jan Bocianowski ◽

Kamila Nowosad ◽

Barbara Wróbel ◽

Piotr Szulc

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Multiple Traits ◽

Good Tool ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Hybrid Maize

Microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have wide applicability for genetic analysis in crop plant improvement strategies. Marker-assisted selection is an important tool for plant breeders to increase the efficiency of a breeding process, especially for multigenic traits, highly influenced by the environment. In this paper, the relationships between SSR markers and 26 quantitative traits of hybrid maize varieties (Zea mays L.) were analyzed. Association analyses were performed based on 30 SSR primers in a set of thirteen hybrid maize varieties. A total of 112 SSR markers were detected in these genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 17, with the average number of alleles per locus equal to 3.7. The number of molecular markers associated with observed traits ranged from 1 (for the number of kernels in row, ears weight and fresh weight of one plant) to 14 (for damage of maize caused by P. nubilalis) in 2016 as well as from 1 (for soil plant analysis development—SPAD, the number of grains in ear and fresh weight of one plant) to 12 (for carotenoids content) in 2017. The sum of statistically significant associations between SSR markers and at least one trait was equal to one hundred sixty in 2016 as well as one hundred twenty-five in 2017. Marker trait associations (MTAs) were found on the basis of regression analysis. The proportion of the total phenotypic variances of individual traits explained by the marker ranged from 24.4% to 77.7% in the first year of study and from 24.3% to 77.9% in 2017. Twenty-two SSR markers performed a significant effect on at least one tested trait in both years of experiment. The three markers (phi021/4, phi036/3, and phi061/2) can be a good tool in marker-assisted selection because they allow simultaneous selection for multiple traits in both years of study, such as the number of kernels in row and the number of grains in ear (phi021/4), the number of plant after germination, the number of plants before harvest, and the number of ears (phi036/3), as well as moisture of grain and length of ears (phi061/2).

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GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG COLLECTIONS REPRESENTING THREE MEXICAN RACE COMPOSITES OF ZEA MAYS L

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/59.2.299 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 299-310

Author(s):

Eduardo Casas ◽

W D Hanson ◽

E J Wellhausen

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Genetic Relationships

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Hybrid Vigour of Some Quantitative Characters in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3923/pjbs.2003.139.141 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 139-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Muhammad Bashir Alvi ◽

Muhammad Rafique ◽

Muhammad Shafiq Tari . ◽

Amer Hussain . ◽

Tariq Mahmood . ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Hybrid Vigour ◽

Quantitative Characters

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Genetic relationships and heterotic structure of quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines adapted to eastern and southern Africa

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/s10681-018-2255-7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 214 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Dagne Wegary ◽

Bindiganavile S. Vivek ◽

Maryke T. Labuschagne

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Southern Africa ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

Quality Protein Maize ◽

Eastern And Southern Africa

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Mapping the anther culture response genes in maize (Zea mays L.)

Genome ◽

10.1139/g95-127 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 968-975 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

V. H. Beaumont ◽

T. R. Rocheford ◽

J. M. Widholm

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Anther Culture ◽

Plant Hormone ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Rflp Analysis ◽

Culture Process ◽

Anther Culture Response ◽

Chromosome Regions ◽

Restriction Fragment Length

In order to map the genes conditioning the induction of embryos during our anther culture process, we evaluated F2 plants from three different crosses for their anther culture ability and also performed RFLP analysis on these plants. The results showed that six chromosomal regions appear to be associated with the ability to induce embryo-like structures from maize microspores. These regions are located on chromosomes 1 (two regions), 3, 5, 7, and 8. Some of these chromosomes are identical to those found in previous studies and we have localized the regions more precisely. Notably, all chromosome regions identified, except one, are near viviparous mutant loci. Since the viviparous mutations are known to involve the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA), these results suggest that ABA or its antagonist, gibberellic acid (GA3), might somehow be related to anther culture ability. We also propose some combinations of probes to screen for anther culture ability in the three genotypes studied.Key words: restriction fragment length polymorphism, anther culture, gene mapping, Zea mays L.

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