Effect of forest stand and edge characteristics on the vulnerability of jack pine stands to jack pine budworm (Choristoneura pinus pinus) damage

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1765-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari Kouki ◽  
Deborah G McCullough ◽  
Larry D Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Jack Pine ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus

Association of within-tree jack pine budworm feeding patterns with canopy level and within-needle variation of water, nutrient, and monoterpene concentrations

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly F Wallin ◽  
Kenneth F Raffa
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
Relative Differences

The possibility that uneven within-tree feeding patterns by jack pine budworm (Choristoneura pinus pinus Freeman) larvae could be related to underlying variation in host jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) foliar water, nutrient, and monoterpene contents was considered. Choristoneura pinus pinus feeds disproportionately in the upper portion of the canopy and almost exclusively on the basal portions of needles. Within needles, the distribution of water, several nutrients, and monoterpenes varied significantly between the distal and basal sections. Water, nitrogen, sulfur, manganese, and zinc levels occurred in higher concentrations in the distal section of the needle, which would not be predicted based on C. pinus pinus feeding patterns. Phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, and copper were significantly higher in the basal section. Although the latter differences might be predicted based on C. pinus pinus feeding patterns, they were not strong (ranging from 7.8% to 36.4% relative differences, as compared with 10.7%-50.0% relative differences in the former group). By contrast, concentrations of foliar monoterpenes were more strongly associated with known feeding patterns of C. pinus pinus. These relative differences ranged from myrcene (26.8%) to limonene (44.79%). Thus, foliar differences affecting within-needle feeding selection appear more associated with allelochemicals than nutrients or water. In contrast with the within-needle associations between larval feeding and foliar chemistry, no associations between upper and lower canopy foliage were observed. Water, nutrients, and monoterpenes were evenly distributed across the upper and lower canopy locations. Thus, differential feeding between canopy locations cannot be explained by foliar constituents. Rather, it is more likely explained by other environmental factors, such as proximity to and density of reproductive and vegetative shoots.

scholarly journals The ecological interaction of the mountain pine beetle and jack pine budworm in the boreal forest

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay J. Colgan ◽  
Nadir Erbilgin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Dendroctonus Ponderosae ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus

As climate change facilitates the range and host expansion of insect species into new ecosystems, the development of newstrategies for managing and preventing biological invasion is receiving considerable interest. In recent years, the range ofthe mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) has expanded from lodgepole pine-dominated forests eastof the Rocky Mountains into lodgepole x jack pine hybrid forest of western Alberta, and may soon invade jack pine forestsof the boreal. Our understanding of factors contributing colonization of jack pine by mountain pine beetle is far fromcomplete and several factors may limit its spread in these forests, including tree resistance and competitors. Among these,the jack pine budworm (Choristoneura pinus pinus Freeman) is one of the most important insect enemies of jack pine andan outbreak defoliator that potentially weakens jack pine trees, which may make them more susceptible to MPB attacks.To develop effective management strategies in the face of the short-run impacts of climate change, we need an in-depthunderstanding of factors influencing establishment and survival of the beetle in jack pine forests.Key words: Choristoneura pinus pinus, Dendroctonus ponderosae, jack pine, range expansion, invasion biology, climatechange in the boreal forest, conifer-mediated interactions, tree induced defences, tripartite interactions

PARASITISM IN SUSTAINED AND COLLAPSING POPULATIONS OF THE JACK PINE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA PINUS PINUS FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN ONTARIO, 1985–1987

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 1065-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Nealis
Keyword(s):  
Population Studies ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus

AbstractSixteen species of parasitoids were found attacking outbreak and collapsing populations of the jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in several plots in northeastern and northwestern Ontario. The patterns of parasitism were similar among widely separated plots with only a few species consistently dominating the parasitoid fauna. The greatest difference in the pattern of parasitism was between sustained and collapsing infestations. Collapsing populations of jack pine bud-worm were associated with relatively high levels of parasitism by Meteorus trachynotus Vier. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Lypha setifacies (West.) (Diptera: Tachinidae) which attacked the late larval stages of the budworm. The results are discussed in comparison with other jack pine budworm studies and with spruce budworm population studies.

Identification of sex pheromone components of jack pine budworm,Choristoneura pinus pinus freeman

1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Silk ◽  
L. P. S. Kuenen ◽  
S. H. Tan ◽  
W. L. Roelofs ◽  
C. J. Sanders ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Sex Pheromone Components ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus

THE NUMBER OF INSTARS IN JACK PINE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA PINUS PINUS FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), AND THE EFFECT OF PARASITISM ON HEAD CAPSULE WIDTH AND DEVELOPMENT TIME

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. 773-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Nealis
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Laboratory Observation ◽  
Larval Parasitoid ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
The Common ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus ◽  
Capsule Size

AbstractThe larvae of jack pine budworm, Choristoneura pinus pinus Free., were reared individually on diet in the laboratory. Observation of ecdysis and measurement of the corresponding head capsules identified seven distinct instars. Parasitism by the common larval parasitoid Apanteles fumiferanae Vier. resulted in smaller head capsule size and retarded development during the fourth, fifth, and sixth instars of the jack pine bud worm.

SAMPLING OVERWINTERING JACK PINE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA PINUS PINUS FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), AND TWO OF ITS PARASITOIDS (HYMENOPTERA)

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (12) ◽  
pp. 1101-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.G. Nealis ◽  
T.J. Lysyk
Keyword(s):  
Instar Larva ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Percentage Parasitism ◽  
Total Percentage ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Choristoneura Pinus Pinus

AbstractData on the distribution of overwintering jack pine budworm (Choristoneura pinus pinus Free.) collected between 1985 and 1987 in northern Ontario are used to develop guidelines for sampling this stage of the budworm. Two alternative methods of expressing budworm density are considered: counting the number of budworms per metre of branch and counting the number per square metre of branch bark surface area. Estimates of budworm density for three levels in the tree’s crown are given for 4 site-years.Entire branches are recommended as the sample units as the use of 60-cm branch-tip sections resulted in consistent underestimation of actual density per branch. Jack pine budworm density did not vary among cardinal compass directions and was generally highest at mid-crown levels.The distributions of two parasitoids, Apanteles fumiferanae Vier. and Glypta fumiferanae (Vier.), which overwinter as an egg or first-instar larva within the jack pine budworm, also were considered. Apanteles was the most abundant parasitoid at all crown levels at all sites examined. Percentage parasitism by Apanteles was highest and that by Glypta was lowest on the branch-tip sections in relation to the branch-basal section, but total percentage parasitism was relatively constant over the entire branch, throughout the tree crown, and from tree to tree. Consequently, the sampling method for jack pine budworm is easily extended for estimating the rate of parasitism and therefore for providing a prediction of mortality that results from these two common parasitoids.

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