An introduction to fluid mechanics in relation to shock waves

2002 ◽  
pp. 165-183 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Fluid Mechanics

Constitutive surfaces in fluid mechanics

1980 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Sewell ◽  
D. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Gas Dynamics ◽  
Inviscid Fluid ◽  
Hydraulic Jumps ◽  
Shallow Water Theory

AbstractThe new concept of a constitutive surface is introduced into inviscid fluid mechanics, with special reference to compressible gas dynamics and to shallow water theory. The detailed shape of such surfaces is calculated, including the manner of their transition across singularities where the Mach or Froude number passes through unity. The calculation draws upon recent work describing the transition of a Legendre transformation through its singularity. For example, mass flow Q, total energy h and flow stress P are always related by part of a ‘swallowtail’ surface, regardless of the particular motion.The addition of dynamical conditions defines particle history tracks which always lie on constitutive surfaces even for unsteady flow, except that they may jump from one part to another of such a surface when shock waves or hydraulic jumps are passed through.Illustrations given include the steady flow of a general gas through a standing normal shock, general shallow water theory, and flow along a sloping-sided channel. Connections with existing literature are described.

The Fluid Mechanics of Detonation Waves

1953 ◽  
Vol 57 (514) ◽  
pp. 618-626
Author(s):  
L. G. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Supersonic Flow ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
Subsonic Flow ◽  
General Treatment ◽  
Detonation Waves ◽  
General Method

In a previous paper it has been shown that a general method may be developed for calculating the various changes which take place in a flowing gas. The changes considered were the addition and extraction of heat in a subsonic flow, the addition and extraction of heat in a supersonic flow and sudden changes, such as shock waves. The changes were considered to be stationary and to take place in a parallel pipe. It was of interest to see if a similar approach would produce a general treatment for moving waves. The investigation was limited to moving shock waves and detonation waves.

Investigation of shock-wave deformation history from recovered structure

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
M.A. Mogilevsky ◽  
L.S. Bushnev
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Shock Front ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Deformation Structure ◽  
Deformation History ◽  
Deformation Velocity

Single crystals of Al were loaded by 15 to 40 GPa shock waves at 77 K with a pulse duration of 1.0 to 0.5 μs and a residual deformation of ∼1%. The analysis of deformation structure peculiarities allows the deformation history to be re-established.After a 20 to 40 GPa loading the dislocation density in the recovered samples was about 1010 cm-2. By measuring the thickness of the 40 GPa shock front in Al, a plastic deformation velocity of 1.07 x 108 s-1 is obtained, from where the moving dislocation density at the front is 7 x 1010 cm-2. A very small part of dislocations moves during the whole time of compression, i.e. a total dislocation density at the front must be in excess of this value by one or two orders. Consequently, due to extremely high stresses, at the front there exists a very unstable structure which is rearranged later with a noticeable decrease in dislocation density.

Fluid Mechanics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Falkovich
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics
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