Large-Scale Solar Thermal Plants (CSP)

2016 ◽  
pp. 69-123
Author(s):  
Manfred Becker ◽  
Robert Pitz-Paal ◽  
Wes Stein
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Thermal

Real Time Experimental Performance Assessment of a Photovoltaic Thermal System Cascaded with Flat Plate and Heat Pipe Evacuated Tube Collector

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Laveet Kumar ◽  
Md Hasanuzzaman ◽  
Nasrudin Abd Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Evacuated Tube Collector ◽  
Flat Plate Collector ◽  
Evacuated Tube

Abstract In response to the global quest for a sustainable and environmentally friendly source of energy most scientists' discretion is solar energy, especially solar thermal. However, successful deployment of solar thermal technologies such as solar assisted process heating (SAPH) systems in medium- to large-scale industries is still in quandary due to their inefficacy in raising ample temperatures. Cascaded SAPH system, which is essentially a series combination of two same or different types of thermal collectors, may provide a worthwhile solution to this problem. In this article, performance assessment and comparison of two cascaded SAPH systems have been presented: photovoltaic thermal (PVT) cascaded with flat-plate collector (PVT-FPC) and PVT coupled with heat-pipe evacuated tube collector (PVT-HPETC). Simulation models have been presented for individual FPC, HPETC and PVT as well as PVT cascaded with FPC and HPETC systems in TRNSYS and validated through outdoor experimentation. Both the first and the second laws of thermodynamics have been employed to reveal veritable performance of the systems. Results show that PVT-HPETC delivers better performance with 1625 W thermal energy, 81% energy efficiency and 13.22% exergy efficiency. It cuts 1.37 kg of CO2 on an hourly basis. Cascaded systems can be effective in sustaining industrial process heat requirements.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Environmental Performance of Solar Energy Systems Through a Combined Life Cycle Assessment and Cost Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Milousi ◽  
Manolis Souliotis ◽  
George Arampatzis ◽  
Spiros Papaefthimiou
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Environmental Implications

The paper presents a holistic evaluation of the energy and environmental profile of two renewable energy technologies: Photovoltaics (thin-film and crystalline) and solar thermal collectors (flat plate and vacuum tube). The selected renewable systems exhibit size scalability (i.e., photovoltaics can vary from small to large scale applications) and can easily fit to residential applications (i.e., solar thermal systems). Various technical variations were considered for each of the studied technologies. The environmental implications were assessed through detailed life cycle assessment (LCA), implemented from raw material extraction through manufacture, use, and end of life of the selected energy systems. The methodological order followed comprises two steps: i. LCA and uncertainty analysis (conducted via SimaPro), and ii. techno-economic assessment (conducted via RETScreen). All studied technologies exhibit environmental impacts during their production phase and through their operation they manage to mitigate significant amounts of emitted greenhouse gases due to the avoided use of fossil fuels. The life cycle carbon footprint was calculated for the studied solar systems and was compared to other energy production technologies (either renewables or fossil-fuel based) and the results fall within the range defined by the global literature. The study showed that the implementation of photovoltaics and solar thermal projects in areas with high average insolation (i.e., Crete, Southern Greece) can be financially viable even in the case of low feed-in-tariffs. The results of the combined evaluation provide insight on choosing the most appropriate technologies from multiple perspectives, including financial and environmental.

From Megawatt to Gigawatt: New Developments in Concentrating Solar Thermal Power

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Mu¨ller-Steinhagen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Solar Thermal Power

On October 30th 2009, a major industrial consortium initiated the so-called DESERTEC project which aims at providing by 2050 15% of the European electricity from renewable energy sources in North Africa, while at the same time securing energy, water, income and employment for this region. In the heart of this concept are solar thermal power plants which can provide affordable, reliable and dispatchable electricity. While this technology has been known for about 100 years, new developments and market introduction programs have recently triggered world-wide activities leading to the present project pipeline of 8.5 GW and 42 billion Euro. To become competitive with mid-load electricity from conventional power plants within the next 10–15 years, mass production of components, increased plant size and planning/operating experience will be accompanied by technological innovations which are presently in the development or even demonstration stage. The scale of construction, the high temperatures and the naturally transient operation provide formidable challenges for academic and industrial R&D. Experimental and theoretical research involving all mechanisms of heat transfer and fluid flow is required together with large-scale demonstration to resolve the combined challenges of performance and cost.

Large-Scale Solar Thermal Desalination Plants: A Review

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 924-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gur Mittelman ◽  
Ornit Mouchtar ◽  
Abraham Dayan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Thermal Desalination ◽  
Desalination Plants

CFD Analysis of a Solar Parabolic Dish

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 280-284
Author(s):  
C. Uma Maheswari ◽  
R. Meenakshi Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Aluminium Copper ◽  
Parabolic Dish ◽  
Wind Velocities ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

Concentrated solar thermal (CST) power has been used for years to help supply power to certain energy markets and has proven to be fairly successful. Unfortunately the high prices of these solar technologies have prohibited them from really making a large impact on the world's energy scene. This study analyses the structural, thermal, and CFD performance of a parabolic dish concept which could be the basis for large scale commercial concentrated solar thermal electricity. Simulation of the structural, thermal and CFDanalysis of the dish with varying metallic properties (Aluminium, Copper and StainlessSteel) under different windconditionswas compared. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was done to simulate the thermal performance of the dish at two different wind velocities.

Examples of Solar Thermal Fuel Production

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Sattler ◽  
Hans Mu¨ller-Steinhagen ◽  
Martin Roeb ◽  
Dennis Thomey ◽  
Martina Neises
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Free Hydrogen ◽  
Energy Economy

The conversion of renewable energy especially solar energy into versatile fuels is a key technology for an innovative and sustainable energy economy. To finally benefit from solar fuels they have to be produced with high efficiencies and low to no greenhouse gas emissions in large quantities. The final goal will most probably be the carbon free fuel hydrogen. But the main challenge is its market introduction. Therefore a strategy incorporating transition steps has to be developed. Solar thermal processes have the potential to be amongst the most efficient alternatives for large scale solar fuel production in the future. Therefore high temperature solar technologies are under development for the different development steps up to the final goal of carbon free hydrogen. This paper discusses the strategy based on the efficiencies of the chosen solar processes incorporating carbonaceous materials for a fast market introduction and processes based on water splitting for long term solar hydrogen generation. A comparison with the most common industrial processes shall demonstrate which endeavors have to be done to establish solar fuels.

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