DIMENSION OF SPACE-TIME IN THIRD QUANTIZED GRAVITY

1989 ◽  
Vol 04 (24) ◽  
pp. 2377-2385 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. KOZIMIROV ◽  
I.I. TKACHEV
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Abelian Gauge

Quantum creation of universes is considered within the framework of linear D-dimensional third quantized gravity with non-abelian gauge fields. It is shown that the number density of universes is infinitely peaked up on a sequence of compactified universes Sn+1×Id, where dimensionality of compact internal space Id takes values d=0, 1, …, D−3 and effective n+1-dimensional cosmological constant tends to zero, Sn+1→Mn+1.

MASSLESS SCALAR FIELDS IN NON-ABELIAN KALUZA-KLEIN THEORY

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ARIK ◽  
V. GABAY
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Direct Product ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Massless Scalar ◽  
Klein Theory ◽  
Euler Form ◽  
Odd Dimensions ◽  
Kaluza Klein

We investigate the presence of massless scalar fields in a Kaluza—Klein theory based on a dimensionally continued Euler-form action. We show that massless scalar fields exist provided that the internal space is a direct product of two irreducible manifolds. The condition of a vanishing effective four-dimensional cosmological constant and the presence of a graviton, gauge fields and massless scalar fields can be satisfied if both irreducible manifolds have odd dimensions and the sum of these dimensions is equal to the dimension of the Euler form.

scholarly journals Extended objects in nonperturbative quantum-field theory and the cosmological constant

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750074
Author(s):  
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev ◽  
Vladimir Folomeev ◽  
Burkhard Kleihaus ◽  
Jutta Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Exact Analytical Solution ◽  
Scalar Fields ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Vacuum Fluctuations ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Extended Object ◽  
Constant Energy Density

We consider a gravitating extended object constructed from vacuum fluctuations of nonperturbatively quantized non-Abelian gauge fields. An approximate description of such an object is given by two gravitating scalar fields. The object has a core filled with a constant energy density of the vacuum fluctuations of the quantum-fields. The core is located inside a cosmological event horizon. An exact analytical solution of the Einstein equations for such a core is presented. The value of the energy density of the vacuum fluctuations is connected with the cosmological constant.

scholarly journals OBTAINING A LIGHT-LIKE PLANAR GAUGE

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALFREDO T. SUZUKI ◽  
RICARDO BENTÍN
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Lorentz Covariance ◽  
Gauge Fixing ◽  
Dimensional Space Time

In the usual and current understanding of planar gauge choices for Abelian and non-Abelian gauge fields, the external defining vector nμ can either be space-like (n2 < 0) or time-like (n2>0) but not light-like (n2=0). In this work we propose a light-like planar gauge that consists of defining a modified gauge-fixing term, ℒ GF , whose main characteristic is a two-degree violation of Lorentz covariance arising from the fact that four-dimensional space–time spanned entirely by null vectors as basis necessitates two light-like vectors, namely nμ and its dual mμ, with n2=m2=0, n·m≠0, say, e.g. normalized to n·m=2.

scholarly journals Non-Abelian generalizations of the Hofstadter model: spin–orbit-coupled butterfly pairs

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Bo Zhen ◽  
John D. Joannopoulos ◽  
Marin Soljačić
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Hall ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Spin Orbit ◽  
Abelian Gauge ◽  
Experimental Realization ◽  
Integer Quantum Hall Effect ◽  
Integer Quantum ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Abstract The Hofstadter model, well known for its fractal butterfly spectrum, describes two-dimensional electrons under a perpendicular magnetic field, which gives rise to the integer quantum Hall effect. Inspired by the real-space building blocks of non-Abelian gauge fields from a recent experiment, we introduce and theoretically study two non-Abelian generalizations of the Hofstadter model. Each model describes two pairs of Hofstadter butterflies that are spin–orbit coupled. In contrast to the original Hofstadter model that can be equivalently studied in the Landau and symmetric gauges, the corresponding non-Abelian generalizations exhibit distinct spectra due to the non-commutativity of the gauge fields. We derive the genuine (necessary and sufficient) non-Abelian condition for the two models from the commutativity of their arbitrary loop operators. At zero energy, the models are gapless and host Weyl and Dirac points protected by internal and crystalline symmetries. Double (8-fold), triple (12-fold), and quadrupole (16-fold) Dirac points also emerge, especially under equal hopping phases of the non-Abelian potentials. At other fillings, the gapped phases of the models give rise to topological insulators. We conclude by discussing possible schemes for experimental realization of the models on photonic platforms.

Non-Abelian gauge fields, charges and strings

1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Venturi
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Abelian Gauge
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