Rings with xn + x or xn − x nilpotent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel N. Abyzov ◽  
Peter V. Danchev ◽  
Daniel T. Tapkin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Fixed Positive Integer

Let [Formula: see text] be a ring and let [Formula: see text] be an arbitrary but fixed positive integer. We characterize those rings [Formula: see text] whose elements [Formula: see text] satisfy at least one of the relations that [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] is a nilpotent whenever [Formula: see text]. This extends results from the same branch obtained by Danchev [A characterization of weakly J(n)-rings, J. Math. Appl. 41 (2018) 53–61], Koşan et al. [Rings with [Formula: see text] nilpotent, J. Algebra Appl. 19 (2020)] and Abyzov and Tapkin [On rings with [Formula: see text] nilpotent, J. Algebra Appl. 21 (2022)], respectively.

scholarly journals On the Inequality

1979 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kardos
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Functional Inequality ◽  
Renyi’S Entropy ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Fixed Positive Integer ◽  
Special Case

In this paper, we are concerned with the functional inequality1where 0 < Pi < l, 0 < qi < l, fi(p)≠0, for 0 < P < 1, (i = 1, 2,..., n) and n is a fixed positive integer, n ≥ 2.Inequality (1) was studied by Rényi and Fischer, (see [1], [3]) in the special case2and this provided a characterization of Rényi's entropy.

scholarly journals A new characterization of L2(p2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 907-915
Author(s):  
Zhongbi Wang ◽  
Chao Qin ◽  
Heng Lv ◽  
Yanxiong Yan ◽  
Guiyun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Irreducible Character ◽  
Character Degrees ◽  
Prime Divisors

Abstract For a positive integer n and a prime p, let {n}_{p} denote the p-part of n. Let G be a group, \text{cd}(G) the set of all irreducible character degrees of G , \rho (G) the set of all prime divisors of integers in \text{cd}(G) , V(G)=\left\{{p}^{{e}_{p}(G)}|p\in \rho (G)\right\} , where {p}^{{e}_{p}(G)}=\hspace{.25em}\max \hspace{.25em}\{\chi {(1)}_{p}|\chi \in \text{Irr}(G)\}. In this article, it is proved that G\cong {L}_{2}({p}^{2}) if and only if |G|=|{L}_{2}({p}^{2})| and V(G)=V({L}_{2}({p}^{2})) .

Characterization of the logistic and loglogistic distributions by extreme value related stability with random sample size

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 838-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Voorn
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Logistic Distribution ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Random Sample Size ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Maximum Stability ◽  
Independent Observations

Maximum stability of a distribution with respect to a positive integer random variable N is defined by the property that the type of distribution is not changed when considering the maximum value of N independent observations. The logistic distribution is proved to be the only symmetric distribution which is maximum stable with respect to each member of a sequence of positive integer random variables assuming value 1 with probability tending to 1. If a distribution is maximum stable with respect to such a sequence and minimum stable with respect to another, then it must be logistic, loglogistic or ‘backward' loglogistic. The only possible sample size distributions in these cases are geometric.

A Combinatorial Theorem

1966 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-516
Author(s):  
Paul G. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Combinatorial Theorem ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Fixed Positive Integer ◽  
Positive Integers

Let n be an arbitrary but fixed positive integer. Let Tn be the set of all monotone - increasing n-tuples of positive integers:1Define2In this note we prove that ϕ is a 1–1 mapping from Tn onto {1, 2, 3,…}.

scholarly journals Solvability of the diophantine equation x2 − Dy2 = ± 2 and new invariants for real quadratic fields

1994 ◽  
Vol 134 ◽  
pp. 137-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Yokoi
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Diophantine Equation ◽  
Quadratic Field ◽  
Quadratic Fields ◽  
Real Quadratic Field ◽  
Real Quadratic Fields ◽  
Real Quadratic

In our recent papers [3, 4, 5], we defined some new D-invariants for any square-free positive integer D and considered their properties and interrelations among them. Especially, as an application of it, we discussed in [5] the characterization of real quadratic field Q() of so-called Richaud-Degert type in terms of these new D-invariants.

scholarly journals A characterization of minimal prime ideals

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary F. Birkenmeier ◽  
Jin Yong Kim ◽  
Jae Keol Park
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Prime Ideal ◽  
Commutative Ring ◽  
Minimal Prime Ideal ◽  
Prime Ideals ◽  
Sheaf Representations ◽  
Minimal Prime

AbstractLet P be a prime ideal of a ring R, O(P) = {a ∊ R | aRs = 0, for some s ∊ R/P} | and Ō(P) = {x ∊ R | xn ∊ O(P), for some positive integer n}. Several authors have obtained sheaf representations of rings whose stalks are of the form R/O(P). Also in a commutative ring a minimal prime ideal has been characterized as a prime ideal P such that P= Ō(P). In this paper we derive various conditions which ensure that a prime ideal P = Ō(P). The property that P = Ō(P) is then used to obtain conditions which determine when R/O(P) has a unique minimal prime ideal. Various generalizations of O(P) and Ō(P) are considered. Examples are provided to illustrate and delimit our results.

scholarly journals Hyperstability of the k -Cubic Functional Equation in Non-Archimedean Banach Spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Youssef Aribou ◽  
Mohamed Rossafi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Equation ◽  
Fixed Point ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Banach Spaces ◽  
Functional Equations ◽  
Cubic Functional Equation ◽  
Fixed Point Approach ◽  
Fixed Positive Integer

Using the fixed point approach, we investigate a general hyperstability results for the following k -cubic functional equations f k x + y + f k x − y = k f x + y + k f x − y + 2 k k 2 − 1 f x , where k is a fixed positive integer ≥ 2 , in ultrametric Banach spaces.

scholarly journals On rings all of whose factor rings are integral domains

1993 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-333
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Zero Divisor ◽  
Arbitrary Positive Integer ◽  
Integral Domains ◽  
Factor Ring ◽  
Zero Divisors ◽  
Proper Quotient

AbstractA ring R is called a (proper) quotient no-zero-divisor ring if every (proper) nonzero factor ring of R has no zero-divisors. A characterization of a quotient no-zero-divisor ring is given. Using it, the additive groups of quotient no-zero-divisor rings are determined. In addition, for an arbitrary positive integer n, a quotient no-zero-divisor ring with exactly n proper ideals is constructed. Finally, proper quotient no-zero-divisor rings and their additive groups are classified.

scholarly journals On the sum of digits of some sequences of integers

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Cilleruelo ◽  
Florian Luca ◽  
Juanjo Rué ◽  
Ana Zumalacárregui
Keyword(s):  
Number Theory ◽  
Positive Integer ◽  
Integer Sequences ◽  
Sum Of Digits ◽  
Fixed Positive Integer ◽  
Almost All

AbstractLet b ≥ 2 be a fixed positive integer. We show for a wide variety of sequences {a n}n=1∞ that for almost all n the sum of digits of a n in base b is at least c b log n, where c b is a constant depending on b and on the sequence. Our approach covers several integer sequences arising from number theory and combinatorics.

scholarly journals On the use of the least common multiple to build a prime-generating recurrence

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 819-833
Author(s):  
Serafín Ruiz-Cabello
Keyword(s):  
Positive Integer ◽  
Strong Version ◽  
Common Multiple ◽  
Least Common Multiple ◽  
Full Characterization

We study a recursively defined sequence which is constructed using the least common multiple. Several authors have conjectured that every term of that sequence is [Formula: see text] or a prime. In this paper we show that this claim is connected to a strong version of Linnik’s theorem, which is still unproved. We also study a generalization that replaces the first term by any positive integer. Under this variation some composite numbers may appear now. We give a full characterization of these numbers.

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