The Effectiveness of Urban Irrigation Day Restrictions in California

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950001
Author(s):  
Hanna Hayden ◽  
Tsvetan Tsvetanov
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Residential Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Policy ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity ◽  
Residential Water

We analyze the impact of restricting outdoor irrigation using monthly data from 408 urban water suppliers in California during the final years of the 2012–2017 drought. Our estimates suggest that assigning an additional no-irrigation day per week leads to a decrease in average monthly residential water consumption by approximately 0.8 gallons per capita-day. There is substantial heterogeneity in this impact. First, the marginal effect of a stricter irrigation policy varies depending on the existing level of outdoor watering restrictions — while initial restrictions lead to considerable conservation gains, tightening these measures further does not bring additional gains unless 6 weekly no-irrigation days are implemented. Furthermore, the policy is more effective in areas where residential water use represents a larger share of total urban water consumption and areas which perform better at reaching the 25% state conservation target.

Assessing the impact of property size on residential water use for selected neighbourhoods in Lilongwe, Malawi

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikondi Makwiza ◽  
Heinz Erasmus Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Residential Water Use ◽  
Residential Properties ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Residential Water

Malawi has one of the highest urbanisation rates in Africa, with an urban housing approach that favours large residential plot sizes. The impact of plot size on residential water use was evaluated by examining water use records, obtained for the period between January 2009 and December 2014, for formal residential properties in the city of Lilongwe. Water use increased with plot size in line with other reported research, but the dataset contained a considerable proportion of large plots, which were also associated with higher residential water use than presented in similar studies. The findings of this study point to the need for collaboration between water managers and urban planners to promote increased access of urban water supplies by appropriately managing future residential plot sizes.

Analysing the dynamics of transitions in residential water consumption in the Netherlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Agudelo-Vera ◽  
E. J. M. Blokker ◽  
C. H. Büscher ◽  
J. H. G. Vreeburg
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Residential Water Use ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Oil Crisis ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Energy Labelling ◽  
Residential Water

Water infrastructure is inherently a socio-technical system. Rapidly changing urban trends and long-term uncertainties make water infrastructure management complex. This paper analyses the dynamics of residential water consumption in the Netherlands since 1900. During this period, different drivers for change had an influence on residential water use. Results show that different (f)actors and trends had a role in the change of routines, perceptions, expectations, technologies and norms. Drivers of change in residential water consumption were for instance technological developments, the changing perception of comfort and external pressures, such as the oil crisis in the 1970s, and energy labelling of appliances and buildings. These changes led to transitions in the urban system by adjustments in regulative, normative, and cognitive aspects of regimes. In this paper, these transitions are analysed. For instance, full adoption of showers took 60 years, and the maximum annual adoption rate was 6.4% for washing machines. Understanding the links between physical and technological features and society can provide key information about how urban water transitions occur. This knowledge must be used in water infrastructure planning as it impacts demand and typical demand patterns.

scholarly journals The Effect of Social Behavior on Residential Water Consumption

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1184
Author(s):  
Daniel Morales Martínez ◽  
Alexandre Gori Maia
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Peer Effect ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Water

We analyze how residential water consumption is influenced by the consumption of households belonging to the same social group (peer effect). Analyses are based on household-level data provided by the Brazilian Household Budget Survey and use an innovative strategy that estimates the spatial dependence of water consumption while simultaneously controlling for potential sources of sample selectivity and endogeneity. The estimates of our quantile regression models highlight that, conditional on household characteristics, the greater the household water consumption, the greater the peer effect. In other words, the overconsumption of residential water seems to be influenced mainly by the behavior of social peers.

scholarly journals Forecasting Residential Water Consumption in California: Rethinking Model Selection

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Buck ◽  
Maximilian Auffhammer ◽  
Hilary Soldati ◽  
David Sunding
Keyword(s):  
Model Selection ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Water Consumption ◽  
Residential Water
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