The Limiting Equivalent Conductances of Hydrogen Chloride and Ammonium Chloride in Dimethylformamide

1952 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Dawson ◽  
M. Golben ◽  
G. R. Leader ◽  
H. K. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

Ammonium Chloride Separated into Ammonia and Hydrogen Chloride, with the Aid of Metal Oxides

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Ashboren Araten
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Ammonium Chloride

THE LIMITING EQUIVALENT CONDUCTANCES OF AMMONIUM CHLORIDE, AMMONIUM BROMIDE, AND AMMONIUM NITRATE AT 35.00 °C.

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
E. Bock
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Stokes Equation ◽  
Probable Error ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Ionic Conductances ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

The limiting equivalent conductances of ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, and ammonium nitrate as well as the limiting ionic conductances of the ammonium and nitrate ions were determined at 35 °C. with a probable error of 0.05%. The values found were [Formula: see text] 180.97 mhos, [Formula: see text] 182.73 mhos, [Formula: see text] 174.21 mhos, [Formula: see text] 88.73 mhos, and [Formula: see text] 85.48 mhos. These values were obtained by the application of the Shedlovsky method of extrapolation to equivalent conductance data, which had been corrected for the hydrolysis of the ammonium ion.Observed equivalent conductances of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate at 35 °C., in the concentration range from 0.0002 N to 10 N, have been compared with those calculated by means of the Wishaw–Stokes and Falkenhagen–Leist equations. The Wishaw–Stokes equation was found to give better agreement with experiment than the Falkenhagen–Leist equation.

Formation of ammonium chloride particles from hydrogen chloride and ammonia in the atmosphere

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. S463-S464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Kulmala ◽  
Jyrki Mäkelä ◽  
Tom W Choularton ◽  
Alfred Wiedensohler ◽  
Hans-Christen Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Ammonium Chloride

Nucleation of Ammonium Chloride Particles from Hydrogen Chloride and Ammonia in Air

1959 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1684-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Twomey
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Ammonium Chloride

Analysis of the particle size distribution of ammonium chloride formed by rhythmic precipitation of ammonia and hydrogen chloride

1968 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 4320-4323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham A. Davies ◽  
Anthony B. Ponter ◽  
S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Ammonium Chloride

THE HYDROLYSIS AND POLYMERIZATION OF CYANOGEN CHLORIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE

1947 ◽  
Vol 25b (5) ◽  
pp. 430-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Van Cleave ◽  
H. E. Mitton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Pressure Increase ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Cyanogen Chloride ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Autocatalytic Effect

Cyanogen chloride reacts quantitatively with water in the presence of hydrochloric acid according to the equation: CNCl + 2H2O → CO2 + NH4Cl. As the percentage of hydrochloric acid is reduced towards zero, the rate of hydrolysis at 30 °C. becomes exceedingly slow. The rate of hydrolysis, as indicated by the pressure increase, shows an increase with time which is particularly marked when the concentration of hydrogen chloride is less than 1%. This apparent autocatalytic effect is not due to the accumulation of solid ammonium chloride. A polymerization reaction, the rate of which is increased by the addition of dry hydrogen chloride, proceeds simultaneously with the hydrolysis reaction. Pure cyanogen chloride shows little or no tendency to polymerize at 30 °C. Carbon dioxide has been shown to be quite soluble in liquid cyanogen chloride and an explanation has been suggested for the form of the pressure vs. time curves obtained in studying the acid catalyzed hydrolysis and polymerization of cyanogen chloride.

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