scholarly journals Sex-specific impact of aging on the blood pressure response to exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. H95-H104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel D. Trinity ◽  
Gwenael Layec ◽  
Corey R. Hart ◽  
Russell S. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systemic Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Plantar Flexion Exercise

An exaggerated blood pressure (BP) response to exercise has been linked to cardiovascular disease, but little is known about the impact of age and sex on this response. Therefore, this study examined the hemodynamic and skeletal muscle metabolic response to dynamic plantar flexion exercise, at 40% of maximum plantar flexion work rate, in 40 physical activity-matched young (23 ± 1 yr, n = 20) and old (73 ± 2 yr, n = 20), equally distributed, male and female subjects. Central hemodynamics and BP (finometer), popliteal artery blood flow (Doppler ultrasound), and skeletal muscle metabolism (31P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were measured during 5 min of plantar flexion exercise. Popliteal artery blood flow and high-energy phosphate responses to exercise were not affected by age or sex, whereas aging, independent of sex, attenuated stroke volume and cardiac output responses. Systolic BP and mean arterial pressure responses were exaggerated in old women (Δ42 ± 4 and Δ28 ± 3 mmHg, respectively), with all other groups exhibiting similar increases in systolic BP (old men: Δ27 ± 8 mmHg, young men: Δ27 ± 3 mmHg, and young women: Δ22 ± 3 mmHg) and mean arterial pressure (old men: Δ15 ± 4 mmHg, young men: Δ19 ± 2 mmHg, and young women: Δ17 ± 2 mmHg). Interestingly, the exercise-induced change in systemic vascular resistance in old women (∆0.8 ± 1.0 mmHg·l−1·min−1) was augmented compared with young women and young and old men (∆−2.8 ± 0.5, ∆−1.6 ± 0.6, and ∆−3.18 ± 1.4 mmHg·l−1·min−1, respectively, P < 0.05). Thus, in combination, advancing age and female sex results in an exaggerated BP response to exercise, likely the result of a failure to reduce systemic vascular resistance. NEW & NOTEWORTHY An exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise has been linked to cardiovascular disease; however, little is known about how age and sex impact this response in healthy individuals. During dynamic exercise, older women exhibited an exaggerated blood pressure response driven by an inability to lower systemic vascular resistance.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic abnormalities during muscle metaboreflex activation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Roberto ◽  
Raffaele Milia ◽  
Azzurra Doneddu ◽  
Virginia Pinna ◽  
Girolamo Palazzolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Systemic Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response

Metaboreflex is a reflex triggered during exercise or postexercise muscle ischemia (PEMI) by metaboreceptor stimulation. Typical features of metaboreflex are increased cardiac output (CO) and blood pressure. Patients suffering from metabolic syndrome display hemodynamic abnormalities, with an exaggerated systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and reduced CO response during PEMI-induced metaboreflex. Whether patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) have similar hemodynamic abnormalities is unknown. Here we contrast the hemodynamic response to PEMI in 14 patients suffering from DM2 (age 62.7 ± 8.3 yr) and in 15 age-matched controls (CTLs). All participants underwent a control exercise recovery reference test and a PEMI test to obtain the metaboreflex response. Central hemodynamics were evaluated by unbiased operator-independent impedance cardiography. Although the blood pressure response to PEMI was not significantly different between the groups, we found that the SVR and CO responses were reversed in patients with DM2 as compared with the CTLs (SVR: 392.5 ± 549.6 and −14.8 ± 258.9 dyn·s−1·cm−5; CO: −0.25 ± 0.63 and 0.46 ± 0.50 l/m, respectively, in DM2 and in CTL groups, respectively; P < 0.05 for both). Of note, stroke volume (SV) increased during PEMI in the CTL group only. Failure to increase SV and CO was the consequence of reduced venous return, impaired cardiac performance, and augmented afterload in patients with DM2. We conclude that patients with DM2 have an exaggerated vasoconstriction in response to metaboreflex activation not accompanied by a concomitant increase in heart performance. Therefore, in these patients, blood pressure response to the metaboreflex relies more on SVR increases rather than on increases in SV and CO. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The main new finding of the present investigation is that subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus have an exaggerated vasoconstriction in response to metaboreflex activation. In these patients, blood pressure response to the metaboreflex relies more on systemic vascular resistance than on cardiac output increments.

Exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise in athletes

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 184-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Turmel ◽  
Valérie Bougault ◽  
Louis-Philippe Boulet ◽  
Paul Poirier
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

Physiological characteristics and hormonal profile of young normotensive men with exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nazar ◽  
H. Kaciuba-Uscilko ◽  
W. Ziemba ◽  
H. Krysztofiak ◽  
E. Wójcik-Ziólkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Response To Exercise

Exaggerated Blood Pressure Response to Exercise – A New Portent of Masked Hypertension

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 560-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Kayrak ◽  
Ahmet Bacaksiz ◽  
Mehmet Akif Vatankulu ◽  
Selim S. Ayhan ◽  
Zeynettin Kaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Masked Hypertension ◽  
Response To Exercise

scholarly journals Systolic Blood Pressure Response to Exercise Stress Test and Risk of Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 2036-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kurl ◽  
J.A. Laukkanen ◽  
R. Rauramaa ◽  
T.A. Lakka ◽  
J. Sivenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Exercise Stress Test ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Response To Exercise

scholarly journals Metaboreceptor polymorphisms: do genes determine your blood pressure response to exercise?

2018 ◽  
Vol 596 (21) ◽  
pp. 5069-5070
Author(s):  
Jasdeep Kaur ◽  
Thales C. Barbosa ◽  
Paul J. Fadel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

Caffeine elevates blood pressure response to exercise in mild hypertensive men*

1995 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1184-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong Hee Sung ◽  
William R. Lovallo ◽  
Thomas Whitsett ◽  
Michael F. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Mild Hypertensive ◽  
Response To Exercise

8.EXAGGERATED BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IS ASSOCIATED WITH ARTERIAL STIFFENING IN PRE-HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Kyungdon Ryu ◽  
Young-Sub Byun ◽  
Byoung Kwon Lee ◽  
Choong-Won Goh ◽  
Kun-Joo Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Arterial Stiffening ◽  
Response To Exercise

Abstract 266: Neural Circulatory Responses to Isolated Muscle Metaboreflex Activation in Postmenopausal Women

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jody L Greaney ◽  
Evan L Matthews ◽  
Paul J Fadel ◽  
William B Farquhar ◽  
Megan M Wenner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Muscle Metaboreflex

Understanding the neural circulatory responses to exercise in postmenopausal women (PMW) is important given their greater risk for developing hypertension. During exercise, blood pressure is controlled, in part, by the exercise pressor reflex, which is a feedback mechanism originating in skeletal muscle and compromised of mechanically and metabolically sensitive afferents. A recent study reported an enhanced blood pressure response during exercise in normotensive PMW due to greater muscle metaboreflex activation, but the mechanism(s) underlying these responses are unknown. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that metaboreflex activation elicits exaggerated sympathetic nervous system responses in PMW compared to young women, contributing to the enhanced blood pressure response during exercise. Methods: Blood pressure (BP, Finometer) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA, peroneal microneurography) were continuously measured in 7 PMW (age 59±2 years; BMI 24±1 kg/m 2 ) and 7 young women (age 23±2 years; BMI 22±2 kg/m 2 ) during 2-minutes of isometric handgrip exercise performed at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction followed by 3-minutes of forearm ischemia (post-exercise ischemia, PEI) to isolate muscle metaboreflex activation. Results: Resting mean arterial pressure (MAP) was similar between PMW (85±3 mmHg) and young women (82±2 mmHg; P>0.05). During exercise, the increase in MAP was greater in PMW (Δ18±2mmHg) compared to young women (Δ 12±2 mmHg; P<0.05), and this was maintained during PEI (Δ13±1 mmHg PMW vs. Δ 6±1 mmHg young women; P<0.05). Resting MSNA was higher in PMW (24±4 bursts/min) compared to young women (9±3 bursts/min; P<0.05). Interestingly, the increase in MSNA during exercise was comparable between groups (P>0.05), whereas during PEI, the increase in MSNA was approximately 50% greater in PMW compared to young women (Δ13±2 burst/min PMW vs. 7±2 bursts/min young women; P<0.05). Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that compared to young women, PMW exhibit an exaggerated MSNA response to isolated muscle metaboreflex activation.

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