Antioxidant and Renoprotective Effects ofSpirogyra neglecta(Hassall) Kützing Extract in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Spirogyra neglectaextract (SNE) has shown antihyperglycemia and antihyperlipidemia in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) rats. This study investigated the antioxidant and renoprotective effects of SNE in T2DM rats induced by high-fat diet with low-single dose streptozotocin. T2DM rats were fed daily with SNE (0.25, 0.5, and 1 g/kg BW) for 12 weeks. Renal morphology, malondialdehyde levels, qPCR, and western blotting were analyzed. Renal cortical slices were used to determine renal transport of organic anions, which are estrone sulfate andpara-aminohippurate, mediated through organic anion transporter 3-Oat3. Insulin and PKCζwere known to activate Oat3 function while it was inhibited by PKCα. Compared to T2DM, plasma glucose, triglyceride, insulin resistance, renal morphology, and malondialdehyde levels were significantly improved by SNE supplementation. Reduced glutathione peroxidase and nuclear factorκB expressions were related to antioxidant effect of SNE. Oat3 mRNA and protein were not different among groups, but insulin-stimulated rOat3 followed by anion uptakes was abolished in T2DM. This was restored in the slices from SNE treatment. The mechanism of SNE-improved Oat3 was associated with PKCαand PKCζexpressions and activities. These findings indicate that SNE has beneficial effects on renal transport through antioxidant enzymes and PKCs in T2DM rats.

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Antidiabetic and Renoprotective Effects ofCladophora glomerataKützing Extract in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats: A Potential Nutraceutical Product for Diabetic Nephropathy

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2015/320167 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Chutima Srimaroeng ◽

Atcharaporn Ontawong ◽

Naruwan Saowakon ◽

Pornpun Vivithanaporn ◽

Anchalee Pongchaidecha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Organic Anion ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Cladophora Glomerata ◽

Anion Transporters ◽

Renal Morphology ◽

Experimental Type ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Cladophora glomerataextract (CGE) has been shown to exhibit antigastric ulcer, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypotensive, and antioxidant activities. The present study investigated antidiabetic and renoprotective effects of CGE in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. The rats were induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin and supplemented daily with 1 g/kg BW of CGE for 12 weeks. The renal transport function was assessed by the uptake ofpara-aminohippurate mediated organic anion transporters 1 (Oat1) and 3 (Oat3), using renal cortical slices. These two transporters were known to be upregulated by insulin and PKCζwhile they were downregulated by PKCαactivation. Compared to T2DM, CGE supplemented rats had significantly improved hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin resistance, and renal morphology. The baseline uptake ofpara-aminohippurate was not different among experimental groups and was correlated with Oat1 and 3 mRNA expressions. Nevertheless, while insulin-stimulated Oat1 and 3 functions in renal slices were blunted in T2DM rats, they were improved by CGE supplementation. The mechanism of CGE-restored insulin-stimulated Oat1 and 3 functions was clearly shown to be associated with upregulated PKCζand downregulated PKCαexpressions and activations. These findings indicate that CGE has antidiabetic effect and suggest it may prevent diabetic nephropathy through PKCs in a T2DM rat model.

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Impaired Insulin Signaling Affects Renal Organic Anion Transporter 3 (Oat3) Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0096236 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. e96236 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Anusorn Lungkaphin ◽

Phatchawan Arjinajarn ◽

Anchalee Pongchaidecha ◽

Chutima Srimaroeng ◽

Lisa Chatsudthipong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Signaling ◽

Organic Anion ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Organic Anion Transporter ◽

Anion Transporter ◽

Impaired Insulin ◽

Organic Anion Transporter 3

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Prebiotic prevents impaired kidney and renal Oat3 functions in obese rats

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/joe-17-0471 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 237 (1) ◽

pp. 29-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Keerati Wanchai ◽

Sakawdaurn Yasom ◽

Wannipa Tunapong ◽

Titikorn Chunchai ◽

Parameth Thiennimitr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Renal Function ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Organic Anion ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Organic Anion Transporter ◽

High Fat ◽

Insulin Resistant ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Anion Transporter

Obesity is health issue worldwide, which can lead to kidney dysfunction. Prebiotics are non-digestible foods that have beneficial effects on health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of xylooligosaccharide (XOS) on renal function, renal organic anion transporter 3 (Oat3) and the mechanisms involved. High-fat diet was provided for 12 weeks in male Wistar rats. After that, the rats were divided into normal diet (ND); normal diet treated with XOS (NDX); high-fat diet (HF) and high-fat diet treated with XOS (HFX). XOS was given daily at a dose of 1000 mg for 12 weeks. At week 24, HF rats showed a significant increase in obesity and insulin resistance associated with podocyte injury, increased microalbuminuria, decreased creatinine clearance and impaired Oat3 function. These alterations were improved by XOS supplementation. Renal MDA level and the expression of AT1R, NOX4, p67phox, 4-HNE, phosphorylated PKCα and ERK1/2 were significantly decreased after XOS treatment. In addition, Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, SOD2 and GCLC expression as well as renal apoptosis were also significantly reduced by XOS. These data suggest that XOS could indirectly restore renal function and Oat3 function via the reduction of oxidative stress and apoptosis through the modulating of AT1R-PKCα-NOXs activation in obese insulin-resistant rats. These attenuations were instigated by the improvement of obesity, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance.

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