The Relationship between Polymorphisms in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women
The objective of this study was to identify, through a systematic review of the literature, Vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms related to osteoporosis and their effects on bone mineral density (BMD). The articles dated between January 2000 and December 2011 in the Scielo and PubMed databases were reviewed. A total of 23 articles that studied the association between the BsmI, ApaI, FokI, and TaqI polymorphisms and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women were selected. We found systematic studies/meta-analysis (level E-I) and case-control/cohort (level E-IV) studies. No definite conclusions can be made regarding the association of BsmI, ApaI, FokI, and TaqI polymorphisms with BMD among postmenopausal women. Larger and more rigorous analytical studies with consideration of gene-gene/environment interactions are needed to further dissect the mechanisms by which VDR alleles influence BMD.