scholarly journals The Difference of Neural Networks between Bimanual Antiphase and In-Phase Upper Limb Movements: A Preliminary Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Lin ◽  
Hai Li ◽  
Yu-Rong Mao ◽  
Wai-Leung Lo ◽  
Jiang-Li Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Limb Movements ◽  
Bimanual Movement ◽  
Bimanual Movements ◽  
Upper Limb Movements

Most daily movements require some degree of collaboration between the upper limbs. The neural mechanisms are bimanual-condition specific and therefore should be different between different activities. In this study, we aimed to explore intraregional activation and interregional connectivity during bimanual movement by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Ten right-handed, normal subjects were recruited. The neural correlates of unimanual (right side) and bimanual (in-phase and antiphase) upper limb movements were investigated. Connectivity analyses were carried out using the psychophysiological interaction (PPI) model. The cerebellum was strongly activated in both unimanual and bimanual movements, and the cingulate motor area (CMA) was the most activated brain area in antiphase bimanual movement. Moreover, compared with unimanual movement, CMA activation was also observed in antiphase bimanual movement, but not in in-phase bimanual movement. In addition, we carried out the PPI model to study the differences of effective connectivity and found that the cerebellum was more connected with the CMA during antiphase bimanual movement than in-phase bimanual movement. Our findings elucidate the differences of the cerebellar-cerebral functional connectivity between antiphase and in-phase bimanual movements, which could be used to facilitate the development of a neuroscience perspective on bimanual movement control in patients with motor impairments.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Mechanism of Abdominal Acupuncture as a Poststroke Intervention for Promoting Upper-limb Motor Recovery: A Study Protocol of A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruihuan Pan ◽  
Shanshan Ling ◽  
Jingping XIE ◽  
Youhua Guo ◽  
Yiping Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Abdominal Acupuncture

Abstract Background: How to promote true recovery from poststroke upper limb motor impairment has remained an urgent public health problem. Acupuncture has the potential to facilitate poststroke recovery. Abdominal acupuncture, based on the recently discovered acupoint system on the anterior abdominal wall, appears attractive because it induces less pain, and allows concurrent limb rehabilitative training during treatment. However, its clinical efficacy has not been systematically demonstrated, and its neurophysiological mechanism has remained obscure. Methods: First-onset stroke survivors (0.5-3 months post-stroke) will be randomly divided into 3 groups (N=22 in each), respectively receiving (1) abdominal acupuncture, (2) abdominal acupuncture with sham needles, and (3) no acupuncture. All subjects will concurrently receive basic treatment, including upper limb rehabilitative training and measures for secondary stroke prevention. Clinical scores reflective of motor functions and impairment (Wolf motor function test, Fugl-Meyer assessment, Brunnstrom staging), evaluation of daily life ability, surface electromyography, and motor-imagery functional magnetic resonance imaging will be collected as outcome measures before and after intervention. Upper-limb muscle synergies will be identified from the collected surface electromyography. Discussion: The study will use abdominal acupuncture to improve recovery from motor dysfunction of the upper limb after stroke, to observe the effects of abdominal acupuncture on post-stroke upper limb motor functions, and to analyze the relationship between changes in upper-limb functions and measurements from both multi-muscle surface electromyographic data and brain activations during motor imagery from functional magnetic resonance imaging, so as to explore possible mechanisms of neuroplasticity associated with abdominal acupuncture. Trial registration: This trial was registered with the ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03712085) on 7th July 2018, and last updated on 16th Oct 2018.

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of Blood Flow Patterns in the Human Auditory Cortex in Response to Sound

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean C. Huckins ◽  
Christopher W. Turner ◽  
Karen A. Doherty ◽  
Michael M. Fonte ◽  
Nikolaus M. Szeverenyi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Complex Stimuli ◽  
Scanning Session ◽  
Auditory Research

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) holds exciting potential as a research and clinical tool for exploring the human auditory system. This noninvasive technique allows the measurement of discrete changes in cerebral cortical blood flow in response to sensory stimuli, allowing determination of precise neuroanatomical locations of the underlying brain parenchymal activity. Application of fMRI in auditory research, however, has been limited. One problem is that fMRI utilizing echo-planar imaging technology (EPI) generates intense noise that could potentially affect the results of auditory experiments. Also, issues relating to the reliability of fMRI for listeners with normal hearing need to be resolved before this technique can be used to study listeners with hearing loss. This preliminary study examines the feasibility of using fMRI in auditory research by performing a simple set of experiments to test the reliability of scanning parameters that use a high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio unlike that presently reported in the literature. We used consonant-vowel (CV) speech stimuli to investigate whether or not we could observe reproducible and consistent changes in cortical blood flow in listeners during a single scanning session, across more than one scanning session, and in more than one listener. In addition, we wanted to determine if there were differences between CV speech and nonspeech complex stimuli across listeners. Our study shows reproducibility within and across listeners for CV speech stimuli. Results were reproducible for CV speech stimuli within fMRI scanning sessions for 5 out of 9 listeners and were reproducible for 6 out of 8 listeners across fMRI scanning sessions. Results of nonspeech complex stimuli across listeners showed activity in 4 out of 9 individuals tested.

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