scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Prevention Services at College Health Centers: Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) Compared to Predominantly White Institutions (PWIs)

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 758.2-758
Author(s):  
KB Barnett ◽  
AL McRee ◽  
PL Reiter ◽  
ED Paskett ◽  
ML Katz
Author(s):  
Andrew Dix

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the in-game communication of football players from historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) was excessively penalized in the field of play. Previous literature has found that referee bias is commonplace and uncovered evidence that referees socially judge the communicative behaviors of HBCU student athletes differently than the communicative behaviors of student athletes from predominantly White institutions. This led to social judgment theory emerging as the theoretical frame. Quantitative methods were utilized to analyze National Collegiate Athletic Association data for Division II college football. Findings revealed that referees disproportionately flagged football teams from HBCUs in comparison with predominantly White institutions. These results provide implications for theory. The uncovered results also support a well-developed line of communication research that has indicated that excessive penalties are levied against HBCU teams in multiple sports. A rhetorical call to action is made to facilitate officiating change in intercollegiate athletics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Kelly Elliot ◽  
Tim Kellison

There has been little research into the comparison of historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) to predominantly white institutions (PWIs) in recent years.  With growing athletic department budgets, it is important to understand how HBCUs financially compare to their PWI counterparts.  Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how HBCU athletic departments compare to their peer PWIs in terms of athletic department spending and to conduct a budgetary analysis of HBCU athletic departments. To examine differences in athletics budgets, data were collected from the U.S. Department of Education’s Equity in Athletics Disclosure Act (EADA) Survey.  NCAA member institution peer groups with HBCU members were selected for this study.  Institutional data include salary, recruitment, operation, and scholarship expenses and revenue for peer groups. An ANOVA was conducted to compare peer institutions, institutions in the same region, by division, and overall.  The results indicated HBCU peer groups are spending significantly less compared to their PWI counterparts.  Additionally, among HBCU institutions, most athletic programs are spending the most on athletic aid expenses.  Similarly, HBCUs are earning significantly less revenue compared to their peers. Athletic department administrators can use the results of this study to help create budgets comparable to peer institutions. 


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