Identification of Promiscuous KIF20A Long Peptides Bearing Both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell Epitopes: KIF20A-Specific CD4+ T-cell Immunity in Patients with Malignant Tumor

SummaryTo understand the CD8+ T cell immunity related to viral protection and disease severity in COVID-19, we evaluated the complete SARS-CoV-2 genome (3141 MHC-I binding peptides) to identify immunogenic T cell epitopes, and determine the level of CD8+ T cell involvement using DNA-barcoded peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) multimers. COVID-19 patients showed strong T cell responses, with up to 25% of all CD8+ lymphocytes specific to SARS-CoV-2-derived immunodominant epitopes, derived from ORF1 (open reading frame 1), ORF3, and Nucleocapsid (N) protein. A strong signature of T cell activation was observed in COVID-19 patients, while no T cell activation was seen in the ‘non-exposed’ and ‘high exposure risk’ healthy donors. Interestingly, patients with severe disease displayed the largest T cell populations with a strong activation profile. These results will have important implications for understanding the T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and how T cell immunity might influence disease development.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Simultaneous induction of CD4 T cell tolerance and CD8 T cell immunity by semimature dendritic cells.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1024837.293828 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

David Serreze

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Cd8 T Cell ◽

T Cell Immunity ◽

Cd4 T Cell ◽

T Cell Tolerance ◽

Cell Tolerance ◽

Simultaneous Induction ◽

Cell Immunity

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Combined Photosensitization and Vaccination Enable CD8 T-Cell Immunity and Tumor Suppression Independent of CD4 T-Cell Help

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2019.01548 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eleni Maria Varypataki ◽

Fabio Hasler ◽

Ying Waeckerle-Men ◽

Sarah Vogel-Kindgen ◽

Anders Høgset ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

Tumor Suppression ◽

Cd8 T Cell ◽

T Cell Immunity ◽

Cd4 T Cell ◽

Cd4 T Cell Help ◽

Cell Immunity ◽

T Cell Help

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Immunodominant T-cell epitopes from the SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen reveal robust pre-existing T-cell immunity in unexposed individuals

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92521-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Swapnil Mahajan ◽

Vasumathi Kode ◽

Keshav Bhojak ◽

Coral Karunakaran ◽

Kayla Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

T Cell Activation ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Cd8 T Cell ◽

T Cell Immunity ◽

T Cell Epitopes ◽

Cell Reactivity ◽

Cell Immunity ◽

T Cell Reactivity ◽

Shared Epitopes

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has revealed a range of disease phenotypes in infected patients with asymptomatic, mild, or severe clinical outcomes, but the mechanisms that determine such variable outcomes remain unresolved. In this study, we identified immunodominant CD8 T-cell epitopes in the spike antigen using a novel TCR-binding algorithm. The predicted epitopes induced robust T-cell activation in unexposed donors demonstrating pre-existing CD4 and CD8 T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 antigen. The T-cell reactivity to the predicted epitopes was higher than the Spike-S1 and S2 peptide pools in the unexposed donors. A key finding of our study is that pre-existing T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is contributed by TCRs that recognize common viral antigens such as Influenza and CMV, even though the viral epitopes lack sequence identity to the SARS-CoV-2 epitopes. This finding is in contrast to multiple published studies in which pre-existing T-cell immunity is suggested to arise from shared epitopes between SARS-CoV-2 and other common cold-causing coronaviruses. However, our findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 reactive T-cells are likely to be present in many individuals because of prior exposure to flu and CMV viruses.

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