scholarly journals OpenGL 3D crowd evacuation simulation at universiti tun hussein onn malaysia (UTHM) hostel

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1034
Author(s):  
Jamaludin, M.N ◽  
Mohamad, S. ◽  
Sunar, M.S. ◽  
Isa, K. ◽  
Hanifa, R.M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Application ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Interaction Forces ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Crowd Evacuation ◽  
High Level

<span lang="EN-GB">Crowd simulation is the process of simulating characterized agents or entities using computer application to analyse it in virtual scene or virtual environment. This paper investigates the best route path for agents to act in avoiding the fire hazards with different designated type of stairs in shop lots that were converted to hostel dormitory for students. 3D social force agent’s model and 3D fire hazards were designed in Microsoft Visual Studio C++ software and OpenGL library. A research was conducted using social force model behaviour and were taken by 10 and 15 agents to analyse the time taken to complete the evacuation process. The acceleration produced where it is related with route path taken by agents, interaction forces of agents and interaction forces of wall are the main research system to analyse agents’ behaviour during simulation. Different simulations have been used to determine the best and fastest route taken by agents. In summary, the lower the number of agents, the lower the time allocated by agents to complete the evacuation. Finally, less number of agents using the designated straight stairs gave a lower time to complete evacuation process and reached high level of security to avoid being exposed to fire hazards. </span>

scholarly journals Crowd evacuation simulation for walking-along-side effect in the Stadium

2020 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Benbu Liang ◽  
Kefan Xie ◽  
Xueqin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Mass Gathering ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Agent Simulation ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Crowd Evacuation

With growing concerns about stadiums where attract large mass gathering, modeling and simulating crowd evacuation is pertinent to ensuring efficient and safe conditions. Based on the modified social force model and multi-agent simulation, several simulation scenarios are conducted to study the walking-along-side effects. The results show that walking along the sides will increase evacuation time, but it can mitigate the pressure of clogging effects and stream arching queue. Meanwhile, walking-along-side effects can relieve the density pressure of the exit and the "fast-is-slow" phenomenon. At last, several suggestions are put forward to promote evacuating capacity of the stadium.

miSFM: On combination of Mutual Information and Social Force Model towards simulating crowd evacuation

2015 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 529-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingliang Xu ◽  
Yunpeng Wu ◽  
Pei Lv ◽  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Mingxuan Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Crowd Evacuation

scholarly journals Simulating Crowd Evacuation in a Social Force Model with Iterative Extended State Observer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Juan Wei ◽  
Wenjie Fan ◽  
Zhongyu Li ◽  
Yangyong Guo ◽  
Yuanyuan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Observer ◽  
Extended State Observer ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Extended State ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
External Interference ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crowd Evacuation ◽  
Improved Model

Due to the interaction and external interference, the crowds will constantly and dynamically adjust their evacuation path in the evacuation process to achieve the purpose of rapid evacuation. The information from previous process can be used to modify the current evacuation control information to achieve a better evacuation effect, and iterative learning control can achieve an effective prediction of the expected path within a limited running time. In order to depict this process, the social force model is improved based on an iterative extended state observer so that the crowds can move along the optimal evacuation path. First, the objective function of the optimal evacuation path is established in the improved model, and an iterative extended state observer is designed to get the estimated value. Second, the above model is verified through simulation experiments. The results show that, as the number of iterations increases, the evacuation time shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.

Evacuation Simulation in the Narrow Stair with Revised Social Force Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 409-410 ◽  
pp. 1577-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Wu ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
Zhong Lai Guo ◽  
Yong Gang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Psychological Force ◽  
Narrow Space ◽  
Direction Model

In this paper, a revised social force model in the stairs are discussed. Considering the influence of the gravity to the pedestrians in the stairs, we improve the model by adding the gravity factor, which makes the simulation more reality. In additional, we simplify the direction model of the psychological force between pedestrians considering the narrow space of the stair, and this will refine the computational efficiency dramatically. Furthermore, we also discussed the construction of the building models for the practical simulations. The experimental results in this paper shows the valid of the model.

Research of Arching Phenomenon in Crowd Evacuation Simulation Based on the Arch Effect

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-366
Author(s):  
Liang Li ◽  
Hong Liu ◽  
Lei Lv
Keyword(s):  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Optimal Interval ◽  
Arch Effect ◽  
The Media ◽  
Crowd Evacuation ◽  
Short Time ◽  
And Control

Arch Effect is a universal natural phenomenon caused by the non-homogeneous displacement of the media. Likely, the pedestrians in a crowd evacuation simulation, according to the social force model, would also form an arch near the exit in a short time. The resulting arch may decrease evacuation efficiency and lead to extremely dangerous situations. In this paper, inspired by the similarity between the natural Arch Effect and pedestrians’ evacuation behaviors, a hypothesis is proposed that the arching phenomenon in crowd evacuation simulations can be controlled by applying the theory of the natural Arch Effect. To test this hypothesis, two steps have been conducted. First, the obstacles in the scene are treated as the arch feet. By setting obstacles at appropriate positions, the arch is formed at a position more distant from the exit. The outer-arch can help to avoid extremely dangerous situations and improve evacuation efficiency. Second, a modified interval equation based on the Arch Effect is proposed to calculate the proper interval of the obstacles to be set in the scene. With the pressure in the crowd and the size of obstacles considered, the equation aims to provide the optimal interval value for pedestrian evacuation. The results of the experiments illustrate that it is effective to analyze and control the arching phenomenon in crowd evacuation simulations by applying the theory of the Arch Effect.

scholarly journals An Evacuation Model for Passenger Ships That Includes the Influence of Obstacles in Cabins

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baocheng Ni ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Pei Zhang ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Interaction Forces ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Passenger Behavior

Passenger behavior and ship environment are the key factors affecting evacuation efficiency. However, current studies ignore the interior layout of passenger ship cabins and treat the cabins as empty rooms. To investigate the influence of obstacles (e.g., tables and stools) on cabin evacuation, we propose an agent-based social force model for advanced evacuation analysis of passenger ships; this model uses a goal-driven submodel to determine a plan and an extended social force submodel to govern the movement of passengers. The extended social force submodel considers the interaction forces between the passengers, crew, and obstacles and minimises the range of these forces to improve computational efficiency. We drew the following conclusions based on a series of evacuation simulations conducted in this study: (1) the proposed model endows the passenger with the behaviors of bypassing and crossing obstacles, (2) funnel-shaped exits from cabins can improve evacuation efficiency, and (3) as the exit angle increases, the evacuation time also increases. These findings offer ship designers some insight towards increasing the safety of large passenger ships.

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