Comparative Functional Anatomy of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Two Morphs of Astatoreochromis Alluaudi (Pisces, Cichlidae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Ch. Anker ◽  
Frans Witte ◽  
Jan D. Smits ◽  
Kees D.N. Barel
Keyword(s):  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

scholarly journals Gene coexpression networks reveal molecular interactions underlying cichlid jaw modularity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Singh ◽  
Ehsan Pashay Ahi ◽  
Christian Sturmbauer
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Cichlid Species ◽  
Cichlid Fishes ◽  
Gene Coexpression ◽  
Modular Evolution ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Coexpression Networks ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

Abstract Background The oral and pharyngeal jaw of cichlid fishes are a classic example of evolutionary modularity as their functional decoupling boosted trophic diversification and contributed to the success of cichlid adaptive radiations. Most studies until now have focused on the functional, morphological, or genetic aspects of cichlid jaw modularity. Here we extend this concept to include transcriptional modularity by sequencing whole transcriptomes of the two jaws and comparing their gene coexpression networks. Results We show that transcriptional decoupling of gene expression underlies the functional decoupling of cichlid oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus and the two units are evolving independently in recently diverged cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika. Oral and pharyngeal jaw coexpression networks reflect the common origin of the jaw regulatory program as there is high preservation of gene coexpression modules between the two sets of jaws. However, there is substantial rewiring of genetic architecture within those modules. We define a global jaw coexpression network and highlight jaw-specific and species-specific modules within it. Furthermore, we annotate a comprehensive in silico gene regulatory network linking the Wnt and AHR signalling pathways to jaw morphogenesis and response to environmental cues, respectively. Components of these pathways are significantly differentially expressed between the oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus. Conclusion This study describes the concerted expression of many genes in cichlid oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus at the onset of the independent life of cichlid fishes. Our findings suggest that – on the basis of an ancestral gill arch network—transcriptional rewiring may have driven the modular evolution of the oral and pharyngeal jaws, highlighting the evolutionary significance of gene network reuse. The gene coexpression and in silico regulatory networks presented here are intended as resource for future studies on the genetics of vertebrate jaw morphogenesis and trophic adaptation.

scholarly journals Jaw musculature of Cyclarhis gujanensis (Aves: Vireonidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM. Previatto ◽  
SR. Posso
Keyword(s):  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Feeding Apparatus ◽  
Temporal Fossa ◽  
Jaw Muscles ◽  
Number Of Components ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Adductor Muscles ◽  
Anatomical Knowledge ◽  
Jaw Musculature

AbstractCyclarhis gujanensis is a little bird which feeds on high number of large preys, such frogs, lizards, snakes, bats and birds. As there are few studies on the cranial anatomy of this species, we aimed to describe the cranial myology to contribute to the anatomical knowledge of this species and to make some assumptions about functional anatomy. Thus, we described the muscles from the jaw apparatus (external and internal adductor muscles, the muscles of the pterygoid system and the depressor muscles of the mandible). The adductor system is the greatest and multipinulated, particularly in its origin in the caudal portion of the temporal fossa. The depressor jaw muscles systems are enlarged with many components in complexity. The most of jaw apparatus muscles are short, but the strength (biting or crushing forces) from short feeding apparatus fibers probably is increased by high number of components and pinnulation. These anatomical aspects of the muscles indicate a considerable force in the jaws, without which C. gujanensis probably could not cut their prey into smaller pieces. However, functional approaches to analysis of forces of the muscle fibers are needed to corroborate / refute the hypotheses mentioned above.

Anatomy of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus ofZenarchopterus (gill) (Teleostei: Beloniformes)

2004 ◽  
Vol 262 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Tibbetts ◽  
Lee Carseldine
Keyword(s):  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

Enzyme activities of pharyngeal jaw musculature in the cichlid Tramitichromis intermedius: implications for sound production in cichlid fishes

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (22) ◽  
pp. 3519-3523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron N. Rice ◽  
Phillip S. Lobel
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
Evolutionary Innovation ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Muscles ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Function ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

SUMMARY Owing to its high degree of complexity and plasticity, the cichlid pharyngeal jaw apparatus has often been described as a key evolutionary innovation. The majority of studies investigating pharyngeal muscle behavior and function have done so in the context of feeding. Analysis of enzyme activities (citrate synthase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase) of pharyngeal muscles in the Lake Malawi cichlid Tramitichromis intermedius revealed differences between pharyngeal jaw muscles and between males and females. Therefore, these muscles have different performance characteristics, resulting in different functional characteristics of the muscles within the complex. Furthermore, the differences between muscles of males and females represent fundamental differences in muscular metabolic processes between sexes. This study is the first to demonstrate that the pharyngeal anatomy is not only used for food processing but is possibly responsible for sound production, in turn influencing sexual selection in cichlid fish.

A description on pharyngeal jaw apparatus and diets of halfbeak fish Zenarchopterus buffonis (Valenciennes 1847) in Malaysian waters

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Atiqah Zainal Abidin ◽  
Marina Hashim ◽  
Simon K. Das ◽  
Mazlan Abd. Ghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw
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