scholarly journals Revisions of Anatomical Descriptions of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Moray Eels of the Family Muraenidae (Teleostei: Anguilliformes)

Copeia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
G. David Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

scholarly journals Gene coexpression networks reveal molecular interactions underlying cichlid jaw modularity

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Singh ◽  
Ehsan Pashay Ahi ◽  
Christian Sturmbauer
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Cichlid Species ◽  
Cichlid Fishes ◽  
Gene Coexpression ◽  
Modular Evolution ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Coexpression Networks ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

Abstract Background The oral and pharyngeal jaw of cichlid fishes are a classic example of evolutionary modularity as their functional decoupling boosted trophic diversification and contributed to the success of cichlid adaptive radiations. Most studies until now have focused on the functional, morphological, or genetic aspects of cichlid jaw modularity. Here we extend this concept to include transcriptional modularity by sequencing whole transcriptomes of the two jaws and comparing their gene coexpression networks. Results We show that transcriptional decoupling of gene expression underlies the functional decoupling of cichlid oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus and the two units are evolving independently in recently diverged cichlid species from Lake Tanganyika. Oral and pharyngeal jaw coexpression networks reflect the common origin of the jaw regulatory program as there is high preservation of gene coexpression modules between the two sets of jaws. However, there is substantial rewiring of genetic architecture within those modules. We define a global jaw coexpression network and highlight jaw-specific and species-specific modules within it. Furthermore, we annotate a comprehensive in silico gene regulatory network linking the Wnt and AHR signalling pathways to jaw morphogenesis and response to environmental cues, respectively. Components of these pathways are significantly differentially expressed between the oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus. Conclusion This study describes the concerted expression of many genes in cichlid oral and pharyngeal jaw apparatus at the onset of the independent life of cichlid fishes. Our findings suggest that – on the basis of an ancestral gill arch network—transcriptional rewiring may have driven the modular evolution of the oral and pharyngeal jaws, highlighting the evolutionary significance of gene network reuse. The gene coexpression and in silico regulatory networks presented here are intended as resource for future studies on the genetics of vertebrate jaw morphogenesis and trophic adaptation.

Anatomy of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus ofZenarchopterus (gill) (Teleostei: Beloniformes)

2004 ◽  
Vol 262 (3) ◽  
pp. 750-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Tibbetts ◽  
Lee Carseldine
Keyword(s):  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

Comparative Functional Anatomy of the Pharyngeal Jaw Apparatus in Two Morphs of Astatoreochromis Alluaudi (Pisces, Cichlidae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Ch. Anker ◽  
Frans Witte ◽  
Jan D. Smits ◽  
Kees D.N. Barel
Keyword(s):  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

Enzyme activities of pharyngeal jaw musculature in the cichlid Tramitichromis intermedius: implications for sound production in cichlid fishes

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (22) ◽  
pp. 3519-3523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron N. Rice ◽  
Phillip S. Lobel
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
Evolutionary Innovation ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Muscles ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Function ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

SUMMARY Owing to its high degree of complexity and plasticity, the cichlid pharyngeal jaw apparatus has often been described as a key evolutionary innovation. The majority of studies investigating pharyngeal muscle behavior and function have done so in the context of feeding. Analysis of enzyme activities (citrate synthase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase) of pharyngeal muscles in the Lake Malawi cichlid Tramitichromis intermedius revealed differences between pharyngeal jaw muscles and between males and females. Therefore, these muscles have different performance characteristics, resulting in different functional characteristics of the muscles within the complex. Furthermore, the differences between muscles of males and females represent fundamental differences in muscular metabolic processes between sexes. This study is the first to demonstrate that the pharyngeal anatomy is not only used for food processing but is possibly responsible for sound production, in turn influencing sexual selection in cichlid fish.

A description on pharyngeal jaw apparatus and diets of halfbeak fish Zenarchopterus buffonis (Valenciennes 1847) in Malaysian waters

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Atiqah Zainal Abidin ◽  
Marina Hashim ◽  
Simon K. Das ◽  
Mazlan Abd. Ghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
Pharyngeal Jaw

A Note on the Elemental Composition of the Jaws of Goniada Maculata (Polychaeta: Goniadidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Gibbs ◽  
G. W. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Feature ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Distal Half ◽  
Marine Biological Association ◽  
Jaw Apparatus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium

It has been concluded from studies of the elemental composition of the jaws of four Glycera species that a high concentration of copper is a structural feature of the glycerid jaw (Gibbs & Bryan, 1980). In Glycera gigantea Quatrefages, for example, the whole jaw when dried contains about 1–5% of copper, whilst zinc, calcium and magnesium, in roughly equal amounts, account for a further 1%. Copper is mainly confined to the distal half of the jaw and a concentration of 13% is present in the extreme tip; the other metals are more evenly distributed. Of non-metals, chlorine is concentrated in the distal tip along with the copper but sulphur is fairly evenly distributed and probably accounts for several percent of the dry weight.In view of these findings, it was decided to investigate the Family Goniadidae, a group of worms that are closely related to the Glyceridae (and often included in that family) but which are readily separated by the different structure of the jaw apparatus and also of the parapodia (see Hartman, 1950). In goniadids the jaw apparatus consists of a pair of larger toothed jaws (macrognaths) plus dorsal and ventral arcs of smaller, H- and Y-shaped jaws (micrognaths), the whole forming a circle around the tip of the proboscis. The present observations were made on Goniada maculata Oersted, the only goniadid species present in the Plymouth area, and a total of four specimens, all about 5 cm in length, from different areas (Salcombe, Rame Grounds and Cawsand Bay: see Marine Biological Association, 1957) were examined.

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