scholarly journals Variability of CONUS Lightning in 2003–12 and Associated Impacts

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Koshak ◽  
Kenneth L. Cummins ◽  
Dennis E. Buechler ◽  
Brian Vant-Hull ◽  
Richard J. Blakeslee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upward Trend ◽  
Property Damage ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Personal Property ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
Damage Costs ◽  
National Climate Assessment ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Total Lightning ◽  
Cg Lightning

AbstractChanges in lightning characteristics over the conterminous United States (CONUS) are examined to support the National Climate Assessment (NCA) program. Details of the variability of cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning characteristics over the decade 2003–12 are provided using data from the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN). Changes in total (CG + cloud flash) lightning across part of the CONUS during the decade are provided using satellite Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) data. The variations in NLDN-derived CG lightning are compared with available statistics on lightning-caused impacts to various U.S. economic sectors. Overall, a downward trend in total CG lightning count is found for the decadal period; the 5-yr mean NLDN CG count decreased by 12.8% from 25 204 345.8 (2003–07) to 21 986 578.8 (2008–12). There is a slow upward trend in the fraction and number of positive-polarity CG lightning, however. Associated lightning-caused fatalities and injuries, and the number of lightning-caused wildland fires and burn acreage also trended downward, but crop and personal-property damage costs increased. The 5-yr mean LIS total lightning changed little over the decadal period. Whereas the CONUS-averaged dry-bulb temperature trended upward during the analysis period, the CONUS-averaged wet-bulb temperature (a variable that is better correlated with lightning activity) trended downward. A simple linear model shows that climate-induced changes in CG lightning frequency would likely have a substantial and direct impact on humankind (e.g., a long-term upward trend of 1°C in wet-bulb temperature corresponds to approximately 14 fatalities and over $367 million in personal-property damage resulting from lightning).

scholarly journals The Fourth National Climate Assessment: Summary Findings and Overview

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa Jay ◽  
David Reidmiller ◽  
Christopher Avery ◽  
Daniel Barrie ◽  
Ben DeAngelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Assessment ◽  
National Climate Assessment

scholarly journals INFORMAL BUSINESS TOURISM IN CAMEROON

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1289-1298
Author(s):  
Tembi Maloney TICHAAWA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
African Context ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Formal And Informal Sectors ◽  
Business Travellers ◽  
Local Farmers

The uniqueness of business tourism in the African context is argued to be an amalgam of several clusters of activities manifested in both the formal and informal sectors. In this study, business tourism in the global south, with a specific focus on the informal sector in Cameroon is analysed. Using data that was collected from a series of semi-structured interviews conducted with three hundred and seventy-seven business travellers, the study reveals that informal business tourism includes domestic business travellers classified into five distinctive categories: (1) informal salespeople (2) shopowners (3) herdsmen (4) local farmers and (5) wholesalers. The study concludes that informal business tourism represents an important sector that contributes to tourism development and if well harnessed, its multiplier effect could be widespread amongst the different economic sectors of Cameroon.

scholarly journals Evaluating Knowledge to Support Climate Action: A Framework for Sustained Assessment. Report of an Independent Advisory Committee on Applied Climate Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Moss ◽  
S. Avery ◽  
K. Baja ◽  
M. Burkett ◽  
A. M. Chischilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Tribal Government ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Research Sector ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
National Climate Assessment

Abstract As states, cities, tribes, and private interests cope with climate damages and seek to increase preparedness and resilience, they will need to navigate myriad choices and options available to them. Making these choices in ways that identify pathways for climate action that support their development objectives will require constructive public dialogue, community participation, and flexible and ongoing access to science- and experience-based knowledge. In 2016, a Federal Advisory Committee (FAC) was convened to recommend how to conduct a sustained National Climate Assessment (NCA) to increase the relevance and usability of assessments for informing action. The FAC was disbanded in 2017, but members and additional experts reconvened to complete the report that is presented here. A key recommendation is establishing a new nonfederal “climate assessment consortium” to increase the role of state/local/tribal government and civil society in assessments. The expanded process would 1) focus on applied problems faced by practitioners, 2) organize sustained partnerships for collaborative learning across similar projects and case studies to identify effective tested practices, and 3) assess and improve knowledge-based methods for project implementation. Specific recommendations include evaluating climate models and data using user-defined metrics; improving benefit–cost assessment and supporting decision-making under uncertainty; and accelerating application of tools and methods such as citizen science, artificial intelligence, indicators, and geospatial analysis. The recommendations are the result of broad consultation and present an ambitious agenda for federal agencies, state/local/tribal jurisdictions, universities and the research sector, professional associations, nongovernmental and community-based organizations, and private-sector firms.

scholarly journals Aspirations and common tensions: larger lessons from the third US national climate assessment

2015 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne C. Moser ◽  
Jerry M. Melillo ◽  
Katharine L. Jacobs ◽  
Richard H. Moss ◽  
James L. Buizer
Keyword(s):  
The Third ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
National Climate Assessment

Ontology engineering in provenance enablement for the National Climate Assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 191-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Ma ◽  
Jin Guang Zheng ◽  
Justin C. Goldstein ◽  
Stephan Zednik ◽  
Linyun Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ontology Engineering ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
National Climate Assessment

Chapter 3 : Water. Impacts, Risks, and Adaptation in the United States: The Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume II

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upmanu Lall ◽  
Thomas Johnson ◽  
Peter Colohan ◽  
Amir Aghakouchak ◽  
Sankar Arumugam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climate Assessment ◽  
National Climate Assessment
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