Second Place — Resident Clinical Science Award 1993: Effect of Otologic Drill Noise on ABR Thresholds in a Guinea Pig Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg W. Suits ◽  
Robert E. Brummett ◽  
Jim Nunley
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Sound Exposure ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Guinea Pig Model ◽  
Mastoid Surgery

The Noise Generated By The Otologic Drill Has Been Implicated As A Cause Of Sensorineural Hearing Loss After Ear Surgery. However, Clinical Studies On This Subject Are Contradictory And Difficult To Interpret. Therefore A Guinea Pig Model Was Used To Study Whether The Level Of Noise Generated By The Otologic Drill Can Cause Threshold Shifts In The Auditory Brainstem Response (Abr). The Source Noise Was A Recording Obtained During A Human Cadaver Mastoidectomy Using A Microphone And An Accelerometer. Ten Female Topeka-Strain Guinea Pigs Were Exposed To The Recorded Drill Noise For A Period Of 55 Minutes. Exposure Included Both Air-Conducted Energy From A Speaker And Bone-Conducted Energy From A Bone Vibrator Applied Directly To The Skull. Abr Threshold Measurements Were Taken Pre-Exposure (Baseline), Immediately After Exposure, And At Weekly Intervals Thereafter For 3 Weeks. Three Control Animals Were Subjected To The Same Procedure Without The Sound Exposure. A Significant Threshold Shift ( P > 0.0001) Was Seen For Each Frequency Tested (2, 4, 8, 16, 20, And 32 Khz) Immediately After Exposure To Noise In All Experimental Animals. Thresholds Returned To Baseline Within 3 Weeks. We Conclude That The Level Of Noise Generated By The Otologic Drill In Mastoid Surgery Can Cause A Temporary Threshold Shift In This Guinea Pig Model

Characterization of wave I of the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response in the guinea pig

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Miller ◽  
Paul J. Abbas ◽  
Barbara K. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Brainstem Response

Ototoxic Effect of Ultrastop Antifog Solution Applied to the Guinea Pig Middle Ear

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Nomura ◽  
Hidetoshi Oshima ◽  
Daisuke Yamauchi ◽  
Hiroshi Hidaka ◽  
Tetsuaki Kawase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Middle Ear Surgery ◽  
Brainstem Response

Objectives Recent advances in endoscopic technology have allowed its application to middle ear surgery. An antifog agent is necessary for endoscopy because moisture and blood may obscure visibility. Ultrastop is one of the most commonly used antifog agents. The current study examined the ototoxic effect of topical application of Ultrastop in the guinea pig ear. Study Design A preliminary experimental animal study. Setting University hospital. Subjects and Methods Eighteen male Hartley guinea pigs (weight, 480-620 g) were divided into 3 groups to be treated with Ultrastop, gentamicin (50 mg/mL, positive control), or saline solution (negative control). After auditory brainstem responses were measured, topical solutions of 0.2 mL were applied through a small hole made at the tympanic bulla. Posttreatment auditory brainstem responses were obtained 14 days after the treatment. The extent of middle ear damage was investigated and scored. Results The saline-treated group showed no deterioration in auditory brainstem response threshold. The Ultrastop-treated and gentamicin-treated groups showed severe deterioration in auditory brainstem response threshold. Middle ear examination revealed extensive changes in the Ultrastop-treated group and medium changes in the gentamicin-treated group. Conclusion Ultrastop applied topically to the guinea pig middle ear caused significant middle ear inflammation and hearing impairment.

Pre-Operative Intravenous Dexamethasone Prevents Auditory Threshold Shift in a Guinea Pig Model of Cochlear Implantation

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Connolly ◽  
Hayden Eastwood ◽  
Gordana Kel ◽  
Halina Lisnichuk ◽  
Rachael Richardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Auditory Threshold ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Threshold Shift ◽  
Guinea Pig Model

Prestin as an Otologic Biomarker of Cisplatin Ototoxicity in a Guinea Pig Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Naples ◽  
Robert Cox ◽  
Gregory Bonaiuto ◽  
Kourosh Parham
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Saline Injection ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Experimental Animal Study ◽  
Guinea Pig Model ◽  
The Relationship

Objective To evaluate (1) whether changes in serum prestin aid in early detection of cisplatin ototoxicity, (2) the role of diltiazem as an otoprotectant, and (3) whether prestin levels are sensitive to effects of diltiazem. Study Design Experimental animal study. Setting Translational research laboratory. Subjects Twenty female guinea pigs. Methods Two groups of 10 guinea pigs were used. The relationship between serum prestin levels and auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds was compared between the groups. All animals had baseline blood draws and ABR thresholds recorded prior to cisplatin administration. Intraperitoneal cisplatin bolus (8 mg/kg) was administered followed by 5 consecutive days of intratympanic (IT) diltiazem (2 mg/kg) or sham IT-saline injection. Serum prestin levels and ABR thresholds were measured at days 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 postcisplatin. Results In sham, IT-saline–treated animals, mean prestin levels were elevated above baseline on days 1 to 7. The prestin levels were significantly elevated from baseline on day 1 ( P < .001), while significant ABR threshold elevations did not occur until day 2 ( P = .028) for click-evoked ABRs and day 3 ( P = .041) for tones. In diltiazem-treated animals, prestin levels were not elevated above baseline but ABR thresholds were elevated on days 1 to 3. However, the thresholds returned toward baseline on days 7 and 14. Conclusion Changes in serum prestin levels were detectable prior to shifts in ABR thresholds in a guinea pig cisplatin ototoxicity model. These changes did not occur in diltiazem-treated animals. Prestin may serve as a biomarker of cochlear injury that is sensitive to therapeutic interventions in cisplatin ototoxicity.

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