Ototoxic Effect of Ultrastop Antifog Solution Applied to the Guinea Pig Middle Ear

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 840-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Nomura ◽  
Hidetoshi Oshima ◽  
Daisuke Yamauchi ◽  
Hiroshi Hidaka ◽  
Tetsuaki Kawase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Middle Ear Surgery ◽  
Brainstem Response

Objectives Recent advances in endoscopic technology have allowed its application to middle ear surgery. An antifog agent is necessary for endoscopy because moisture and blood may obscure visibility. Ultrastop is one of the most commonly used antifog agents. The current study examined the ototoxic effect of topical application of Ultrastop in the guinea pig ear. Study Design A preliminary experimental animal study. Setting University hospital. Subjects and Methods Eighteen male Hartley guinea pigs (weight, 480-620 g) were divided into 3 groups to be treated with Ultrastop, gentamicin (50 mg/mL, positive control), or saline solution (negative control). After auditory brainstem responses were measured, topical solutions of 0.2 mL were applied through a small hole made at the tympanic bulla. Posttreatment auditory brainstem responses were obtained 14 days after the treatment. The extent of middle ear damage was investigated and scored. Results The saline-treated group showed no deterioration in auditory brainstem response threshold. The Ultrastop-treated and gentamicin-treated groups showed severe deterioration in auditory brainstem response threshold. Middle ear examination revealed extensive changes in the Ultrastop-treated group and medium changes in the gentamicin-treated group. Conclusion Ultrastop applied topically to the guinea pig middle ear caused significant middle ear inflammation and hearing impairment.

Low-Frequency Auditory Brainstem Response Threshold

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Laukli ◽  
O. Fjermedal ◽  
I. W. S. Mair
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Brainstem Response

Characterization of wave I of the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response in the guinea pig

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Miller ◽  
Paul J. Abbas ◽  
Barbara K. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Brainstem Response

scholarly journals Pyroptosis Accelerates Spiral Ganglion Neuronal Degeneration Induced by Aminoglycosides in the Cochlea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhi Xing ◽  
Jia Fang ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Li ◽  
Mingxian Li ◽  
Chengqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Spiral Ganglion ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Ganglion Neurons

Abstract Background In aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss, damage to spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) accelerates gradually after the acute outer hair cell death, accompanied by macrophage infiltration and cytokine release. Pyroptosis plays a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we explored the potential role of pyroptosis in SGN degeneration. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a kanamycin plus furosemide group and saline control group. Auditory functions were evaluated by auditory brainstem response tests conducted before treatment and at 1, 5, 15, and 30 days after treatment. HCs and SGNs were assessed for morphological alterations. SGNs were subjected to RNA sequencing and mRNA and protein analyses of NLRP3 inflammasome-related molecules. Macrophage activation was evaluated based on morphological and mRNA alterations. The effect of NLRP3 inhibition on SGN survival after kanamycin treatment was evaluated in organ explant cultures treated with Mcc950, a specific inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Results Kanamycin and furosemide administration led to irreversible deterioration of the auditory brainstem response threshold, accompanied by acute loss of outer hair cells and gradually progressive loss of inner hair cells. SGNs showed a progressive decrease in quantity, as well as swelling and membrane rupture, at 15 and 30 days. RNA sequencing of SGNs showed that inflammation and immune-related responses were significantly upregulated, as was the expression of the inflammasome-related gene NLRP3. During 30 days of kanamycin exposure, the canonical pyroptosis pathway was constantly activated in SGNs. Activation and infiltration of microglia-like cells/macrophages, and increased production of cytokines, hallmarks of neuroinflammation, were also observed. Mcc950 significantly ameliorated SGN degeneration by inhibiting NLRP3 expression and promoting release of interleukins 1β and 18. Conclusions Pyroptosis causes cell death during aminoglycoside-induced SGN degeneration. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome leads to a cascade of inflammatory events in SGNs. Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome significantly alleviates SGN damage, suggesting that it could serve as a new molecular target for the treatment of aminoglycoside-induced SGN degeneration.

scholarly journals The Binaural Interaction Component of the Auditory Brainstem Response Under Precedence Effect Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 233121652094613
Author(s):  
Kelly Dean ◽  
John H. Grose
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Interaural Time Difference ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Precedence Effect ◽  
Binaural Processing ◽  
Binaural Interaction ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Echo Suppression ◽  
Interaction Component

The purpose of this study was to measure the binaural interaction component (BIC) derived from click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) using stimuli configured to elicit the Precedence Effect. The hypothesis was that the contribution of binaural processing to echo suppression can be evidenced by a diminished or absent BIC associated with the echo. Ten normal-hearing young adults provided ABRs generated by sequences of click pairs. Results showed that BICs elicited by diotic clicks in isolation were obliterated when those diotic clicks were preceded by a click pair having an interaural time difference of 400 µs and where the interclick interval was 8.4 ms. The presence of the leading click pair increased the latency of the ABR generated by the lagging diotic click pair but did not decrease its amplitude. The results were interpreted as indicating a contribution of binaural processing at the level of the brainstem to echo suppression, at least for the conditions tested here.

Newborn Hearing Screening with Combined Otoacoustic Emissions and Auditory Brainstem Responses

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 414-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Hall ◽  
Steven D. Smith ◽  
Gerald R. Popelka
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Auditory Neuropathy ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Conductive Loss ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Screening Measures

Accurate assessment of neonatal hearing screening performance is impossible without knowledge of the true status of hearing, a prohibitive requirement that necessitates a complete diagnostic evaluation on all babies screened. The purpose of this study was to circumvent this limitation by integrating two types of screening measures obtained near simultaneously on every baby. Peripheral auditory function was defined by otoacoustic emission results. A complete diagnostic evaluation was performed on every baby who received a "Refer" outcome for auditory brainstem response screening. The integrated results for auditory brainstem response screening in an unselected group of 300 newborns estimated sensitivity at 100%, specificity at 99.7%, overall referral rate at 2.0%, and a positive predictive value of 83.3%. Conductive loss associated with amniotic fluid in the middle ear can persist several weeks after birth; conductive loss can produce a "Refer" outcome for auditory brainstem response screening; and auditory neuropathy can be detected with screening measures. Prevalence results were consistent with the published literature. The implications of this study are that otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem measures provide much more information than either alone and that both are needed for a comprehensive hearing screening program.

scholarly journals Auditory Brainstem Response: reference-values for age

CoDAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Araujo Cruz Rosa ◽  
Marcia Rumi Suzuki ◽  
Rosanna Giaffredo Angrisani ◽  
Marisa Frassom Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Response ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Responses ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Methods ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Absolute Latency ◽  
Preterm Newborns

PURPOSE: To study the absolute latencies of waves I , III and V and interpeak I-III , III-V and I-V of Auditory brainstem responses obtained in preterm newborns in relation to post-conceptual age, term newborns and six months of age infants, establishing reference values for each age group. METHODS: Retrospective study realized through the analysis of tests performed on 80 infants divided into four groups, being the group one composed per newborns assessed between 35 and 36 weeks post-conceptual age; group two by newborns assessed between 37 and 38 weeks; group three with newborns reviewed between 39 to 40 weeks; and group four with infants evaluated with six months. RESULTS: The wave I absolute latency in the group one was 1.81 ms, decreasing to 1.79 ms in groups two and three, and to 1.70 ms in group four. The wave III latency in group one was 4.74 ms, decreasing to 4.62 ms in group two, to 4.56 ms in the group three and to 4.37 ms in the group four. The wave V latency in group one was 7.14 ms, in the group two it was 7.05 ms, in the group three 6.90 ms; and in the group four it was 6.50 ms. Interpeak latencies were also decreased in all groups. CONCLUSION: The latencies studied decreased with the increasing age and were similar values with the international literature.

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