Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus in children with asthma

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare and potentially fatal disease characterized by acute progressive dyspnea caused by bronchial casts in the bronchial tree. We analyzed two children with asthma and PB who presented with high fever, cough and dyspnea. Both cases showed acute onset and rapid disease progression. Laboratory examination revealed that both children were infected with influenza A virus. Emergency fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed within 20 hours of admission. Immediately after removing the bronchial casts, their dyspnea symptoms improved significantly, and they recovered after comprehensive treatment with antiviral drugs, antibiotics and glucocorticoids. When children with asthma have acute progressive and difficult-to-relieve dyspnea after infection with influenza A virus, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of PB and perform bronchoscopy as soon as possible to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment and improve patient prognosis.

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Effect of influenza A virus infection on acid-induced cough response in children with asthma

CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs ◽

10.1183/09031936.97.10010071 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 71-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

T. Shimizu ◽

H. Mochizuki ◽

A. Morikawa

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Influenza A Virus ◽

Influenza A ◽

Cough Response ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Influenza A Virus Infection

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Acute Onset Transient Toe Walking in a 4 yr. Old Boy due to H1N1 Influenza a Virus Infection

Journal of Pediatric Care ◽

10.21767/2471-805x.100004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Swaminathan S

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Influenza A Virus ◽

Influenza A ◽

H1n1 Influenza ◽

Acute Onset ◽

Influenza A Virus Infection ◽

Toe Walking

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Plastic Bronchitis Associated With Influenza a Virus in a Child With Nephrotic Syndrome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-436352/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kenji Maehara ◽

Mari Kurokawa ◽

Junichiro Tezuka ◽

Sooyoung Lee ◽

Yoshitsugu Kaku

Keyword(s):

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Influenza A Virus ◽

Influenza A ◽

Influenza Infection ◽

Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽

Lower Airway ◽

Plastic Bronchitis ◽

Circulating Blood Volume ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Mucus Plug

Abstract BackgroundPlastic bronchitis (PB) combined with nephrotic syndrome (NS) is rare, and the pathophysiological relationship between PB and NS has not been elucidated. We report a case of an 8-year-old boy with life-threatening PB caused by an influenza infection during a relapse of NS. Case presentationThe patient was on immunosuppressive drugs for NS. He developed fever due to an influenza A virus infection, followed by respiratory distress and frequent vomiting. Prednisolone was administered for possible bronchial asthma and NS. His respiratory status deteriorated rapidly, which required ventilator management. A large mucus plug was aspirated using bronchoscopy. He was then diagnosed with PB caused by the influenza A virus. Increased lower airway secretion and fluid leakage into the airways by relapse of NS were considered the causes of mucus plug formation. Besides, the decreased circulating blood volume might have made the bronchial secretions viscous with cast formation.ConclusionsPediatric patients with NS may be at a higher risk of developing PB. As PB is a life-threatening condition, patients with NS should be closely monitored when simultaneously infected with influenza virus.

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