Do Family-Level Factors Associated With Bullying Perpetration and Peer Victimization Differ by Race? Comparing European American and African American Youth

Patterns of—and correlates associated with—bullying perpetration and peer victimization have received widespread research attention. Somewhat less research has considered how protective factors in the parental domain help to buffer against both adverse behaviors. And perhaps more importantly, even less research has considered potential racial differences in the manner in which family-level variables relate to both bullying perpetration and peer victimization. Using a nationwide sample of adolescents, the present study examines (a) how parent/guardian support, mother’s parental monitoring, father’s parental monitoring, and family satisfaction buffer against bullying perpetration and peer victimization; and (b) whether these relationships vary across race. Data are derived from the 2009 to 2010 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children study in the United States. A total of 8,998 adolescents were included in the study sample, which consisted of 6,521 European Americans and 2,477 African Americans. Findings show that both European American and African American youth who received parental/guardian support were less likely to report being bullied. Among both African American and European American sub-samples, results showed that mother’s parental monitoring was negatively associated with both bullying perpetration and peer victimization. Father’s parental monitoring was negatively associated with peer victimization and bullying perpetration for European Americans only. Both European and African American youth who reported being satisfied with their family were less likely to report being bullied while European American youth who reported higher family satisfaction were less likely to engage in bullying. In sum, several family variables help to buffer against both bullying perpetration and peer victimization, but for the most part these relationships are race-invariant.

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Defensive localism in white and black: a comparative history of European-American and African-American youth gangs

Ethnic and Racial Studies ◽

10.1080/014198700329051 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 272-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Christopher Adamson

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African American Youth ◽

European American ◽

Comparative History ◽

Youth Gangs ◽

History Of

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Do the Same Central Anthropometric Variables that Best Predict Blood Pressure in European Americans also Best Predict Blood Pressure in African Americans?

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.30.2.349 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 349-356

Author(s):

L. Jerome Brandon ◽

Larry D. Proctor

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

African American ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

African American Men ◽

European American ◽

Central Adiposity ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Men And Women ◽

European Americans ◽

Blood Pressures

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if central anthropometric variables that best estimate blood pressure risks in European Americans also best estimate blood pressure risks in African Americans.Design: The participants were 357 normotensive African and European American volunteers with a mean age of 32.6 ± 12.4 years. Participants were evaluated for central adiposity with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, abdomen and thigh skinfolds, waist and hip circumferences, waist/hip ratio, waist/height ratio, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Descriptive statistics, partial correlations, ANOVA and stepwise regressions were used to analyze the data.Results: Central adiposity anthropometric indices made different contributions to blood pressure in African and European American men and women. When weight was held constant, waist circumference shared stronger partial relationships with blood pressure in African Americans (r = .30 to .47) than in European Americans (r = .11 to .32). Waist circumference in combination with other indices was a predictor of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in European American men (P<.05) but only a predictor for diastolic blood pressure in African American men and women (P<.01). Hip circumference was the only predictor for systolic blood pressure (P<.01) in African American men and women.Conclusions: Further research on the relative contributions of central anthropometric indices to blood pressure in African and European Americans is warranted. A better understanding of this relationship may help reduce hypertensive morbidity and mortality disparities between African and European Americans. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(2):349-356; doi:10.18865/ed.30.2.349

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Peer Victimization Among Urban, Predominantly African American Youth: Coping With Relational Aggression Between Friends

Journal of School Violence ◽

10.1080/15388220903341372 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 98-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Tracy Evian Waasdorp ◽

Aparna Bagdi ◽

Catherine P. Bradshaw

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Peer Victimization ◽

Relational Aggression ◽

African American Youth

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Oppositional Identity and Back-Vowel Fronting in a Tri-ethnic Context

American Speech ◽

10.1215/00031283-9116251 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-27

Author(s):

Marie Bissell ◽

Walt Wolfram

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African Americans ◽

American Indians ◽

European American ◽

European Americans ◽

Oppositional Identity ◽

Robeson County ◽

Back Vowel ◽

Contact Situation ◽

Lumbee Indians

This study considers the dynamic trajectory of the back-vowel fronting of the BOOT and BOAT vowels for 27 speakers in a unique, longstanding context of a substantive, tri-ethnic contact situation involving American Indians, European Americans, and African Americans over three disparate generations in Robeson County, North Carolina. The results indicate that the earlier status of Lumbee English fronting united them with the African American vowel system, particularly for the BOOT vowel, but that more recent generations have shifted towards alignment with European American speakers. Given the biracial Southeastern U.S. that historically identified Lumbee Indians as “free persons of color” and the persistent skepticism about the Lumbee Indians as merely a mixed group of European Americans and African Americans, the movement away from the African American pattern towards the European American pattern was interpreted as a case of oppositional identity in which Lumbee Indians disassociate themselves from African American vowel norms in subtle but socially meaningful ways.

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The Influence of Gender and Ethnicity on Judgments of Culpability in a Domestic Violence Scenario

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/vivi.19.2.203.64103 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 203-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Christopher J. Ferguson ◽

Charles Negy

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

African American ◽

African Americans ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Racial Bias ◽

European American ◽

Domestic Assault ◽

European Americans ◽

And Gender ◽

Ethnicity And Gender

Using an experimental analog design, in this study we examined 503 European American, African American, and Latino undergraduate students’ responses to a domestic violence scenario in which the ethnicity and gender of the perpetrator were manipulated. Results indicated that participants perceived perpetration of domestic assault significantly more criminal when committed by a man than when committed by a woman. That finding was robust across European Americans, African Americans, and Latinos and was expressed by both genders. Also, European American participants expressed significantly more criticism toward African American perpetrators of assault than they did toward European American and Latino perpetrators of the exact offense, suggestive of racial bias consistent with stereotypes about African Americans being excessively aggressive. Finally, Latino participants expressed significantly more sympathy toward women who assault their husbands than toward assaulting husbands. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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Can Adult Care Diminish the Effects of Friends’ Assaultive Behaviors on Bullying Perpetration among African American Youth?

Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma ◽

10.1080/10926771.2018.1552223 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 242-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jun Sung Hong ◽

EunJee Song ◽

Vicente J. Llorent ◽

Sadiq Patel ◽

Dexter R. Voisin

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

African American Youth ◽

Adult Care ◽

Bullying Perpetration

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A closer look at school bonding among African American adolescents in low-income communities: A latent class analysis

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105316658970 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

pp. 1424-1437 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dexter R Voisin ◽

Dong Ha Kim ◽

Jun Sung Hong

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Low Income ◽

Parental Monitoring ◽

Latent Class ◽

School Success ◽

Future Orientation ◽

African American Youth ◽

African American Adolescents ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

School Bonding

Positive school bonding is a significant precursor to students’ school success. However, African American youth report lower school success compared with their White counterparts. This study examined correlates of school bonding among 633 African American youth who were recruited from community settings in Chicago. Major findings indicated that negative peer norms, exposure to community violence, and poor mental health were negatively correlated with school bonding, while parental monitoring, positive self-regard, and future orientation were correlated with higher school motivation. Students classified as having high or moderate school bonding were more likely to live with both parents, experience higher levels of parental monitoring, and exhibit positive self-regard. Implications are discussed in view of these findings.

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