The International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis Early Growth and Development

Analyses of gall biology and development allow determination of morphogenesis events in host-plant organs that are altered by galling insects. Currently, we assume that there is a correlation between Lopesia sp. instars and the alterations in gall tissues on Mimosa gemmulata that generate the gall shape. The development of Lopesia sp. (three larval instars, pupae and adult) correlates positively with gall growth, especially on the anticlinal axis. First-instar larvae are found in galls at the stage of induction, Instar 2 in galls at early growth and development, Instar 3 in galls at late growth and development, pupae in galls at maturation, and the adult emerges from senescent galls. At induction, the larva stimulates cell differentiation in pinnula and pinna-rachis tissues on M. gemmulata. At early growth and development stages, cell division and expansion are increased, and non-glandular trichomes assist gall closing. Homogenous parenchyma and neoformed vascular bundles characterise late growth and development. At maturation, tissues are compartmentalised and cells achieve major expansion through elongation. At senescence, galls open by the falling of trichomes, and mechanical and nutritive cells have thickened walls. The neoformed nutritive tissue nurtures the developing Lopesia sp., whose feeding behaviour influences the direction of cell elongation, predominantly periclinal, determinant for gall bivalve shape.

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Moving Targets

The Nature of Nutrition ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691145655.003.0006 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Stephen J. Simpson ◽

David Raubenheimer

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Natural Selection ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Early Growth ◽

Evolutionary Change ◽

Life History Strategies ◽

Moving Targets ◽

Gene Frequencies ◽

Epigenetic Effects ◽

As Species

This chapter studies intake and growth targets. For clarity, earlier chapters have treated intake and growth targets as static points integrated across a particular period in the life of an animal. In reality they are, of course, not static but rather trajectories that move in time. In the short term, the requirements of the animal change as environmental circumstances impose differing demands for nutrients and energy. At a somewhat longer timescale, targets move as the animal passes through the various stages of its life, from early growth and development to maturity, reproduction, and senescence. On an even longer timescale, nutritional traits are subject to natural selection and move as species evolve to exploit new or changing nutritional environments and to adopt differing life-history strategies. Presaging such evolutionary change in gene frequencies within populations are epigenetic effects, whereby the nutritional experiences of parents influence the behavior and metabolism of their offspring without requiring changes in gene frequencies.

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“Can I go to Glasgow?” Learnings from patient involvement at the 17th Congress of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD)

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/0896860819880101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 12-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Talia Gutman ◽

Karine E Manera ◽

Amanda Baumgart ◽

David W Johnson ◽

Martin Wilkie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

International Society ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Best Practice ◽

Patient Involvement ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Research Priorities ◽

Self Management ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Research Activities

Background: Recognition of the discrepancy between the research priorities of patients and health professionals has prompted efforts to involve patients as active contributors in research activities, including scientific conferences. However, there is limited evidence about the experience, challenges, and impacts of patient involvement to inform best practice. This study aims to describe patient and health professional perspectives on patient involvement at the Congress of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD). Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 patients/caregivers and 15 health professionals from six countries who attended ISPD. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were analyzed thematically. Results: We identified four themes: protecting and enhancing scientific learning (grounding science in stories, sharing and inspiring new perspectives, distilling the key messages of research presentations, striking a balance between accommodating patients and presenting the science); democratizing access to research (redistributing power, challenging the traditional ownership of knowledge, cultivating self-management through demystifying research); inadequate support for patient/caregiver delegates (lacking purposeful inclusion, challenges in interpreting research findings, soliciting medical advice, difficulty negotiating venue and program, limited financial assistance in attending); and amplifying impact beyond the room (sparking innovation in practice, giving patients and families hope for the future). Conclusions: Patient involvement at the ISPD Congress clarified the applicability of research to patient care and self-management, democratized science, and strengthened the potential impact of research. More structured support for patients to help them purposefully articulate their experience in relation to session objectives may enhance their contribution and their own learning experience.

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A Message from the President of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis: Your Recommendations Please

Peritoneal Dialysis International ◽

10.1177/089686089101100202 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 110-111

Author(s):

Karl D. Nolph

Keyword(s):

Peritoneal Dialysis ◽

International Society

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Early growth and development of wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) in relation to wheat

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar00150 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 52 (7) ◽

pp. 755 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

R. D. Cousens ◽

J. W. Warringa ◽

J. E. Cameron ◽

V. Hoy

Keyword(s):

Specific Leaf Area ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Early Growth ◽

Detectable Effect ◽

Wild Radish ◽

Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽

Short Delay ◽

Wheat Growth ◽

Competition Models ◽

Sowing Dates

Raphanus raphanistrum was grown in monoculture and as a range of cohorts of emergence in mixture with wheat. Growth and development were recorded at frequent intervals up to anthesis of the wheat.R. raphanistrum remained shorter than wheat, only over-topping the crop prior to anthesis for 2 of 7 sowing dates. When expressed in terms of photothermal time, growth in monocultures was similar for all sowing dates except those for wheat in mid-summer. Even a short delay in R. raphanistrumemergence in mixture decreased its growth considerably; R. raphanistrum emerging more than 4 weeks after the crop had no detectable effect on the wheat. However, even R. raphanistrum plants emerging 10 weeks after the crop produced some seeds. In mixture, R. raphanistrum had a higher specific leaf area (SLA), reduced leaf partitioning, and taller stems than in monoculture. A physiological growth model based on parameters from monocultures was unable to predict growth in mixtures; inclusion of changes in SLA and height in mixture improved predictions in some cases. It is concluded that competition models based on monoculture parameters, although previously successful for species with similar height and phasic development, are unlikely to work for species that differ in these attributes. Further work is required on the physiology of plants within mixtures.

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