Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immune Globulin Intravenous

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical data detailing the use of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin intravenous (RSV—IGIV) in infants and children. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search (1990–1996) was used to identify all publications that dealt with RSV—IGIV clinical trials, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics in infants and children. Bibliographies of articles were also used. STUDY SELECTION: All abstracts and clinical trials were reviewed. DATA EXTRACTION: Study design, population, efficacy, and safety data were retained. DATA SYNTHESIS: RSV—IGIV is an immunoglobulin product with serum neutralizing titers against RSV. It has been shown to reduce hospital stay, admissions, intensive care unit admissions, and mechanical ventilation days in infants and children with RSV pneumonia or bronchiolitis who are younger than 24 months of age and were born prematurely, or have bronchopulmonary dysplasia. RSV—IGIV is well tolerated by infants and children. CONCLUSIONS: RSV—IGIV is an effective prophylactic agent against serious RSV disease in select groups of infants and children.

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Respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus disease in infants and children with congenital heart disease

The Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70056-3 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 133 (4) ◽

pp. 492-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

Eric A.F. Simoes ◽

Henry M. Sondheimer ◽

Franklin H. Top ◽

H.Cody Meissner ◽

Robert C. Welliver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Immune Globulin ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Infants And Children ◽

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

In Infants And Children

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Parenteral Histamine2-Receptor Antagonists in the Pediatric Population

Journal of Pharmacy Technology ◽

10.1177/875512259401000203 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 53-57

Author(s):

Neeta Bahal O'Mara ◽

Milap C. Nahata

Keyword(s):

Product Information ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Infants And Children ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Receptor Antagonists ◽

Study Selection ◽

Stability Data ◽

Administration Methods ◽

In Infants And Children

Objective: To provide a review of the use of parenteral histamine2 (H2)-receptor antagonists cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine in the pediatric population. Data Sources: Information was identified by MEDLINE and a review of journals. References cited in published articles and manufacturers' product information also were used. Study Selection: Information was selected for review if it addressed the parenteral administration of H2-receptor antagonists in the pediatric population. Data Extraction: Data were extracted from references pertaining to the topic. Data Synthesis: Despite the lack of Food and Drug Administration pediatric labeling, the H2-receptor antagonists often are used for a variety of indications in infants and children. Although these agents differ somewhat in chemical structure, potency, and pharmacokinetics, the most important differences exist in their drug interactions and adverse effect profiles. Further, administration methods, compatibility, and stability data differ slightly among the agents. Conclusions: Parenteral H2-receptor antagonists are used for a variety of indications in infants and children. Despite their widespread use, additional studies are needed to define the optimal dosage regimens in this population.

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5-Azacytidine and Decitabine Monotherapies of Myelodysplastic Disorders

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1345/aph.1e612 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (10) ◽

pp. 1700-1709 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Jim R Kuykendall

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Supportive Therapy ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Data Sources ◽

Hypomethylating Agents ◽

Medline Search ◽

Study Selection ◽

Response To Chemotherapy ◽

Leukemia Treatment

OBJECTIVE: To review and differentiate the pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and results of major clinical trials of 5-azacytidine (5-AzaC) and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (decitabine) therapy of myelodysplastic disorders. DATA SOURCES: A PubMed/MEDLINE search was conducted (1966–October 2004) using the following terms: DNA methylation, myelodysplastic disorders, 5-azacytidine, and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (decitabine). Additional data sources included bibliographies from identified articles and manufacturer information. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Clinical trials for the treatment of various malignancies by hypomethylating agents were selected from data sources. All published, major clinical trials evaluating 5-AzaC or decitabine in myelodysplastic disorders and transformed myeloid leukemia treatment were included. DATA SYNTHESIS: Myelodysplastic disorders are a group of bone marrow stem cell hyperplasias and dysplasias that result in ineffective hematopoiesis. Myelodysplastic disorders and transformed leukemia have poor prognosis and minimal response to chemotherapy. DNA hypomethylating agents have been shown to improve overall response rates (increased neutrophil, leukocyte, and platelet counts), time to leukemic progression, and quality of life compared with supportive therapy. The incidence of the most common adverse effects (nausea, vomiting, myelosuppression) can be reduced by low-dose, continuous, or extended-interval infusion. CONCLUSIONS: Since appropriate dosing schedules of decitabine are being investigated, comparison of the clinical effectiveness of 5-AzaC and decitabine would be premature at this time. DNA hypomethylating agents show promise as monotherapies of myelodysplastic disorders and transformed leukemia and may be useful as a component of combination chemotherapy of various malignancies.

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