Integrating Operator Function in Work Domain Analysis of Electric Grid Operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1703-1707
Author(s):  
Ruixuan Li ◽  
Timothy R. McJunkin ◽  
Katya Le Blanc
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Operator Function ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Electric Grid ◽  
Ecological Interface Design ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Work Domain

The electric grid system is complex, and whether the failure of a subsystem can cascade through the whole system depends on the severity and the type of failures. Cascading failure analysis often uses Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the impacts to the system. Functional taxonomy can help researchers define the unexpected failures and events in the simulations systematically. Work domain analysis, a method in ecological interface design, describes a system at a functional level. Operators play an important role in electric grid operations, and understanding operators’ goals is crucial for modeling a cascading failure analysis. This paper describes an approach to integrate users’ goals (operator function) in the work domain analysis of electric grid operations. It can support not only the task analysis but also design affordances related to the goals, experience, and capabilities of users.

Testing a Novel Auditory Interface Display to Enable Visually Impaired Travelers to Use Sonar Mobility Devices Effectively

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Claire Davies ◽  
Catherine M. Burns ◽  
Shane D. Pinder
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Pilot Testing ◽  
Ecological Interface Design ◽  
Mobility Devices ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Work Domain

This paper discusses the pilot testing of an auditory interface designed to increase navigational ability of visually impaired individuals. Sonar devices have been developed to increase preview distances, but these have gained limited acceptance as they lack an easily interpreted interface. This paper presents usability testing of an auditory prototype interface developed using the work domain analysis of ecological interface design (EID). An interface design that provides the user with sufficient preview to avoid obstacles may offer more environmental information than the single tones of the current designs.

Ecological Interface Design in Aviation Domains: Work Domain Analysis and Instrumentation Availability of the Harvard Aircraft

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshanak Moradi Nadimian ◽  
Scott Griffiths ◽  
Catherine M. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Flight Test ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
Domain Model ◽  
Ecological Interface Design ◽  
Availability Analysis ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Ecological Interface ◽  
Work Domain

This paper applies Work Domain Analysis (WDA) to the aviation domain. We developed a two-dimensional work domain model of the Harvard aircraft as the primary phase of our Ecological Interface Design (EID) process. In contrast to previous work, we modelled the entire aircraft as the work domain. The work domain analysis was followed by an instrumentation availability analysis. We developed a model for the variables derived from the WDA to classify the state of those variables according to their availability and measurement. We also have the opportunity, in our future work, to flight test the ecological displays, something that has not occurred before.

Keeping the Lights On Across the Continent

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona F. Tran ◽  
Antony Hilliard ◽  
Greg A. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Ecological Interface Design ◽  
Monitoring Design ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Ecological Interface ◽  
Work Domain

Operators need new visualizations to help them monitor increasingly complex power grids at wider geographical scopes. We developed a work domain analysis of power grid operations from interviews, focus groups, and observations. The work domain analysis helped determine information requirements for a wide-area monitoring design concept that follows ecological interface design principles. We validated the design concept in a usability evaluation, achieving an above-benchmark System Usability Scale score of 77 out of 90. This work domain analysis and ecological interface design process will equally apply to the design of other power grid monitoring displays.

A Work Domain Analysis of Patient Monitoring in the Operating Room

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (14) ◽  
pp. 1038-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Hajdukiewicz ◽  
D. John Doyle ◽  
Paul Milgram ◽  
Kim J. Vicente ◽  
Catherine M. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Interface Design ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Work Domain

This paper presents a method for structuring the work domain of the anesthesiologist in the operating room, using Rasmussen's (1986) approach for work domain analysis. The goal of this research is to provide an integrated approach for patient monitoring by bridging the gap between physiological principles associated with the patient and clinical practice. Data were collected from literature reviews, discussions with anesthesiologists, operating room observations, and simulator sessions to develop the work domain representation. From this information, the work domain was structured using various levels of abstraction and decomposition, independent of any particular situation. Next, an analysis of the links between the operating room and the work domain was performed. The results indicated that this approach has useful insights for training and interface design. The approach provided a framework for representing the work domain as an invariant purpose-based structure for a constantly changing work environment.

Examining Cybersecurity of Cyberphysical Systems for Critical Infrastructures Through Work Domain Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 699-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Nathan Lau ◽  
Ryan M. Gerdes
Keyword(s):  
Interface Design ◽  
Domain Analysis ◽  
Critical Infrastructures ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Human Factors Engineering ◽  
Cyberphysical Systems ◽  
Uranium Enrichment ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Work Domain Analysis ◽  
Work Domain

Objective: The aim of this study was to apply work domain analysis for cybersecurity assessment and design of supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. Background: Adoption of information and communication technology in cyberphysical systems (CPSs) for critical infrastructures enables automated and distributed control but introduces cybersecurity risk. Many CPSs employ SCADA industrial control systems that have become the target of cyberattacks, which inflict physical damage without use of force. Given that absolute security is not feasible for complex systems, cyberintrusions that introduce unanticipated events will occur; a proper response will in turn require human adaptive ability. Therefore, analysis techniques that can support security assessment and human factors engineering are invaluable for defending CPSs. Method: We conducted work domain analysis using the abstraction hierarchy (AH) to model a generic SCADA implementation to identify the functional structures and means–ends relations. We then adopted a case study approach examining the Stuxnet cyberattack by developing and integrating AHs for the uranium enrichment process, SCADA implementation, and malware to investigate the interactions between the three aspects of cybersecurity in CPSs. Results: The AHs for modeling a generic SCADA implementation and studying the Stuxnet cyberattack are useful for mapping attack vectors, identifying deficiencies in security processes and features, and evaluating proposed security solutions with respect to system objectives. Conclusion: Work domain analysis is an effective analytical method for studying cybersecurity of CPSs for critical infrastructures in a psychologically relevant manner. Application: Work domain analysis should be applied to assess cybersecurity risk and inform engineering and user interface design.

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