scholarly journals COVID-19 and European carcerality: Do national prison policies converge when faced with a pandemic?

2021 ◽  
pp. 146247452110020
Author(s):  
Olga Zeveleva ◽  
José Ignacio Nazif-Munoz
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Event History ◽  
Policy Convergence ◽  
Foreign Population ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Prison Policy ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Multi Level

The article analyses an original dataset on policies adopted in 47 European countries between December 2019 and June 2020 to prevent coronavirus from spreading to prisons, applying event-history analysis. We answer two questions: 1) Do European countries adopt similar policies when tackling the COVID-19 pandemic in prisons? 2) What factors are associated with prison policy convergence or divergence? We analyze two policies we identified as common responses across prisons around the world: limitations on visitation rights for prisoners, and early releases of prisoners. We found that all states in our sample implemented bans on visits, showing policy convergence. Fewer countries (16) opted for early releases. Compared to the banning of visitation, early releases took longer to enact. We found that countries with prison overcrowding problems were quicker to release or pardon prisoners. When prisons were not overcrowded, countries with higher proportions of local nationals in their prisons were much faster to limit visits relative to prisons in which the foreign population was high. This research broadens our comparative understanding of European carcerality by moving the comparative line further East, taking into account multi-level governance of penality, and analyzing variables that emphasize the ‘society’ element of the ‘punishment and society’ nexus.

scholarly journals Co-ethnic marriage versus intermarriage among immigrants and their descendants: A comparison across seven European countries using event-history analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 487-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Hannemann ◽  
Hill Kulu ◽  
Leen Rahnu ◽  
Allan Puur ◽  
Mihaela Hărăguş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Event History ◽  
History Analysis

scholarly journals ‘Reserved Ratification’: An Analysis of States’ Entry of Reservations Upon Ratification of Human Rights Treaties

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 687-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Elko McKibben ◽  
Shaina D. Western
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Event History ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
Different Types

Governing elites often ratify human rights treaties, even when their policies do not align with those treaties’ obligations. This article argues that this can be explained by the fact that executives anticipate the potential challenges these treaties could raise vis-à-vis their domestic policies and enter different types of reservations when they ratify to head them off. The types of reservations they use depend on key characteristics of the executive’s policies and practices, as well as its relationship with the legislative and judicial branches. Domestic actors can raise different types of challenges against the executive depending on variations in these key factors. The types of reservations executives use will therefore vary depending on the specific challenges ratification raises for them. Using an original dataset of the reservations states entered on human rights treaties registered with the United Nations, and employing an event history analysis, this study shows that the particular challenges treaties present for executives in different types of states help explain variation in how they use reservations when they ratify human rights treaties.

Why do replies appear? A multi-level event history analysis of online policy discussions

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1484-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyu Zhang ◽  
Yipeng Xi ◽  
Anfan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Event History ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Time Varying Environment ◽  
Varying Environment ◽  
Policy Discussion ◽  
Response Behaviors

Participation takes time in both synchronous and asynchronous communication. To encourage participation, most scholars suggested strategies to change participants’ motivation to adjust the way how they distribute their time resources. We, instead, view time as an evolving environment with specific temporal norms. This study employed a multi-level event history model to explore what factors affect response behaviors in an online policy discussion forum. By proposing four time-constant individual post factors and four time-varying environment factors, and analyzing 1798 posts in the forum, the study found that both individual post and environment factors are significant predictors of online interactions in different time phases. Some interaction effects between individual post and environment factors were also found. Rather than merely focusing on participants’ resource to take part in online discussions, we suggest that future studies should examine how contextual constraints that change over time can influence response behaviors.

Event History Analysis in Demography

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-357
Author(s):  
Johannes Huinink
Keyword(s):  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Event History ◽  
History Analysis

From source-oriented databases to event-history data files: a twelve-step action plan for the analysis of individual and household life histories

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Onno Boonstra ◽  
Maarten Panhuysen
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Event History ◽  
Flat File ◽  
Event History Data ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Good Technique ◽  
Data Files ◽  
The Way

Population registers are recognised to be a very important source for demographic research, because it enables us to study the lifecourse of individuals as well as households. A very good technique for lifecourse analysis is event history analysis. Unfortunately, there are marked differences in the way the data are available in population registers and the way event history analysis expects them to be. The source-oriented approach of computing historical data calls for a ‘five-file structure’, whereas event history analysis only can handle fiat files. In this article, we suggest a series of twelve steps with which population register data can be transposed from a five-file structured database into a ‘flat file’ event history analysis dataset.

Gender Differences in the Link Between Marital Status and the Risk of Cognitive Impairment: Results From the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110241
Author(s):  
Yujin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Event History ◽  
Never Married ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Married Men ◽  
And Gender

In the context of South Korea, characterized by increasing population aging and a changing family structure, this study examined differences in the risk of cognitive impairment by marital status and investigated whether this association differs by gender. The data were derived from the 2006–2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. The sample comprised 7,568 respondents aged 45 years or older, who contributed 30,414 person-year observations. Event history analysis was used to predict the odds of cognitive impairment by marital status and gender. Relative to their married counterparts, never-married and divorced people were the most disadvantaged in terms of cognitive health. In addition, the association between marital status and cognitive impairment was much stronger for men than for women. Further, gender-stratified analyses showed that, compared with married men, never-married men had a higher risk of cognitive impairment, but there were no significant effects of marital status for women.

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