scholarly journals Evaluating the Scope of Malignant Bone Tumor Using ADC Measurement on ADC Map

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153303381985326
Author(s):  
Haisong Chen ◽  
Zengjie Wu ◽  
Wenjian Xu ◽  
Jing Pang ◽  
Meng Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Bone Tumor ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumor ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Vx2 Tumor ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping

Background: It is very important for surgeons to know the accurate borders of malignant bone tumors before they can precisely resect the tumors. The objective of the study is to investigate the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficient value for estimating the extent of malignant bone tumor. Methods: VX2 tumor fragments were implanted into the tibiae of 30 rabbits. After 4 weeks, magnetic resonance plain scans were performed and then tumor specimens were cut into sagittal sections and partitioned into histology slices for dot-to-dot comparisons with microscopic findings. The sizes of the tumors measured separately on specimen, conventional magnetic resonance imaging sequences, and diffusion-weighted imaging (by measuring apparent diffusion coefficient value on apparent diffusion coefficient mapping) were compared statistically with each other. Results: The mean tumor sizes measured on specimen and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping (by calculating apparent diffusion coefficient value) were 5.20 ± 0.89 cm and 5.31 ± 0.87 cm, respectively; there was no significant difference between the 2 ( P > .05). The tumor sizes measured on T1WI, T2WI, T2WI with fat suppression were 4.82 ± 0.87 cm, 5.58 ± 0.87 cm, 5.63 ± 0.85 cm, respectively, and these values were significantly different from that measured on specimen (5.20 ± 0.89 cm, P < .05). Conclusion: The extent of the VX2 malignant bone tumor can be estimated accurately by measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient value.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Diffusion W Imaging in Cerebral Fat Embolism

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.B. Marshall ◽  
V.R. Heale ◽  
L. Herx ◽  
A. Abdeen ◽  
L. Mrkonjic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Fat Embolism ◽  
Cytotoxic Edema ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Weighted Sequences ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping

The use of diffusion weighted imaging with apparent diffusion coefficient mapping in the diagnosis of cerebral fat embolism is shown here to demonstrate infarcts secondary to fat emboli more intensely than T2 weighted sequences 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. Embolic foci are hypointense on apparent diffusion coefficient mapping consistent with cytotoxic edema associated with cell death and restricted water diffusion. This technique increases the sensitivity for detecting cerebral fat embolism and offers a potentially important tool in its diagnosis.

Prediction of venous malformations with localized intravascular coagulopathy with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed AKA Razek ◽  
Germeen A Ashmalla
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Venous Malformations ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background Venous malformations may be complicated by localized intravascular coagulopathy which is a serious condition with hematological sequel. Prediction of localized intravascular coagulopathy is mandatory for prompt anticoagulation therapy. Laboratory and routine magnetic resonance imaging can predict localized intravascular coagulopathy in venous malformations; however, the results are variable. Purpose To predict venous malformations with localized intravascular coagulopathy with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Material and methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 55 patients (34 male, 21 female aged 14–64 years: mean 39 years) with venous malformations that underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The apparent diffusion coefficient value of venous malformations was calculated. Results The mean apparent diffusion coefficient value of venous malformations with localized intravascular coagulopathy (n = 26) (1.28 ± 0.18 × 10−3 mm2/s) was significantly different ( P = 0.001) from venous malformations without localized intravascular coagulopathy (n = 29) (1.60 ± 0.18 × 10−3 mm2/s). When apparent diffusion coefficient value of 1.454 × 10−3 mm2/s was used as a threshold value for the prediction of venous malformations with localized intravascular coagulopathy, the best result was obtained with an accuracy of 83.6%, sensitivity of 84.6%, specificity of 82.8%, and area under the curve of 0.895. The apparent diffusion coefficient value of venous malformations was correlated with D-dimer level ( r = −0.59, P = 0.006) and fibrinogen level ( r = 0.73, P = 0.001). Conclusion The apparent diffusion coefficient value is a non-invasive imaging parameter that can be used to predict venous malformations with localized intravascular coagulopathy.

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