Vector velocity estimation of blood flow – A new application in medical ultrasound

Vector flow techniques in the field of ultrasound encompass different pulse emission and estimation strategies. Numerous techniques have been introduced over the years, and recently commercial implementations usable in the clinic have been made. A number of clinical papers using different vector velocity approaches have been published. This review will give an overview of the most significant in vivo results achieved with ultrasound vector flow techniques, and will outline some of the possible clinical applications for vector velocity estimation in the future.

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Comparison of adaptive clutter filters for vector velocity estimation: Realistic simulations and in vivo examples

2019 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) ◽

10.1109/ultsym.2019.8925824 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Vincent Perrot ◽

Jorgen Avdal ◽

Herve Liebgott ◽

Ingvild Kinn Ekroll

Keyword(s):

Velocity Estimation ◽

Vector Velocity

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12B-3 Validation of Transverse Oscillation Vector Velocity Estimation In-Vivo

2007 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium Proceedings ◽

10.1109/ultsym.2007.276 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K.L. Hansen ◽

J. Udesen ◽

C. Thomsen ◽

J.A. Jensen ◽

M.B. Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Velocity Estimation ◽

Transverse Oscillation ◽

Vector Velocity

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In vivo 3-D vector velocity estimation with continuous data

2015 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS) ◽

10.1109/ultsym.2015.0235 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Simon Holbek ◽

Michael Johannes Pihl ◽

Caroline Ewertsen ◽

Michael Bachmann Nielsen ◽

Jorgen Arendt Jensen

Keyword(s):

Velocity Estimation ◽

Continuous Data ◽

Vector Velocity

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Examples of In Vivo Blood Vector Velocity Estimation

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.10.014 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 541-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Jesper Udesen ◽

Michael Bachmann Nielsen ◽

Kristina Rue Nielsen ◽

Jorgen Arendt Jensen

Keyword(s):

Velocity Estimation ◽

Vector Velocity

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2-D Kasai velocity estimation for Doppler optical coherence tomography / by Darren Morofke.

10.32920/ryerson.14646750 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Darren Morofke

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Frequency Estimation ◽

Doppler Frequency ◽

Velocity Estimation ◽

Low Flow ◽

Invasive Technique ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Detection Range

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution, non-invasive technique to image subsurface tissue and tissue functions. A broadband light source illuminates an object and the reflected photons are processed using an interferometer, demodulated into inphase and quadrature components and then digitized. The captured data contains information about the velocity of the moving scatterers but current Doppler estimation algorithms have a limited velocity detection range. Here we demonstrate Doppler OCT (DOCT) detection of in vivo of blood flow in a rat aorta with over 1 m/s peak velocity through an esophageal DOCT probe using a new processing technique. Previous methods have used a transverse Kasai (TK) autocorrelation estimation to estimate the velocity. By calculating the Kasai autocorrelation with a lag in the depth or axial direction, backscattered frequency information is obtained. Through subtraction with stationary backscattered information, the Doppler shift is obtained by the axial Kasai (AK) technique. Maximum non-aliased Doppler frequency estimation using a time domain DOCT system increased from +/-4 kHz to =+/-1.6 MHz. The TK has better velocity resolution in the low flow rate range and when combined with the AK we demonstrate a dynamic frequency range over 100 dB with a velocity detection range from 10 [micro]m/s to over 1 m/s. This velocity range spans from microcirculation to cardiac blood flow velocities.

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