Structural and functional markers of optic nerve damage in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis

Background Optic neuritis (ON) occurs in immune-mediated disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS), aquaporin-4 antibody-positive (AQP4) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated demyelination (MOGAD). Accurate determination of aetiology is critical for appropriate treatment and prognostication. Objective To evaluate demyelination and axonal loss in MOG-ON to facilitate differentiation from MS-ON and AQP4-ON. Methods 15 MOGAD patients with previous ON (25 eyes) underwent multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) recordings and optical coherence tomography scans. Comparison was made to previously reported MS patients ( n = 67, 69 eyes) and AQP4-NMOSD patients ( n = 15, 23 eyes) with prior ON and healthy controls ( n = 37, 74 eyes). Results MOG-ON patients had less retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) loss than AQP4-ON patients ( p < 0.05) and less mfVEP latency prolongation than MS-ON patients ( p < 0.01). Number of ON episodes in MOGAD was associated with reduced RNFL thickness (global, p = 0.07; temporal, p < 0.001) and mfVEP amplitude ( p < 0.001). There was no abnormality in non-ON eyes. Conclusions Our study demonstrated a distinct pattern of damage in MOG-ON compared to AQP4-ON and MS-ON. ON in MOGAD produces less axonal loss than AQP4-NMOSD. Damage accumulates with relapses, supporting the role of maintenance immunosuppression to induce remission. Compared to MS, MOGAD causes less demyelination.

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Retinal nerve fibre layer thickness by OCT3 provides direct assessment of axonal loss in optic neuritis and may help in the early diagnosis and progression analysis of multiple sclerosis

Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research ◽

10.4103/2320-3897.116842 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 137

Author(s):

Subhrangshu Sengupta ◽

Partha Biswas ◽

Chandrima Paul ◽

Ajoy Paul

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽

Axonal Loss ◽

Direct Assessment ◽

Fibre Layer ◽

Nerve Fibre Layer

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Optic nerve atrophy and retinal nerve fibre layer thinning following optic neuritis: Evidence that axonal loss is a substrate of MRI-detected atrophy

NeuroImage ◽

10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.11.051 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 286-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 111

Author(s):

S. Anand Trip ◽

Patricio G. Schlottmann ◽

Stephen J. Jones ◽

Wai-Yung Li ◽

David F. Garway-Heath ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optic Nerve ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽

Axonal Loss ◽

Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽

Fibre Layer ◽

Nerve Fibre Layer

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Is retinal nerve fibre layer thickness correlated with visual function in individuals having optic neuritis?

Clinical and Experimental Optometry ◽

10.1080/08164622.2021.1969213 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Abbas Ali Yekta ◽

Sara Sorouh ◽

Amir Asharlous ◽

Ali Mirzajani ◽

Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optic Neuritis ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Visual Function ◽

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽

Fibre Layer ◽

Nerve Fibre Layer

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Correlation of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness and Visual Evoked Potential in Optic Neuritis in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v10i2.23025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 156-161

Author(s):

Manita Sunam Godar ◽

Ananda Kumar Sharma ◽

Madhu Thapa ◽

Sanjeeta Sitaula ◽

Nita Sunam Gamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optic Neuritis ◽

Layer Thickness ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Visual Evoked Potential ◽

Evoked Potential ◽

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽

P Value ◽

Fibre Layer ◽

The Mean ◽

Nerve Fibre Layer

Introduction: Optic neuritis (ON) is the involvement of the optic nerve as a result of inflammation, demyelination or infection. Objective: To study the correlation between peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness (pRNFL) and visual evoked potential (VEP) in ON cases. Materials and Method: A non-interventional, descriptive, cross sectional study enrolling 66 eyes of 49 patients with ON was done. pRNFL thickness was measured by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and VEP was also done. OCT and VEP findings were compared with the control group. In addition correlation between pRNFL thickness and VEP was done. Results: The mean pRNFL in affected eyes were significantly higher than the control superiorly (p-value<0.001), inferiorly (p-value <0.001), temporally (p-value 0.005) and nasally (p-value <0.001). The mean P100 latency in the affected eyes were significantly prolonged than the control eyes both at 1º (p-value<0.001) and at 15’ (p-value=0.05). The mean N75-P100 amplitude in the affected eyes were significantly reduced than the control eyes both at 1º (p-value<0.001) and at 15’ (p-value<0.001). The mean pRNFL thickness in all four quadrants and VEP findings of the affected eyes showed no significant correlation. Conclusion: The increased thickness in non-myelinated pRNFL has no correlation with the increased latency or decreased amplitude in cases of ON. However, OCT is seen as a useful tool in detecting and quantifying even subtle pRNFL changes in cases of optic neuritis.

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Thickness of macular inner retinal layers and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer in neuromyelitis optica spectrum optic neuritis and isolated optic neuritis with one episode

Acta Ophthalmologica ◽

10.1111/aos.13257 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 583-590 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Chunxia Peng ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Quangang Xu ◽

Mo Yang ◽

Huangfen Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optic Neuritis ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Neuromyelitis Optica ◽

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽

Retinal Layers ◽

Fibre Layer ◽

Nerve Fibre Layer

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Degeneration of retinal layers in multiple sclerosis subtypes quantified by optical coherence tomography

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458512439237 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 1422-1429 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

P Albrecht ◽

M Ringelstein ◽

AK Müller ◽

N Keser ◽

T Dietlein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Optic Neuritis ◽

Nerve Fibre ◽

Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Primary Progressive ◽

Retinal Layers ◽

Fibre Layer ◽

History Of ◽

Nerve Fibre Layer

Background: Optical coherence tomography can be used to assess retinal degeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Thinning of the retinal nerve fibre layer and macular thickness have been well characterized, but newer devices allow quantification of all retinal layers. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the thickness of the paramacular retina, peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer, and deeper paramacular layers in MS patient subgroups, using state-of-the-art optical coherence tomography. Methods: Using a Heidelberg Engineering Spectralis device, we performed paramacular volumetric retinal scans and circular peripapillary fibre-layer scans, manually segmenting different retinal layers into single horizontal foveal scans in 95 patients with definite MS (42 relapsing–remitting, 41 secondary progressive, 12 primary progressive), plus 91 age- and sex-matched controls. Results: Even without a history of optic neuritis, all MS subgroups had significant thinning of the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer, the paramacular retinal thickness and the retinal ganglion cell- and inner plexiform layer. Only in primary progressive MS was the inner nuclear layer significantly reduced. Conclusions: Our findings indicate a primary retinal pathology involving the inner nuclear layer in primary progressive MS. Results in eyes without history of optic neuritis suggest possible subclinical episodes of optic neuritis or retrograde trans-synaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and their axons.

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