Acetaminophen Reduces Distrust in Individuals With Borderline Personality Disorder Features

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian D. Roberts ◽  
Ian Krajbich ◽  
Jennifer S. Cheavens ◽  
John V. Campo ◽  
Baldwin M. Way
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personality Assessment Inventory ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Trust Game ◽  
Placebo Condition ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties

People with borderline personality disorder (BPD) tend to distrust others. We hypothesized that acetaminophen might reduce distrust in people with high BPD features because disordered affective responses are partially responsible for the interpersonal difficulties of people with BPD features, and acetaminophen has been shown in multiple studies to reduce negative affect. Using a double-blind, parallel-arm design, 284 young adult participants were administered either acetaminophen (1,000 mg; acute) or placebo and subsequently completed an economic trust game. BPD features were assessed with the Personality Assessment Inventory–Borderline Features scale. Participants with elevated BPD features showed less trust in their partners in the placebo condition but increased trust in the acetaminophen condition. Acetaminophen did not change expectations of trustee’s trustworthiness and did not impact trusting behavior in participants low in BPD features. Our results indicate that acetaminophen may reduce the behavioral distrust exhibited at high levels of BPD features.

Attentional Tendencies That Impact Emotion Regulation Success Within a Borderline Personality Disorder Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Cheyene K. Horner ◽  
Eric S. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personality Assessment Inventory ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Interpersonal Context ◽  
Attentional Engagement

Emotion regulation difficulties are key to borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptomatology. Literature indicates that attentional distraction, particularly within an interpersonal context, is common in BPD. Conversely, reappraisal tactics are less prevalent. The goal of the current study was to examine whether this discrepancy is observed when individuals reporting varying levels of BPD tendencies are given the choice of a preferred emotion regulation tactic when confronted with BPD-relevant stressors. Attentional engagement patterns, affective responses, and strategy success were also examined. Participants (N = 103) reported BPD tendencies as assessed by the Personality Assessment Inventory and were instructed to choose either to “distract” or to “reappraise” in response to affective images. Results revealed more instances of failing to implement distraction among individuals with higher BPD tendencies, which was also reflected in greater fixation biases to distressing content within those images. Results are discussed in terms of the malleability of emotion regulation in BPD contexts.

Assessment of Borderline Personality Disorder Using the MMPI-2 and the Personality Assessment Inventory

Assessment ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia J. Bell-Pringle ◽  
James L. Pate ◽  
Robert C. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Personality Assessment Inventory ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Student Control

The usefulness of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and the. Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) in the classification of patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) was investigated. Twenty-two female inpatients diagnosed as having BPD and 22 female student control participants participated in the study. Those who scored 70 or above on the Borderline Features ( BOR) scale of the PAI were classified as BPD. For the MMPI-2, participants with profile configurations of 8-4-2, 8-2-4, 8-4-7, or 8-2-7 were classified as BPD. Eighty-two percent of the patients and 77% of the students were classified correctly using the PAI, whereas 9% of the patients and 95% of the students were classified correctly based on the MMPI-2. The discriminant function for the selected scales of the PAI classified 8G% of the participants correctly, and the discriminant function for the selected scales of the MMPI-2 classified 84% of the participants correctly. This suggests that both tests include items that discriminate between the two groups. Overall, the classification of participants based on the BOR scale of the PAI was more accurate than the classification of participants using the profile configurations of the MMPI-2. Implications for the assessment of BPD are discussed.

scholarly journals Exploring nonverbal synchrony in borderline personality disorder: A double‐blind placebo‐controlled study using oxytocin

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Ramseyer ◽  
Andreas Ebert ◽  
Patrik Roser ◽  
Marc‐Andreas Edel ◽  
Wolfgang Tschacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Nonverbal Synchrony

Understanding Interpersonal Dysfunction in Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemarie Miano ◽  
Isabel Dziobek ◽  
Stefan Roepke
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Empathic Accuracy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
The Core ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Interpersonal Dysfunction

The core interpersonal dysfunction in borderline personality disorder (BPD) has not yet been conclusively explained. We used a naturalistic dyadic paradigm to test for the presence of functional empathic inaccuracy in BPD, which is a reduced understanding of the partner’s feelings in relationship-threatening situations. A total of 64 heterosexual couples ( N = 128) were videotaped while engaging in (a) neutral (favorite films), (b) personally threatening (personal fears), and (c) relationship-threatening (separation from partner) conversations. Females were either diagnosed with BPD or healthy controls. Empathic accuracy (EA) was measured from the recorded interactions. Healthy couples’ EA was lower during relationship-threatening compared with personally threatening situations. In contrast, women with BPD showed increased EA, relative to the controls, for relationship- versus personally threatening situations. Reduced EA in response to relationship-threatening situations is likely to be relationship protective. This mechanism appears to be defective in women with BPD, which might explain the interpersonal difficulties experienced by BPD individuals.

Pharmacological Interventions for Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Silk
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Meta Analyses

Although no medication is indicated to specifically treat symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD), medications are used frequently in the treatment of patients with BPD. This chapter reviews a number of reasons why medications are frequently prescribed in this patient population, then goes on to discuss eight systematic reviews or meta-analyses of 23 double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trials of the psychopharmacologic treatment of patients with BPD. The author attempts to make some sense of these reviews, which at times come to different conclusions despite examining essentially the same dataset. The chapter also addresses how to proceed with and manage the psychopharmacologic treatment of patients with BPD.

Aggressive Behavior and Interpersonal Difficulties in Borderline Personality Disorder

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori N. Scott ◽  
Paul A. Pilkonis
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Case Formulation ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Monitoring Progress

Interpersonal problems are among the most severely impairing, difficult-to-manage, and intransigent of borderline personality disorder (BPD) features and therefore require special attention in treatment. Emotion dysregulation and related mood-dependent behaviors among individuals with BPD typically occur in the context of interpersonally relevant events or stressors, signifying the central role of interpersonal and attachment-related concerns for these patients. Two prominent interpersonal themes in those with BPD are discussed: interpersonal hypersensitivity and angry or aggressive behavior. The chapter provides a brief case illustration of how these themes might emerge in psychotherapy and recommends explicit assessment of interpersonal problems and aggression to enhance risk evaluation, case formulation, treatment planning, and monitoring progress in treatment.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Functioning in Borderline Personality Disorder Traits: A Social Media Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinnie Ooi ◽  
John Michael ◽  
Sakari Lemola ◽  
Stephen Butterfill ◽  
Cynthia S. Q. Siew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis is the first study to demonstrate interpersonal difficulties associated with borderline personality disorder (BPD) features in the domain of social media. Using crowdsourcing, we presented participants with a battery of questions about their recent social media use, and then assessed their BPD features using the short form of the Five-Factor Borderline Inventory. The results revealed that individuals with higher BPD trait scores reported posting more often on social media, as well as a higher incidence of experiencing regret after posting on social media, and of deleting or editing their posts. They also report a higher degree of importance of social media in their social behavior and daily routines. These results highlight the pervasiveness of interpersonal difficulties associated with BPD features even in the non-clinical population, and demonstrate that these difficulties are also observable in social media behavior. Our findings may provide a starting point for research using data from social media to illuminate the cognitive and emotional processes underpinning the interpersonal difficulties associated with BPD features, and to inform and assess therapeutic interventions.

Psychopharmacology of Personality Disorders

2012 ◽  
pp. 712-726
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Silk ◽  
Louis Feurino
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The purpose of this chapter is to review the literature concerning the psychopharmacology of personality disorders. We first review the double-blind placebo-controlled pharmacologic studies of all the personality disorders, except for borderline personality disorder (BPD). Attention is then focused on BPD. While there have been many open-labeled studies, there are fewer than 30 randomized-controlled trials even for this personality disorder. The section on borderline personality disorder will conclude with guidance as to how to think about the management of the actual pharmacologic treatment of this disorder, including matters such as dosage, lethality, augmentation, and avoiding polypharmacy. We conclude with a discussion of the obstacles hampering the development of a more substantial database that could provide guidance and direction.

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