Native American Independent Living

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Anna Clay

The question of whether independent living (IL) services can be provided to Native Americans with disabilities living on reservations is introduced. Native American history is briefly reviewed. The cultural and practical connections and obstacles to implementing several key components of the IL philosophy are discussed. An actualizing process – one that recognizes the tremendous diversity across reservations and individuals – is discussed as one method for merging these two perspectives and implementing IL services on reservations. This is only the start of a process which will be developed to examine the need for a model which addresses the issues and problems facing American Indians with disabilities.

Diksi ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asih Sigit Padmanugraha

Black Elk Speaks merupakan karya sastra bergenre biografi yang ditulisoleh John G. Neihardt berdasarkan cerita lisan dari Black Elk, seorang Sioux yanghidup pada akhir abad ke-19. Sebagai sebuah epik dalam sastra Indian Amerika,karya ini merefleksikan kebenaran sejarah yang selama ini dihilangkan dalamsejarah Amerika oleh bangsa Kulit Putih. Salah satunya keberadaan perang danksatria, yang selalu diidentikkan dengan hal yang negatif dan bersifat merusak.Oleh karenanya, artikel ini berusaha mengekplorasi makna perang yangsesungguhnya bagi ksatria bangsa Indian Sioux di dalam Black Elk Speaks.Perang memang tidak bisa dipisahkan dengan bangsa Indian karena sudahmerupakan tradisi budaya: sebagai inisiasi menuju kedewasaan, membalasdendam, dan mendapatkan status social. Perang ini disebut perang antar suku yangmelibatkan para kstaria secara individu dan senjata yang digunakan pun sederhanasehingga tidak merusak, misalnya bila dibandingkan dengan peperangan yangdilakukan oleh bangsa Kulit Putih. Makna perang yang kedua adalah perangdalam mempertahankan wilayah mereka dari invasi Kulit Putih, dalam perang inimereka melawan tentara Amerika. Selain itu mereka bertahan hidup melawankelaparan dan juga mempertahankan kelangsungan bangsa Sioux atau bangsaIndian Amerika pada umumnya sebagaimana disimbolkan dalam perlindunganterhadap ibu dan anak-anak.Pada akhirnya, dalam Black Elk Speaks tercermin bahwa konsep perangdan ksatria bangsa Indian Amerika yang selama ini ada adalah tidak benarsebagaimana digambarkan oleh bangsa Kulit Putih. Justru perang yang dilakukanoleh bangsa Kulit Putih lebih merusak dan berbahaya dan ini terbukti dengankehancuran bangsa Sioux sebagai benteng terakhir peradaban bangsa Indian diAmerika sebagaimana tercermin dalam Black Elk Speaks.Kata Kunci: Black Elk Speaks, perang, ksatria, bangsa Indian Sioux.AbstrakA. INTRODUCTION Einstadt’s suggestion seems to beNo one would oppose the idea saying proper that, especially in popular culture, thethat Native Americans play considerable roles Native American’s images are to fulfill thein American history. Unfortunately, many white men’s need. Bird (1996:2) states that theAmerican historical documents give a little Native American’s myths, such as Pocahontas,attention on the American Indians. Einstadt are White mainstream myths (1996:2).proposes a thought that their existence are Furthermore, McDonald in Shape-Shifting:frequently absent from the American history Images of Native Americans in Recent Popular(1987:17), and because of which, probably, the Fiction (2000) and Mary Anne Weston in Nativestereotyped images of the Indians develop. American in the News: Images of Indians in the


Ethnohistory ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
William A. Starna ◽  
Frederick E. Hoxie ◽  
Bruce G. Trigger ◽  
Wilcomb E. Washburn

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 542-545
Author(s):  
Jean M. O’Brien

Abstract David Silverman offers a critical appraisal of two prizewinning works in Native American and Indigenous studies (NAIS), Our Beloved Kin: A New History of King Philip’s War, by Lisa Brooks, and Memory Lands: King Philip’s War and the Place of Violence in the Northeast, by Christine M. DeLucia. Silverman’s review treats the methodology associated with NAIS with some skepticism, offering the opportunity for a lively discussion about the merits and perils of community-engaged history scholarship. Four scholars of Native American history, including DeLucia, respond, defending new approaches to Indigenous history represented by these recent works.


1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Harold W. Young ◽  
Christopher Vecsey ◽  
Robert W. Venables

PMLA ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 982-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Peterson

The deconstruction of history by poststructuralists and some philosophers of history has occurred at the moment when women and indigenous peoples have begun to write their own historical accounts. Louise Erdrich's historical novel, Tracks, brings into focus the necessity and the difficulties of writing Native American history in a postmodern epoch. The novel addresses two crucial issues: the referential value of history (If it is impossible to know the past fully, is it impossible to know the past at all?) and the status of history as narrative (If history is just a story, how is it possible to discriminate between one story and another?). Erdrich's novel suggests the need for indigenous histories to counter the dominant narrative, in which the settling of America is “progress,” but also works toward a new historicity that is neither a simple return to historical realism nor a passive acceptance of postmodern historical fictionality.


2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-532
Author(s):  
Christine M. DeLucia

Abstract David Silverman offers a critical appraisal of two prizewinning works in Native American and Indigenous studies (NAIS), Our Beloved Kin: A New History of King Philip’s War, by Lisa Brooks, and Memory Lands: King Philip’s War and the Place of Violence in the Northeast, by Christine M. DeLucia. Silverman’s review treats the methodology associated with NAIS with some skepticism, offering the opportunity for a lively discussion about the merits and perils of community-engaged history scholarship. Four scholars of Native American history, including DeLucia, respond, defending new approaches to Indigenous history represented by these recent works.


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