scholarly journals The BAF53a subunit of SWI/SNF-like BAF complexes is essential for hemopoietic stem cell function

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (24) ◽  
pp. 4720-4732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veneta Krasteva ◽  
Manuel Buscarlet ◽  
Abigail Diaz-Tellez ◽  
Marie-Anne Bernard ◽  
Gerald R. Crabtree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Hemopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Conditional Deletion ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
A Subunit

Abstract ATP-dependent SWI/SNF-like BAF chromatin remodeling complexes are emerging as key regulators of embryonic and adult stem cell function. Particularly intriguing are the findings that specialized assemblies of BAF complexes are required for establishing and maintaining pluripotent and multipotent states in cells. However, little is known on the importance of these complexes in normal and leukemic hemopoiesis. Here we provide the first evidence that the actin-related protein BAF53a, a subunit of BAF complexes preferentially expressed in long-term repopulating stem cells, is essential for adult hemopoiesis. Conditional deletion of BAF53a resulted in multilineage BM failure, aplastic anemia, and rapid lethality. These severe hemopoietic defects originate from a proliferative impairment of BM HSCs and progenitors and decreased progenitor survival. Using hemopoietic chimeras, we show that the impaired function of BAF53a-deficient HSCs is cell-autonomous and independent of the BM microenvironment. Altogether, our studies highlight an unsuspected role for BAF chromatin remodeling complexes in the maintenance of HSC and progenitor cell properties.

scholarly journals Characterizing the role of SWI/SNF-related chromatin remodeling complexes in planarian regeneration and stem cell function

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toria Trost ◽  
Jessica Haines ◽  
Austin Dillon ◽  
Brittany Mersman ◽  
Mallory Robbins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Planarian Regeneration ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes

Loss of FancC Function Results in Decreased Hematopoietic Stem Cell Repopulating Ability

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. Haneline ◽  
Troy A. Gobbett ◽  
Rema Ramani ◽  
Madeleine Carreau ◽  
Manuel Buchwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Test Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Murine Homologue ◽  
Complex Genetic Disorder

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a complex genetic disorder characterized by progressive bone marrow (BM) aplasia, chromosomal instability, and acquisition of malignancies, particularly myeloid leukemia. We used a murine model containing a disruption of the murine homologue ofFANCC (FancC) to evaluate short- and long-term multilineage repopulating ability of FancC −/− cells in vivo. Competitive repopulation assays were conducted where “test”FancC −/− or FancC +/+ BM cells (expressing CD45.2) were cotransplanted with congenic competitor cells (expressing CD45.1) into irradiated mice. In two independent experiments, we determined that FancC −/− BM cells have a profound decrease in short-term, as well as long-term, multilineage repopulating ability. To determine quantitatively the relative production of progeny cells by each test cell population, we calculated test cell contribution to chimerism as compared with 1 × 105 competitor cells. We determined that FancC −/− cells have a 7-fold to 12-fold decrease in repopulating ability compared with FancC +/+cells. These data indicate that loss of FancC function results in reduced in vivo repopulating ability of pluripotential hematopoietic stem cells, which may play a role in the development of the BM failure in FA patients. This model system provides a powerful tool for evaluation of experimental therapeutics on hematopoietic stem cell function.

scholarly journals Nfatc1’s Role in Mammary Epithelial Morphogenesis and Basal Stem/progenitor Cell Self-renewal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa McNeil ◽  
Yingying Han ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Kazuhide Watanabe ◽  
Jun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Epithelial Morphogenesis ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Self Renewal

AbstractMammary gland is an outstanding system to study the regulatory mechanisms governing adult epithelial stem cell activity. Stem cells in the basal layer of the mammary gland fuel the morphogenesis and regeneration of a complex epithelial network during development and upon transplantation. The self-renewal of basal stem/progenitor cells is subjected to regulation by both cell-intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Nfatc1 is a transcription factor that regulates breast tumorigenesis and metastasis, but its role in mammary epithelial development and stem cell function has not been investigated. Here we show that Nfatc1 is expressed in a small subset of mammary basal epithelial cells and its epithelial-specific deletion results in mild defects in side branching and basal-luminal cell balance. Moreover, Nfatc1-deficient basal cells exhibit reduced colony forming ability in vitro and somewhat compromised regenerative potential upon transplantation. Thus, our study provides evidence for a detectable yet non-essential role of Nfatc1 in mammary epithelial morphogenesis and basal stem/progenitor cell self-renewal.

scholarly journals Adipose Stem Cell Function Maintained with Age: An Intra-Subject Study of Long-Term Cryopreserved Cells

2016 ◽  
pp. sjw197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Kokai ◽  
Dmitry O. Traktuev ◽  
Liyong Zhang ◽  
Stephanie Merfeld-Clauss ◽  
Gabriella DiBernardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Adipose Stem Cell

scholarly journals Effects of Cryopreservation Duration on the Outcome of Single-Unit Cord Blood Transplantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang-Her Jaing ◽  
Shih-Hsiang Chen ◽  
Yu-Chuan Wen ◽  
Tsung-Yen Chang ◽  
Ya-Chun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Cord Blood Transplantation ◽  
Blood Transplantation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transplantation Outcomes ◽  
Neutrophil Engraftment

Cryopreservation is widely used in umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking, yet its impact on progenitor cell function remains largely unaddressed. It is unknown whether long-term cryopreservation affects UCB transplantation outcomes. Herein, we evaluated the impact of UCB age on clinical outcomes and investigated the effect of cryopreservation duration of UCB on hematopoietic potency in 91 patients receiving single cord blood transplantations. UCB cryopreservation duration was 0.7 to 13.4 y. The most common indication of transplant was thalassemia (48%). There was no significant association between cryopreservation duration and neutrophil engraftment probability ( P = 0.475). Cryopreservation duration did not affect the post-thaw viability and subsequent neutrophil engraftment rate. Therefore, UCB units can undergo cryopreservation for at least 8 y with no impact on clinical outcomes.

Assessment of bone marrow stem cell reserve and function and stromal cell function in patients with autoimmune cytopenias

Blood ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 3272-3275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen A. Papadaki ◽  
Frances M. Gibson ◽  
Sian Rizzo ◽  
Edward C. Gordon-Smith ◽  
Judith C. W. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Resistant Disease ◽  
Cell Assays ◽  
Factor Data ◽  
Autoimmune Cytopenias ◽  
And Function

Abstract To investigate whether bone marrow (BM) stem cell compartment and/or BM microenvironment are affected by the immune insult in autoimmune cytopenias (AICs), BM stem cell reserve and function and BM stromal function were studied in 15 AIC patients. Stem cells were evaluated by means of flow cytometry, clonogenic progenitor cell assays, long-term BM cultures (LTBMCs), and limiting dilution assay for quantification of long-term–culture initiating cells (LTC-ICs). Stromal cell function was assessed with the use of preformed irradiated LTBMCs from patients and normal controls, recharged with normal CD34+ cells. AIC patients exhibited a high number of CD34+, CD34+/CD38+, and CD34+/CD38− cells; high frequency of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units in the BM mononuclear cell fraction; high colony recovery in LTBMCs; and normal LTC-IC frequency. Patient BM stromal layers displayed normal hematopoietic-supporting capacity and increased production of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. Data from this study support the concept that AIC patients with severe, resistant disease might be appropriate candidates for autologous stem cell transplantation.

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