Direct Myeloma Cell Invasion as One of the Major Causes of Renal Impairment In Myeloma A Pathological Analysis of Renal Findings In 41 Autopsied Cases

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 5001-5001
Author(s):  
Amane Tagashira ◽  
Junichiro Takano ◽  
Shotaro Hagiwara ◽  
Makoto Mochizuki ◽  
Hisako Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Cell Invasion ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Plasma Cell Tumor ◽  
Cast Nephropathy ◽  
Tumor Involvement

Abstract Abstract 5001 Background: Renal insufficiency is one of the main complications in myeloma patients. Various causes were reported to be responsible for renal damage. Through analysis of an autopsied cases we would show the diversity of the renal diseases in myeloma. Methods: We studied 41 autopsied myeloma cases from 1979 to 2008 at the National Center for Global Health and Medicine. The kidneys were evaluated by light microscopy using hematoxilin-eosin-stained sections, as well as Congo-red stain when amyloidosis was suspected. Results: There were 21 men and 20 women. Mean age at autopsy was 64.5 years old. The most common lesion was cast nephropathy (41.5%). The giant cell invasion was found in 35.3% of patients with cast nephropathy. Plasma cell tumor involvement was detected in 29.3% of all 41 autopsied cases. Fourteen per cent of cases had both cast nephropathy and plasma cell tumor involvement. In 75.6% of the patients, arteriosclerosis was found. In addition, 32% of the patients had the glomerular sclerosis which involved more than 20% of the glomerulus. Other findings include acute tubular necrosis (31.7%), AL-amyloidosis (19.5%), renal calcification (17.1%), bacterial and fungal infection (7.7%), micro thrombo-embolism (7.7%), mesangial proliferation (4.9%). At least one of above findings were detected in all cases and combined findings were detected in 65.9% cases. Conclusion: We evaluated the renal manifestations in 41 autopsied cases in detail. In all cases, at least one pathological finding was detected. Cast nephropathy was the most common renal manifestation. However, direct myeloma cell invasion was found in 29.3% and combined pathologic findings were common. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

DETERMINING OF MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY IN NEPHROLOGICAL PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
L. B. Lysenko ◽  
N. V. Chebotareva ◽  
N. N. Mrykhin ◽  
V. V. Rameev ◽  
T. V. Androsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Hematological Neoplasms ◽  
Cast Nephropathy ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Light Chain Disease ◽  
Kidney Involvement ◽  
Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Electrophoresis Of Proteins

BACKGROUND. Мonoclonal gammopathy (MG) is not only the state preceding of hematological neoplasms, but also associated with non- hematological diseases, in particular damage of kidneys. Earlier diagnosis of MG represents an important area in treating patients with renal diseases associated with MG. THE AIM: To determine the frequency of MG among therapeutic and nephrological patients for optimization of methods of their diagnosis and treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In common, 11392 patients were analyzed within 4 years (2013-2016). The standard clinical examination was conducted. Method of an electrophoresis of proteins of serum of blood and the 24-hour urine, method of immunofixation of proteins of serum and urine, and method of free light chains definition in serum (Freelite) were used for MG identification. RESULTS: MG is diagnosed in 174 of 11392 patients: 49 % of men and 51 % of women aged from 18 up to 85 years. MG was found 2.1 times more often in nephrological patient than in patients of therapeutic departments. Among patients of this group, AL-amyloidosis with kidney involvement was diagnosed in 41 %, cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis – in 18 %, chronic glomerulonephritis – in 35 %, also there was small number of patients with light chain disease and cast-nephropathy. 86 % of nephrological patients had less than 5 g/l of monoclonal protein that corresponds oligo secretory MG, and at 46 % from them – less than 1 g/l, other 10 % had MG of 5-10 g/l, and only in 4.42 % of patients MG more 10g/l was defined. CONCLUSION: We conclude that MG, especially oligo secretory form, play a significant role in pathogenesis of renal damage. It is important to apply sensitive methods – immunofixation of proteins and method «Freelite» for nephrological patients.

scholarly journals THE INTRACELLULAR DISTRIBUTION OF GAMMA GLOBULIN IN A MOUSE PLASMA CELL TUMOR (X5563) AS REVEALED BY FLUORESCENCE AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

1962 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Rifkind ◽  
Elliott F. Osserman ◽  
Konrad C. Hsu ◽  
Councilman Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Secretory Process ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Mouse Plasma ◽  
Plasma Cell Tumor ◽  
Antibody Staining ◽  
Fluorescence And Electron Microscopy

Ferritin- and fluorescein-conjugated antibody staining has been applied to a study of a mouse plasma cell tumor. The presence of myeloma globulin within cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum was observed at a stage of the secretory process when the remainder of the cytoplasm was essentially free of labeled globulin. The distribution of ferritin suggested a functional heterogeneity among units of the endoplasmic reticulum. Apparently, progressive accumulation of globulin results in distension of the endoplasmic reticulum and, occasionally, in the appearance of considerable quantities of this secretory protein in the extracisternal cytoplasmic matrix. Participation of the Golgi apparatus in the packaging and release of small quantitites of globulin seems likely. In addition, however, fragmentation of the peripheral cytoplasm with rupture of distended ergastoplasmic vesicles appeared to be another pathway whereby globulin is secreted.

Localized AL Amyloidosis of the Breast: A Case Series.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 4906-4906
Author(s):  
Marjory Charlot ◽  
David C. Seldin ◽  
Carl O'Hara ◽  
Martha Skinner ◽  
Vaishali Sanchorawala
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
Plasma Cell Dyscrasia ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Amyloid Deposits

Abstract Abstract 4906 AL amyloidosis is characterized by widespread, progressive deposition of fibrillar amyloid protein derived from monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains, leading to organ failure and death. This disease is typically systemic, however, it can occur as a localized form. In localized amyloidosis, the deposits occur near the site of synthesis of the precursor protein and in some cases, plasma cells have been demonstrated histologically adjacent to the deposits. For unknown reasons, the tracheobronchial tree is the most common site for localized AL amyloidosis. Localized AL amyloidosis of the breast is a rare entity that has been described in the literature in isolated case reports. It can present as a palpable mass or as calcifications on routine screening mammography. We report here a case series of seven women (median age 63 years, range 46 to75) seen and evaluated at Boston University Medical Center from 1990-2008. We evaluated 1502 new patients with AL amyloidosis in this time period, making the incidence of localized AL amyloidosis of the breast to be 0.5% at a single referral center. All seven patients had abnormal screening mammography with calcifications, and biopsies that revealed Congo red positive amyloid deposits. Histologically, the amyloid deposits appeared as amorphous material in the stroma around the ducts and lobules in most patients; one patient had amyloid deposits in the ducts only, but not in the stroma. None of the patients had clinical or laboratory evidence of other organ involvement, all had negative Congo red staining of an abdominal fat pad aspirate, and all had a negative work up for a plasma cell dyscrasia or circulating paraprotein. The patients were treated with local excision of the regions of calcification or lumpectomy. Three out of seven patients underwent routine follow up within 6-12 months from the time of diagnosis with no evidence of disease recurrence or progression to systemic AL amyloidosis. One out of seven patients had bilateral and recurrent amyloidosis of the breasts and was found to have an associated stage I invasive ductal adenocarcinoma that was treated with lumpectomy and radiation. In summary, breast amyloidosis is rare, is not associated with a systemic plasma cell dyscrasia or amyloidosis in other organs, and can be treated surgically. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals The bone marrow of multiple myeloma patients contains B cell populations at different stages of differentiation that are clonally related to the malignant plasma cell.

1993 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Billadeau ◽  
G Ahmann ◽  
P Greipp ◽  
B Van Ness
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Growth Fraction ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Plasma Cell Tumor

One of the distinguishing features of multiple myeloma (MM) is the proliferation of a clonal plasma cell population in the bone marrow (BM). It is of particular interest that the tumor plasma cells appear to be restricted to the microenvironment of the BM and are rarely detected in the peripheral system, yet the disease is found widely disseminated throughout the axial skeleton. Furthermore, isolation of MM tumor cell lines has proven to be quite problematic due to their slow growth rate. These observations have instigated the search for earlier cells in the B cell lineage that are clonally related to the plasma cell tumor and that may represent the growth fraction of the tumor. We used allele-specific oligonucleotides (ASO) derived from the third complementarity determining region of the rearranged tumor immunoglobulin heavy chain gene to detect isotypes clonally related to the plasma cell tumor. By reverse transcribing RNA from the BM with a panel of CH primers (mu, delta, alpha, and gamma), followed by ASO-polymerase chain reaction amplification, we demonstrate the existence of preswitch isotype species that are clonally related to the myeloma tumor. Furthermore, we show that separation of the BM cells into CD45+ and CD38+ cell populations results in a lineage-specific expression of the clonally related RNA molecules, with the C mu and C delta in the CD45+, and C gamma in the CD38+ population. Interestingly, clonally related C alpha transcripts are also derived from the CD45+ fraction. These results confirm the presence of B cell populations clonally related to the plasma cell tumor and are consistent with models that propose the existence of myeloma precursors.

PLASMA-CELL TUMOR OF THE BREAST WITH METASTASES

1934 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
CONDICT W. CUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cell Tumor

scholarly journals Mediastinal Plasma Cell Tumor in a Sheep

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pérez ◽  
A. Méndez ◽  
I. Luque ◽  
E. Mozos
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Plasma Cell Tumor

scholarly journals THE FORMATION OF MYELOMA PROTEIN BY A MOUSE PLASMA CELL TUMOR

1958 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Nathans ◽  
John L. Fahey ◽  
Michael Potter
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Myeloma Protein ◽  
Mouse Plasma ◽  
Plasma Cell Tumor ◽  
Myeloma Proteins

The origin of the myeloma protein found in mice bearing the plasma cell tumor X5563 has been investigated. Specific activity-time curves of the myeloma proteins isolated from the tumor and from the plasma of these animals were compared following intravenous injection of L-lysine-C14. The results indicate that myeloma protein is synthesized in the plasma cell tumor.

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