Models for Access to Maternal Smoking cessation Support (MAMSS): a study protocol of a quasi-experiment to increase the engagement of pregnant women who smoke in NHS Stop Smoking Services

Introduction:There is wide variation in the success rates of practitioners employed to help smokers to stop, even once a range of potential confounding factors has been taken into account.Aim:This paper examined whether personality characteristics of practitioners might play a role success rates.Methods:Data from 1,958 stop-smoking treatment episodes in two stop-smoking services (SSS) involving 19 stop-smoking practitioners were used in the analysis. The outcome measure was clients’ biochemically verified quit status 4 weeks after the target quit date. The five dimensions of personality, as assessed by the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, were included as predictor variables: openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, and neuroticism. A range of client and other practitioner characteristics were used as covariates. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine if managers' ratings of practitioner personality were also associated with clients’ quit status.Results:Multi-level random intercept models indicated that clients of practitioners with a higher extraversion score had greater odds of being abstinent at four weeks (self-assessed: OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01–1.19; manager-assessed: OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.21–1.44).Conclusions:More extraverted stop smoking practitioners appear to have greater success in advising their clients to quit smoking. Findings need to be confirmed in larger practitioner populations, other SSS, and in different smoking cessation contexts. If confirmed, specific training may be needed to assist more introverted stop smoking practitioners.

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Slimming World in Stop Smoking Services (SWISSS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/1745-6215-14-182 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Deborah Lycett ◽

Paul Aveyard ◽

Andrew Farmer ◽

Amanda Lewis ◽

Marcus Munafò

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Stop Smoking Services

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Design and study protocol of the maternal smoking cessation during pregnancy study, (M-SCOPE)

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-11-903 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andriani N Loukopoulou ◽

Constantine I Vardavas ◽

George Farmakides ◽

Christos Rossolymos ◽

Charalambos Chrelias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Maternal Smoking

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Feasibility and Acceptability of ‘Opt-In’ Referrals for Stop Smoking Support in Pregnancy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16081358 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. 1358 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katarzyna Anna Campbell ◽

Sophie Orton ◽

Katharine Bowker ◽

Sue Cooper ◽

Tim Coleman

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Qualitative Interviews ◽

Service Evaluation ◽

Minimal Impact ◽

Additional Information ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Opt Out ◽

Stop Smoking Services ◽

Training And Support ◽

New Procedures

Background: International guidelines recommend that following an early-pregnancy ‘opt-out’ referral for smoking cessation support, pregnant women who smoke should also be offered referrals at subsequent antenatal appointments (‘opt-in’ referrals). We assessed feasibility and acceptability of introducing ‘opt-in’ self-referral forms to stop smoking services (SSS) in antenatal clinics. Method: A ‘before–after’ service evaluation and qualitative interviews. ‘Opt-in’ self-referral forms were distributed by reception staff to women attending antenatal ultrasound appointments. We collected hospital/SSS data for the study period and a comparison period 12 months prior. Reception staff were interviewed and data analyzed thematically. Results: Over 6500 women entered antenatal care in each period; ~15% smoked and ~50% of those who smoked were referred to SSS at their first appointment. In the study period, 17.4% of women completed ‘opt-in’ forms. Of these 17.3% smoked, and 23.1% of those who smoked requested a referral. The staff thought new procedures had minimal impact on workload, but were easy to forget. They believed the pathway would be better delivered by midwifery staff, with additional information/advice to improve engagement. Conclusions: ‘Opt-in’ referrals in later pregnancy result in significant numbers of women who smoke indicating interest in smoking cessation support. Additional training and support is necessary to motivate reception staff to oversee self-referral pen-and-paper procedures effectively.

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A Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing Adherence among Pregnant Women Taking Part in a Trial of E-Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020430 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 430

Author(s):

Allison Ford ◽

Isabelle Uny ◽

Judith Lowes ◽

Felix Naughton ◽

Sue Cooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Theoretical Domains Framework ◽

Telephone Interviews ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Pregnant Smokers ◽

Intervention Adherence ◽

In Pregnancy

Use of e-cigarettes (vaping) has potential to help pregnant women stop smoking. This study explored factors influencing adherence among participants in the vaping arm of the first trial of vaping for smoking cessation in pregnancy. We conducted semi-structured telephone interviews (n = 28) with women at three-months postpartum. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis, informed by the Theoretical-Domains Framework, Necessity-Concerns Framework and Perceptions and Practicalities Approach. Interviewees generally reported high levels of vaping. We found that: (1) intervention adherence was driven by four necessity beliefs—stopping smoking for the baby, and vaping for harm reduction, smoking cessation or as a last resort; (2) necessity beliefs outweighed vaping concerns, such as dependence and safety; (3) adherence was linked to four practicalities themes, acting as barriers and facilitators to vaping—device and e-liquid perceptions, resources and support, whether vaping became habitual, and social and environmental factors; and (4) intentional non-adherence was rare; unintentional non-adherence was due to device failures, forgetting to vape, and personal circumstances and stress. Pregnant smokers provided with e-cigarettes, and with generally high levels of vaping, had positive beliefs about the necessity of vaping for smoking cessation which outweighed concerns about vaping. Non-adherence was mainly due to unintentional factors.

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The Roy Castle Fag Ends Stop Smoking Service: A Successful Client-Led Approach to Smoking Cessation

The Journal of Smoking Cessation ◽

10.1375/jsc.1.1.13 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 13-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Christine Owens ◽

Jane Springett

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Smoking Cessation Service ◽

Cessation Rate ◽

Quit Attempt ◽

Community Approach ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Stop Smoking Services ◽

Patient Barriers ◽

Stop Smoking Service

AbstractThe Roy Castle Fag Ends Community Stop Smoking Service (RCFE) is commissioned by three primary care trusts (PCTs) to provide the adult smoking-cessation service across Liverpool. The service is not theoretically driven but there are several principles governing RCFE, which maintain the client-led, person-centred philosophy. Unique aspects are that the service is provided by trained lay advisors with a nonmedical background and there is no waiting list — clients can self-refer by calling a helpline or walking into a meeting. At RCFE, clients control their own quit attempt as well as self-regulating attendance at meetings and discharge from the service. Relapsed clients are also welcomed back without fear of criticism or the need for an appointment. Possible reasons for the success of RCFE include the client-led methodology, the community approach that removes doctor–patient barriers that may exist, and the nature of the group meetings, which allows interaction between clients who are at different stages of the quit process. Introducing some of the RCFE principles into other stop-smoking services may help to increase the overall smoking-cessation rate in England.

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Attitudes to E-Cigarettes and Cessation Support for Pregnant Women from English Stop Smoking Services: A Mixed Methods Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16010110 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 110 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sue Cooper ◽

Sophie Orton ◽

Katarzyna A. Campbell ◽

Michael Ussher ◽

Naomi Coleman-Haynes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Mixed Methods Study ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Smoking In Pregnancy ◽

Stop Smoking ◽

Quitting Smoking ◽

Stop Smoking Services ◽

The Uk ◽

In Pregnancy

Smoking in pregnancy remains a public health problem. In the UK e-cigarettes are the most popular aid to quitting smoking outside of pregnancy, but we don’t know the extent of e-cigarette use in pregnancy or how English Stop Smoking Services (SSS) respond to pregnant women who vape. In 2015 we surveyed SSS managers about cessation support for pregnant women and responses to clients who vaped. Subsequently we interviewed a sub-sample of managers to seek explanations for the SSS’ position on e-cigarettes; interviews were thematically analysed. Survey response rate was 67.8% (72/106); overall managers reported 2.2% (range 1.4–4.3%) of pregnant clients were using e-cigarettes. Most SSS reported supporting pregnant women who already vaped, but would not recommend e-cigarette use; for women that were still smoking and not using e-cigarettes, 8.3% of SSS were likely/very likely to advise using e-cigarettes, with 56.9% of SSS unlikely/very unlikely to advise using them. Fifteen respondents were interviewed; interviewees were generally positive about the potential of e-cigarettes for cessation in pregnancy although concerns about perceived lack of evidence for safety were expressed and most wanted research on this. Clear guidance on e-cigarette use informed by pregnancy specific research will assist SSS to provide consistent evidence-based support.

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