scholarly journals P07-08. Spermatozoa capture HIV-1 through heparan sulfate and efficiently transmit the virus to dendritic cells

Retrovirology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Remes Lenicov ◽  
J Sabatté ◽  
C Rodríguez Rodrígues ◽  
M Cabrini ◽  
C Jancic ◽  
...  
2009 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. i5-i5
Author(s):  
Ana Ceballos ◽  
Federico Remes Lenicov ◽  
Juan Sabatté ◽  
Christian Rodríguez Rodrígues ◽  
Mercedes Cabrini ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (12) ◽  
pp. 2717-2733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ceballos ◽  
Federico Remes Lenicov ◽  
Juan Sabatté ◽  
Christian Rodríguez Rodrígues ◽  
Mercedes Cabrini ◽  
...  

Semen is the main vector for HIV-1 dissemination worldwide. It contains three major sources of infectious virus: free virions, infected leukocytes, and spermatozoa-associated virions. We focused on the interaction of HIV-1 with human spermatozoa and dendritic cells (DCs). We report that heparan sulfate is expressed in spermatozoa and plays an important role in the capture of HIV-1. Spermatozoa-attached virus is efficiently transmitted to DCs, macrophages, and T cells. Interaction of spermatozoa with DCs not only leads to the transmission of HIV-1 and the internalization of the spermatozoa but also results in the phenotypic maturation of DCs and the production of IL-10 but not IL-12p70. At low values of extracellular pH (∼6.5 pH units), similar to those found in the vaginal mucosa after sexual intercourse, the binding of HIV-1 to the spermatozoa and the consequent transmission of HIV-1 to DCs were strongly enhanced. Our observations support the notion that far from being a passive carrier, spermatozoa acting in concert with DCs might affect the early course of sexual transmission of HIV-1 infection.


2013 ◽  
Vol 191 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie J. Sandgren ◽  
Anna Smed-Sörensen ◽  
Mattias N. Forsell ◽  
Martina Soldemo ◽  
William C. Adams ◽  
...  

1998 ◽  
Vol 187 (10) ◽  
pp. 1623-1631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette C. Reece ◽  
Amanda J. Handley ◽  
E. John Anstee ◽  
Wayne A. Morrison ◽  
Suzanne M. Crowe ◽  
...  

Macrophage tropic HIV-1 is predominant during the initial viremia after person to person transmission of HIV-1 (Zhu, T., H. Mo, N. Wang, D.S. Nam, Y. Cao, R.A. Koup, and D.D. Ho. 1993. Science. 261:1179–1181.), and this selection may occur during virus entry and carriage to the lymphoid tissue. Human skin explants were used to model HIV-1 selection that may occur at the skin or mucosal surface. Macrophage tropic, but not T cell line tropic strains of HIV-1 applied to the abraded epidermis were recovered from the cells emigrating from the skin explants. Dermis and epidermis were separated by dispase digestion after virus exposure to determine the site of viral selection within the skin. Uptake and transmission to T cells of all HIV-1 isolates was found with the dermal emigrant cells, but only macrophage tropic virus was transferred by emigrants from the epidermis exposed to HIV-1, indicating selection only within the epidermis. CD3+, CD4+ T cells were found in both the dermal and epidermal emigrant cells. After cell sorting to exclude contaminating T cells, macrophage tropic HIV-1 was found in both the dermal emigrant dendritic cells and in dendritic cells sorted from the epidermal emigrants. These observations suggest that selective infection of the immature epidermal dendritic cells represents the cellular mechanism that limits the initial viremia to HIV-1 that can use the CCR5 coreceptor.


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