Formulation Consideration and Skin Retention-Permeation Study of Insitu Nanogel Containing Dimethylfumarate for Treatment of Psoriasis

Aims and Objective: to develop and evaluate an insitu nanogel formulation containing dimethylfumarate for targeted topical delivery therapy of psoriasis. Study Design: 32 full factorial design Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutics, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Vadodara, between 2016 to 2019. Methodology: Nanogel were formulated by chemical cross linked gel method using Polyvinyl alcohol and Hyaluronic acid (1:5) ratio using Glutaraldehyde (GA) (25 %w/v) and Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (6%v/v) as a crosslinking agent and catalyst. Dimethylfumarate loaded nanogel were clear and showed physicochemical parameters desired for topical delivery and stability. Results: The Permeation profile of dimethylfumarate through rat skin from selected nanogel formulation exhibited highest skin uptake. The Micoscopic observations indicated that the optimized nanogel had n significant effect on the microscopic structure of the sin and epithelial cells appered mostly unchanged. The surface epithelium lining and the granular cellular structure of the skin were totally intact. The developed Nanogel may be a potential drug delivery vehicle for targeted topical delivery of dimethylfumarate in the treatment of psoriasis. Conclusion: As per drug retention study the highest amount of drug retained on the skin and lowest amount of drug permeate to the skin. Hence it was observed that there was no significant correlation between skin retention and skin permeation study.

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Absorption through Intact and Damaged Human Skin

Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are used in polishing products and absorbents, as promoters in wound healing, and as organopesticide decontaminants. While systemic bioaccumulation and organ toxicity has been described after inhalation, data on CeO2 NPs’ transdermal permeation are lacking. Our study was an in vitro investigation of the permeation of 17-nm CeO2 NPs dispersed in synthetic sweat (1 g L−1) using excised human skin on Franz cells. Experiments were performed using intact and needle-abraded skin, separately. The average amount of Ce into intact and damaged skin samples was 3.64 ± 0.15 and 7.07 ± 0.78 µg cm−2, respectively (mean ± SD, p = 0.04). Ce concentration in the receiving solution was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 3.3 ± 0.7 ng cm−2 after 24 h (p = 0.008). The Ce content was higher in dermal layers of damaged skin compared to intact skin (2.93 ± 0.71 µg cm−2 and 0.39 ± 0.16 µg cm−2, respectively; p = 0.004). Our data showed a very low dermal absorption and transdermal permeation of cerium, providing a first indication of Ce skin uptake due to contact with CeO2.