scholarly journals Small lung lesions invisible under fluoroscopy are located accurately by three-dimensional localization technique on chest wall surface and performed bronchoscopy procedures to increase diagnostic yields

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaosheng Deng ◽  
Xiaoming Cao ◽  
Dawen Wu ◽  
Haibo Ding ◽  
Ruixiong You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Localization Technique ◽  
Lung Lesions

FINAL VERSION.pdf

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Saeed ◽  
Mohamed-Slim Alouini ◽  
Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri
Keyword(s):  
Graph Partitioning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Smart Objects ◽  
Localization Technique ◽  
Optical Internet ◽  
Spectral Graph ◽  
Accurate Localization ◽  
Spectral Graph Partitioning ◽  
Link Connectivity

<div>Localization is a fundamental task for optical internet</div><div>of underwater things (O-IoUT) to enable various applications</div><div>such as data tagging, routing, navigation, and maintaining link connectivity. The accuracy of the localization techniques for OIoUT greatly relies on the location of the anchors. Therefore, recently localization techniques for O-IoUT which optimize the anchor’s location are proposed. However, optimization of anchors location for all the smart objects in the network is not a useful solution. Indeed, in a network of densely populated smart objects, the data collected by some sensors are more valuable than the data collected from other sensors. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a three-dimensional accurate localization technique by optimizing the anchor’s location for a set of smart objects. Spectral graph partitioning is used to select the set of valuable</div><div>sensors.</div>

scholarly journals Lung surface deformation prediction from spirometry measurement and chest wall surface motion

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 5493-5502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joubin Nasehi Tehrani ◽  
Alistair McEwan ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Deformation Prediction ◽  
Surface Motion

Chest wall impedance partitioned into rib cage and diaphragm-abdominal pathways

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Barnas ◽  
K. Yoshino ◽  
D. Stamenovic ◽  
Y. Kikuchi ◽  
S. H. Loring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Wall Surface ◽  
Body Plethysmography ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Entire Frequency Range ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Pressure Changes

We measured chest wall "pathway impedances" (ratios of pressure changes to rates of volume displacement at the surface) with esophageal and gastric balloons and inductance plethysmographic belts around the rib cage and abdomen during forced volume oscillations (5% vital capacity, 0.5–4 Hz) at the mouth of five relaxed, seated subjects. Volume displacements of the total chest wall surface, measured by summing the rib cage and abdominal signals, approximated measurements using volume-displacement, body plethysmography over the entire frequency range. Resistance (R) and elastance (E) of the diaphragm-abdomen pathway were several times greater than those of the rib cage pathway, except at the highest frequencies where diaphragm-abdominal E was small. R and E of the diaphragm-abdomen pathway and of the rib cage pathway showed the same frequency dependencies as that of the total chest wall: R decreased markedly as frequency increased, and E (especially in the diaphragm-abdomen) decreased at the highest frequencies. These results suggest that the chest wall can be reasonably modeled, over the frequency range studied, as a system with two major pathways for displacement. Each pathway seems to exhibit behavior that reflects nonlinear, rate-independent dissipation as well as viscoelastic properties. Impedances of these pathways are useful indexes of changes in chest wall mechanical behavior in different situations.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printing PEEK Implant: A Novel Choice for the Reconstruction of Chest Wall Defect

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Lijun Huang ◽  
Xiaofei Li ◽  
Daixing Zhong ◽  
Dichen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wall Defect ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Chest Wall Defect ◽  
Dimensional Printing

scholarly journals Respiratory dynamics during laughter

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1441-1446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Filippelli ◽  
Riccardo Pellegrino ◽  
Iacopo Iandelli ◽  
Gianni Misuri ◽  
Joseph R. Rodarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Transdiaphragmatic Pressure

Lung and chest wall mechanics were studied during fits of laughter in 11 normal subjects. Laughing was naturally induced by showing clips of the funniest scenes from a movie by Roberto Benigni. Chest wall volume was measured by using a three-dimensional optoelectronic plethysmography and was partitioned into upper thorax, lower thorax, and abdominal compartments. Esophageal (Pes) and gastric (Pga) pressures were measured in seven subjects. All fits of laughter were characterized by a sudden occurrence of repetitive expiratory efforts at an average frequency of 4.6 ± 1.1 Hz, which led to a final drop in functional residual capacity (FRC) by 1.55 ± 0.40 liter ( P < 0.001). All compartments similarly contributed to the decrease of lung volumes. The average duration of the fits of laughter was 3.7 ± 2.2 s. Most of the events were associated with sudden increase in Pes well beyond the critical pressure necessary to generate maximum expiratory flow at a given lung volume. Pga increased more than Pes at the end of the expiratory efforts by an average of 27 ± 7 cmH2O. Transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) at FRC and at 10% and 20% control forced vital capacity below FRC was significantly higher than Pdi at the same absolute lung volumes during a relaxed maneuver at rest ( P < 0.001). We conclude that fits of laughter consistently lead to sudden and substantial decrease in lung volume in all respiratory compartments and remarkable dynamic compression of the airways. Further mechanical stress would have applied to all the organs located in the thoracic cavity if the diaphragm had not actively prevented part of the increase in abdominal pressure from being transmitted to the chest wall cavity.

Three-dimensional optical analysis of chest wall motion

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1224-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ferrigno ◽  
P. Carnevali ◽  
A. Aliverti ◽  
F. Molteni ◽  
G. Beulcke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Online Computation ◽  
Chest Wall Motion ◽  
The Subject

A method for kinematic analysis of chest wall motion is presented, based on a television-image processor that allows a three-dimensional assessment of volume change of the trunk by automatically computing the coordinates of several passive markers placed on relevant landmarks of the thorax and abdomen. The parallel computation used for the image processing allows for a real time recognition of the passive markers with the necessary accuracy. A geometric model also allows the online computation of the contribution to the chest volume by the different parts. For this purpose, the model presented here is based on 54 tetrahedrons that can be grouped into 9 compartments and 3 sections representing 1) upper thorax (mainly reflecting the action of neck and parasternal muscles and the effect of pleural pressure), 2) lower thorax (mainly reflecting the action of diaphragm and the effect of pleural and abdominal pressure), and 3) abdomen (mainly reflecting the actions of diaphragm and abdominal muscles). By this model, the volume can also be split into three vertical sections pointing out asymmetries between the right and left sides. The method is noninvasive, nonionizing, and leaves the subject maximum freedom of movement during the test, thus being suitable for routine clinical analysis. The monitoring of the subject can be prolonged in time and can be performed in different postures: standing, sitting, and supine. The method was tested on 12 healthy subjects showing its good accuracy, reliability, and reproducibility.

scholarly journals An Examination of the Incremental Balance in a Global Ensemble-Based 3D-Var Data Assimilation System

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (10) ◽  
pp. 3946-3966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Caron ◽  
Luc Fillion
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Ensemble Kalman Filter ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Variational Data Assimilation ◽  
Spatial Covariance ◽  
Background Error ◽  
Localization Technique ◽  
Vertical Localization

Abstract This study examines the modification to the balance properties of the analysis increments in a global three-dimensional variational data assimilation scheme when using flow-dependent background-error covariances derived from an operational ensemble Kalman filter instead of static homogenous and isotropic background-error covariances based on lagged forecast differences. It is shown that the degree of balance in the analysis increments is degraded when the former method is used. This change can be attributed in part to the reduced degree of rotational balance found in short-term ensemble Kalman filter perturbations as compared to lagged forecast differences based on longer-range forecasts. However, the use of a horizontal and vertical localization technique to increase the rank of the ensemble-based covariances are found to have a significant deleterious effect on the rotational balance with the largest detrimental impact coming from the vertical localization and affecting particularly the upper levels. The examination of the vertical motion part of the analysis increments revealed that the spatial covariance localization technique also produces unrealistic vertical structure of vertical motion increments with abnormally large increments near the surface. A comparison between the analysis increments from the ensemble Kalman filter and from the ensemble-based three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3D-Var) scheme showed that the balance characteristics of the analysis increments resulting from the two systems are very similar.

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