scholarly journals Individual variations and sex differences in hemodynamics with percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) in young Andean highlanders in Bolivia

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Nishimura ◽  
Juan Ugarte ◽  
Mayumi Ohnishi ◽  
Mika Nishihara ◽  
Guillermo Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Residual Analysis ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Lower Heart Rate ◽  
Finger Temperature ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Altitude Adaptation

Abstract Background Many studies have reported specific adaptations to high altitude, but few studies have focused on physiological variations in high-altitude adaptation in Andean highlanders. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between SpO2 and related factors, including individual variations and sex differences, in Andean highlanders. Methods The participants were community-dwelling people in La Paz, Bolivia, aged 20 years and over (age range 20–34 years). A total of 50 men and 50 women participated in this study. Height, weight, SpO2, hemoglobin concentration, finger temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were measured. Information about lifestyle was also obtained by interview. Results There were individual variations of SpO2 both in men (mean 89.9%, range 84.0–95.0%) and women (mean 91.0%, range 84.0–96.0%). On Student’s t test, men had significantly lower heart rate (p = 0.046) and SpO2 (p = 0.030) than women. On the other hand, men had significantly higher SBP (p < 0.001), hemoglobin (p < 0.001), and finger temperature (p = 0.004). In men, multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that a higher SpO2 was correlated with a lower heart rate (β = − 0.089, p = 0.007) and a higher finger temperature (β = 0.308, p = 0.030) (r2 for model = 0.18). In women, a higher SpO2 was significantly correlated with a higher finger temperature (β = 0.391, p = 0.015) (r2 for model = 0.12). A higher SpO2 was related to a higher finger temperature (β = 0.286, p = 0.014) and a lower heart rate (β = − 0.052, p = 0.029) in all participants (r2 for model = 0.21). Residual analysis showed that individual SpO2 values were randomly plotted. Conclusion Random plots of SpO2 on residual analysis indicated that these variations were random error, such as biological variation. A higher SpO2 was related to a lower heart rate and finger temperature in men, but a higher SpO2 was related to finger temperature in women. These results suggest that there are individual variations and sex differences in the hemodynamic responses of high-altitude adaptation in Andean highlanders.

scholarly journals Whole-genome sequence data suggests environmental adaptation of Ethiopian sheep populations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Wiener ◽  
Christelle Robert ◽  
Abulgasim Ahbara ◽  
Mazdak Salavati ◽  
Ayele Abebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Altitude Adaptation

Abstract Great progress has been made over recent years in the identification of selection signatures in the genomes of livestock species. This work has primarily been carried out in commercial breeds for which the dominant selection pressures, are associated with artificial selection. As agriculture and food security are likely to be strongly affected by climate change, a better understanding of environment-imposed selection on agricultural species is warranted. Ethiopia is an ideal setting to investigate environmental adaptation in livestock due to its wide variation in geo-climatic characteristics and the extensive genetic and phenotypic variation of its livestock. Here, we identified over three million single nucleotide variants across 12 Ethiopian sheep populations and applied landscape genomics approaches to investigate the association between these variants and environmental variables. Our results suggest that environmental adaptation for precipitation-related variables is stronger than that related to altitude or temperature, consistent with large-scale meta-analyses of selection pressure across species. The set of genes showing association with environmental variables was enriched for genes highly expressed in human blood and nerve tissues. There was also evidence of enrichment for genes associated with high-altitude adaptation although no strong association was identified with hypoxia-inducible-factor (HIF) genes. One of the strongest altitude-related signals was for a collagen gene, consistent with previous studies of high-altitude adaptation. Several altitude-associated genes also showed evidence of adaptation with temperature, suggesting a relationship between responses to these environmental factors. These results provide a foundation to investigate further the effects of climatic variables on small ruminant populations.

Mitochondrial nt3010G-nt3970C haplotype is implicated in high-altitude adaptation of Tibetans

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Luo ◽  
Wenxiang Gao ◽  
Fuyu Liu ◽  
Yuqi Gao
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Altitude Adaptation

High-Altitude Adaptation of Yak Based on Genetic Variants and Activity of Lactate Dehydrogenase-1

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 418-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangde Kuang ◽  
Yucai Zheng ◽  
Yaqiu Lin ◽  
Yaou Xu ◽  
Suyu Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Altitude Adaptation

scholarly journals Identification of a Tibetan-Specific Mutation in the Hypoxic Gene EGLN1 and Its Contribution to High-Altitude Adaptation

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1889-1898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Xiang ◽  
Ouzhuluobu ◽  
Yi Peng ◽  
Zhaohui Yang ◽  
Xiaoming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Specific Mutation ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Altitude Adaptation

scholarly journals Genomic analysis of snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus) identifies genes and processes related to high-altitude adaptation

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 947-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yu ◽  
Guo-Dong Wang ◽  
Jue Ruan ◽  
Yong-Bin Chen ◽  
Cui-Ping Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Altitude Adaptation

scholarly journals Angiotensin converting enzyme insertion allele in relation to high altitude adaptation

2001 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. QADAR PASHA ◽  
A. P. KHAN ◽  
R. KUMAR ◽  
S. K. GROVER ◽  
R. B. RAM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Insertion Allele

scholarly journals The Expression Regulatory Network in the Lung Tissue of Tibetan Pigs Provides Insight Into Hypoxia-Sensitive Pathways in High-Altitude Hypoxia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanan Yang ◽  
Haonan Yuan ◽  
Tianliang Yang ◽  
Yongqing Li ◽  
Caixia Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Alveolar Wall ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Structure Damage ◽  
High Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Tibetan Pigs ◽  
Altitude Adaptation ◽  
Insight Into

To adapt to a low-oxygen environment, Tibetan pigs have developed a series of unique characteristics and can transport oxygen more effectively; however, the regulation of the associated processes in high-altitude animals remains elusive. We performed mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq, and we constructed coexpression regulatory networks of the lung tissues of Tibetan and Landrace pigs. HBB, AGT, COL1A2, and EPHX1 were identified as major regulators of hypoxia-induced genes that regulate blood pressure and circulation, and they were enriched in pathways related to signal transduction and angiogenesis, such as HIF-1, PI3K-Akt, mTOR, and AMPK. HBB may promote the combination of hemoglobin and oxygen as well as angiogenesis for high-altitude adaptation in Tibetan pigs. The expression of MMP2 showed a similar tendency of alveolar septum thickness among the four groups. These results indicated that MMP2 activity may lead to widening of the alveolar wall and septum, alveolar structure damage, and collapse of alveolar space with remarkable fibrosis. These findings provide a perspective on hypoxia-adaptive genes in the lungs in addition to insights into potential candidate genes in Tibetan pigs for further research in the field of high-altitude adaptation.

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