The Clean Water Act: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

Water Law ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
William Goldfarb
Keyword(s):  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Pollutant Discharge

Developments in Legislation Related to Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Effluents: A U.S. Overview

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Laffly
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Federal Water Pollution Control ◽  
Guidelines And Standards ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
Wastewater Pollutants

Abstract Regulatory requirements in the United States controlling wastewater pollutants and toxicity resulting from point sources, such as refineries, emanated from passage of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act in 1972 and its subsequent amendments, collectively referred to as the Clean Water Act. The Clean Water Act empowers in the federal U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and states to issue effluents limitation guidelines and water quality standards to point sources that discharge pollutants directly to surface waters. These guidelines and standards are contained in permits issued under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. The current regulatory emphasis on toxics probably will lead to more stringent pretreatment standards and reduced refinery wastewater flow.

Balancing Fisheries Management and Water Uses for Impounded River Systems

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Aquatic Community ◽  
Thermal Output ◽  
Heated Effluent ◽  
Pollutant Discharge ◽  
Water Uses ◽  
Tower System

<em>Abstract</em>.—A multimetric reservoir bioassessment was conducted on Lake Sinclair, a 6,204-ha multipurpose impoundment in central Georgia in 2002. This bioassessment was the first application of such techniques on a reservoir in Georgia and was an integral component of a Clean Water Act Section 316(a) demonstration. Findings from this project were used to support a request for a thermal variance for the Plant Branch heated discharge. Plant Branch is an electric generating facility that withdraws water from Lake Sinclair for cooling purposes and discharges heated effluent to the reservoir under the authority of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit. A new cooling tower system began operation in 2002 and was designed to remove approximately 50% of the thermal output from the plant during summer months. Subsequently, the bioassessment was conducted to determine if a balanced, indigenous aquatic community is protected and maintained in the thermally influenced portion of Lake Sinclair.

Revision of Industrial Effluent Regulations in Israel

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Weber ◽  
G. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The U.S

Industrial effluent regulations in Israel can be promulgated pursuant to four statutory sources. No clear boundaries delineating the scope of these laws exist, and some of them are neither environmental nor water laws per se. The resulting legal situation is one of confusion, duality and even contradiction both institutionally and substantively. A revision in the Israeli approach towards the regulation of industrial effluent is proposed, taking into consideration some elements of the U.S. Clean Water Act. Ideas are presented for setting up jurisdictional boundaries between the local and central government authorities to differentiate between organic loads and hazardous materials. In addition, the paper calls for criteria and discretionary limits on the setting up of permit conditions and enactment of regulations as well as the need for improvement of existing effluent criteria.

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