In situ observation system for the simultaneous irradiation of the X-ray and the visible lasers

2005 ◽  
pp. 581-584
Keyword(s):  
Observation System ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simultaneous Irradiation ◽  
Visible Lasers

In Situ Analysis of Effects of Transformation Strain on the Austenite Phase during Martenistic Transformation of Cr-Ni Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 172-174 ◽  
pp. 1255-1260
Author(s):  
Hidenori Terasaki ◽  
Zhang Shouyuan ◽  
Yu Ichi Komizo
Keyword(s):  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Transformation Strain ◽  
Observation System ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lattice Space

A hybrid in-situ observation system has been developed to study the phase transformation behaviour simultaneously in both real and reciprocal lattice space. This paper presents the development of the observation system. Furthermore, as an example of the application of our developed system, martensitic transformation of Cr–Ni steel along a designed thermal cycle was in-situ tracked with the developed system. As a result of analysing the time-resolved X-ray diffraction data for the observed target, our system could directly detect the effect of transformation strain on austenite during martensitic transformation.

Strain Relaxation and In-Situ Observation of Voiding in Passivated Aluminum Alloy Lines.

1993 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Besser ◽  
Thomas N. Marieb ◽  
John C. Bravman
Keyword(s):  
Strain Relaxation ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Measured Strain ◽  
Ray Geometry

ABSTRACTStrain relaxation in passivated Al-0.5% Cu lines was measured using X-ray diffraction coupled with in-situ observation of the formation and growth of stress induced voids. Samples of 1 μm thick Al-0.5% Cu lines passivated with Si3N4 were heated to 380ºC, then cooled and held at 150ºC. During the test, principal strains along the length, width, and height of the line were determined using a grazing incidence x-ray geometry. From these measurements the hydrostatic strain in the metal was calculated and strain relaxation was observed. The thermal cycle was duplicated in a high voltage scanning transmission electron microscope equipped with a backscattered electron detector. The 1.25 μm wide lines were seen to have initial stress voids. Upon heating these voids reduced in size until no longer observable. Once the samples were cooled to 150ºC, voids reappeared and grew. The measured strain relaxation is discussed in terms of void and θ-phase (Al2Cu) formation.

scholarly journals Pelagic deep-sea fauna observed on video transects in the southern Norwegian Sea

Polar Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Neitzel ◽  
Aino Hosia ◽  
Uwe Piatkowski ◽  
Henk-Jan Hoving
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Observation System ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Norwegian Sea ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Oceanic Food Webs ◽  
Deep Sea Fauna

AbstractObservations of the diversity, distribution and abundance of pelagic fauna are absent for many ocean regions in the Atlantic, but baseline data are required to detect changes in communities as a result of climate change. Gelatinous fauna are increasingly recognized as vital players in oceanic food webs, but sampling these delicate organisms in nets is challenging. Underwater (in situ) observations have provided unprecedented insights into mesopelagic communities in particular for abundance and distribution of gelatinous fauna. In September 2018, we performed horizontal video transects (50–1200 m) using the pelagic in situ observation system during a research cruise in the southern Norwegian Sea. Annotation of the video recordings resulted in 12 abundant and 7 rare taxa. Chaetognaths, the trachymedusaAglantha digitaleand appendicularians were the three most abundant taxa. The high numbers of fishes and crustaceans in the upper 100 m was likely the result of vertical migration. Gelatinous zooplankton included ctenophores (lobate ctenophores,Beroespp.,Euplokamissp., and an undescribed cydippid) as well as calycophoran and physonect siphonophores. We discuss the distributions of these fauna, some of which represent the first record for the Norwegian Sea.

In situ Observation of Dehydration of 1β-Methylcarbapenem CS-834 Hydrate by X-Ray Analysis

ChemInform ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Kobayashi ◽  
Tadashi Hata ◽  
Hiroshi Fukuhara ◽  
Yuji Ohashi
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals In situ observation of ductile fracture using X-ray tomography technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1995-2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Toda ◽  
E. Maire ◽  
S. Yamauchi ◽  
H. Tsuruta ◽  
T. Hiramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ductile Fracture ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Ray

Direct in situ observation of ZnO nucleation and growth via transmission X-ray microscopy

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1849-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. R. Tay ◽  
A. E. Goode ◽  
J. Nelson Weker ◽  
A. A. Cruickshank ◽  
S. Heutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Size And Morphology

The nucleation and growth of a nanostructure controls its size and morphology, and ultimately its functional properties.

scholarly journals In situ observation of phase changes of a silica-supported cobalt catalyst for the Fischer–Tropsch process by the development of a synchrotron-compatible in situ/operando powder X-ray diffraction cell

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1673-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam S. Hoffman ◽  
Joseph A. Singh ◽  
Stacey F. Bent ◽  
Simon R. Bare
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
X Ray ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Co Nanoparticles

In situ characterization of catalysts gives direct insight into the working state of the material. Here, the design and performance characteristics of a universal in situ synchrotron-compatible X-ray diffraction cell capable of operation at high temperature and high pressure, 1373 K, and 35 bar, respectively, are reported. Its performance is demonstrated by characterizing a cobalt-based catalyst used in a prototypical high-pressure catalytic reaction, the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, using X-ray diffraction. Cobalt nanoparticles supported on silica were studied in situ during Fischer–Tropsch catalysis using syngas, H2 and CO, at 723 K and 20 bar. Post reaction, the Co nanoparticles were carburized at elevated pressure, demonstrating an increased rate of carburization compared with atmospheric studies.

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