Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches in the Management of the Laurentian Great Lakes and Lake Victoria Fisheries

Great Lakes ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 364-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Gaden ◽  
Oliva Mkumbo ◽  
Ted Lawrence ◽  
Chris Goddard
BioScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Bunnell ◽  
Richard P. Barbiero ◽  
Stuart A. Ludsin ◽  
Charles P. Madenjian ◽  
Glenn J. Warren ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 1542-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian E. Marshall

Debate on the contribution of Nile perch (Lates niloticus) to the demise of Lake Victoria’s 500+ endemic haplochromine cichlids centers around the “top-down” and “bottom-up” hypotheses. The former suggests Nile perch destroyed the haplochromines, causing the disruption of food chains and nutrient cycling and so initiating the accelerated eutrophication of the lake. The latter proposes that haplochromines suppressed Nile perch by preying on its eggs and fry or competing with juveniles for food. A recent paper argued that accelerated eutrophication caused by a climatic event led to their collapse, allowing Nile perch to explode. However, the Nile perch population grew before haplochromines decreased, and they only collapsed once Nile perch biomass exceeded theirs. The chronology indicates that accelerated eutrophication of the lake followed rather than preceded the haplochromine collapse, suggesting that eutrophication was not its cause. A size-selective predation model developed to support the bottom-up hypothesis is discussed in light of existing data, but does not support the bottom-up hypothesis. It was concluded that the top-down model better fits the data and conforms to the law of parsimony.


PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cole
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  

Author(s):  
Sadari Sadari ◽  
Nurhidayat Nurhidayat ◽  
Rafiqah Rafiqah
Keyword(s):  
Top Down ◽  

Humanisme religius telah mengantarkan pada era kesadaran bahwa peradaban manusia harus memiliki dua arus yang saling menunjang. Selama ini arus balik dalam bidang ekonomi hanya menonjolkan arus balik vertikal atas kebawah (model top down) yang didominasi oleh sistem ekonomi kapitalis dan sosialis, sedangkan di sisi lain mengesampingkan arus balik vertikal dari bawah ke atas (model bottom up) yang didominasi oleh sistem ekonomi syariah, sehingga dampaknya adalah adanya kesenjangan ekonomi yang sangat tajam. Paper ini mewujudkan peran penting, yakni menghubungkan dua arus tersebut secara timbal-balik, yakni mempertemukan arus pertama dengan arus balik kedua, sehingga akan menghasilkan dampak yang positif, progresif, kreatif dan produktif, kemudian pada akhirnya akan dapat meng-optomal-kan ekonomi syariah untuk menciptakan goodgovernance, post goodgovernance secara berkelanjutan, tentunya dengan bantuan peran media kontemporer yang kian update. Ekonomi syariah juga merupakan pilar dan nilai dasar, dari sikap keyakinan dan sikap rasionalitas untuk sanggup menciptakan terwujudnya pemberdayaan dan kesejahteraan sekaligus pengentasan kemiskinan dalam masyarakat di Indonesia.


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