209 CYCLIC FLUCTUATIONS IN CEREBRAL BLOOD VOLUME (CBV) AND MEAN ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE (MAP) IN PRETERM INFANTS

To date, glucagon-like peptide 1(7-36) amide (tGLP-1) has been found to affect the neurohypophysial and cardiovascular functions in normotensive and normovolaemic rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible effects of tGLP-1 on the mean arterial blood pressure and the release of vasopressin and oxytocin under conditions of blood volume depletion in the rat. In the first series of experiments, the animals were injected i.p. with either 0.15 M saline or 30% polyethylene glycol (PEG). PEG caused an 18% reduction of blood volume 1 h after injection. No significant changes in the mean arterial blood pressure were found in either normo- or hypovolaemic rats during the experiment. tGLP-1 injected i.c.v. at a dose of 1 microg/5 microl 1 h after the i.p. injection increased similarly the arterial blood pressure in normo- and hypovolaemic rats. The plasma vasopressin/oxytocin concentrations were markedly elevated in hypovolaemic animals and tGLP-1 further augmented the release of both hormones. In the second study, hypovolaemia was induced by double blood withdrawal. The haemorrhage resulted in a marked decrease of the mean arterial blood pressure and in the elevated plasma vasopressin/oxytocin concentrations. tGLP-1 injected immediately after the second blood withdrawal increased the arterial blood pressure. In parallel, tGLP-1 enhanced significantly vasopressin and oxytocin secretion when compared with haemorrhaged, saline-injected rats. The results of this study indicate that tGLP-1 may affect the arterial blood pressure and the secretion of neurohypophysial hormones under pathological conditions brought about by blood volume depletion.

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Investigation of EEG Activity Compared with Mean Arterial Blood Pressure in Extremely Preterm Infants

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2018.00087 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Sujith S. Pereira ◽

Stephen T. Kempley ◽

David F. Wertheim ◽

Ajay K. Sinha ◽

Joan K. Morris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Eeg Activity ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Extremely Preterm ◽

Extremely Preterm Infants

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Cerebral Blood Flow Is Independent of Mean Arterial Blood Pressure in Preterm Infants Undergoing Intensive Care

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.102.2.337 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 102 (2) ◽

pp. 337-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 165

Author(s):

Lidia Tyszczuk ◽

Judith Meek ◽

Clare Elwell ◽

J. S. Wyatt

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Cerebral Blood Flow ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Blood

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Relation Between Arterial Blood Pressure and Blood Volume and Effect of Infused Albumin in Sick Preterm Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.60.3.282 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 282-289

Author(s):

Peter A. Barr ◽

Penrhyn E. Bailey ◽

James Sumners ◽

George Cassady

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Hyaline Membrane Disease ◽

Mean Blood Pressure ◽

Albumin Infusion ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Hyaline Membrane ◽

Blood Pressures

The relation between directly measured arterial blood pressure and blood volume was studied in 61 sick preterm infants. Mean blood volume (derived from plasma volume [T1824 ten-minute albumin space] and hematocrit value) of 26 hypotensive infants (89.1 ± 17.26 ml/kg) was not significantly different from that of 35 normotensive, but otherwise comparable, infants (91.4 ± 14.57 ml/kg). There was no relation between arterial mean blood pressure and blood volume. Twenty-one infants with arterial mean blood pressure less than 30 mm Hg were given 1.0 g/kg of 10% salt-poor albumin. Significant increases in blood pressure occurred but were small in magnitude; more than one half of infants had arterial mean blood pressures persistently less than 30 mm Hg. Arterial/alveolar Po2 ratio decreased significantly with albumin infusion in six infants with hyaline membrane disease not receiving continuous distending-airway pressure, suggesting an association between infused albumin and impaired oxygen exchange.

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Left ventricle output and mean arterial blood pressure in preterm infants during the 1st day of life

European Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s004310051213 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 158 (10) ◽

pp. 817-824 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

P. Pladys ◽

E. Wodey ◽

A. Beuchée ◽

B. Branger ◽

P. Bétrémieux

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Left Ventricle ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Blood

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Blood volume changes and high and low pressoreceptor activity in cats

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1984.247.5.r833 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 247 (5) ◽

pp. R833-R836 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. Tomomatsu ◽

J. P. Gilmore

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Volume ◽

Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Volume Expansion ◽

Carotid Sinus ◽

Nerve Activity ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Blood Volume Expansion ◽

Aortic Baroreceptors

Studies were undertaken in the cat to determine if moderate hemorrhage or volume expansion significantly altered carotid sinus and aortic baroreceptor activity. In addition, the experimental design provided the opportunity to compare gain of the two sets of receptors. A 20% blood volume expansion increased mean arterial blood pressure 5.2% and carotid sinus nerve activity 14.7%, whereas a 20% hemorrhage decreased mean arterial blood pressure 10.8% and carotid sinus nerve activity 32.3%. For the aortic baroreceptors, a 20% blood volume expansion increased mean arterial blood pressure 5.9% and nerve activity 10.5%, and a 20% hemorrhage decreased mean arterial blood pressure 8.9% and nerve activity 21.0%. The blood pressure-discharge curves for the carotid sinus and aortic baroreceptors were not different. The well-known high sensitivity of atrial receptors was also documented. We conclude that both high- and low-pressure receptors apprise the central nervous system of the status of intravascular volume and pressure.

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