Pavlov, Penfield, and the physiology of the mind

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (12) ◽  
pp. 575-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Leblanc

Wilder Penfield's contributions to the structure–function relationships of the brain are well-known. Less well-known is the influence that Ivan Pavlov and the conditioned reflex had on Penfield's understanding of epileptogenesis, and on his concept of the acquisition of memories, language, and perception—what Penfield referred to as the physiology of the mind. Penfield invoked conditioned reflexes to explain responses to electrocortical stimulation of the temporal lobes that encompass memory, perception, and affect. Penfield referred to these responses as experiential phenomena since he considered that they constituted a record of past experiences. Penfield also invoked the conditioned reflex to explain the acquisition of the interpretive aspects of written and spoken language in the dominant temporal cortex. This article describes and discusses these neglected aspects of Penfield's work, and how they contributed to a broader understanding of the functional integration of the temporal cortex and the limbic system.

1973 ◽  
Vol 122 (570) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Abrams ◽  
Michael Alan Taylor

Unilateral ECT (U/ECT) produces therapeutic generalized convulsions with less amnesia and confusion than classical bilateral ECT (B/ECT). The clinical effects of these two methods have recendy been compared (Abrams et al., 1972) and reviewed (Abrams, 1972), with the conclusion that U/ECT is less effective than B/ECT in the treatment of depressed patients. Generalized seizures are induced with both methods, and we considered the possibility that the therapeutic advantage for B/ECT lay in its bilateral stimulation of the brain. An opportunity to evaluate the effects of bilateral stimulation exclusive of the temporal lobes arose at the suggestion of Inglis (1970) that seizures induced with treatment electrodes placed over the front of the head should improve mood but have less effect on memory than the other techniques.


2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 713-716
Author(s):  
Ellen S. Berscheid
Keyword(s):  
The Mind ◽  

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 923-924
Author(s):  
MADGE E. SCHEIBEL ◽  
ARNOLD B. SCHEIBEL

PsycCRITIQUES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Was
Keyword(s):  
The Mind ◽  

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
vernon thornton

A description of of the mind and its relationship to the brain, set in an evolutionary context. Introduction of a correct version of 'language-of-thought' called 'thinkish'.


2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-249
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Omura

While a visiting Professor at the University of Paris, VI (formerly Sorvonne) more than 40 years ago, the Author became very good friends with Dr. Paul Nogier who periodically gave seminars and workshops in Paris. After the author diagnosed his cervical problem & offered him simple help, Dr. Nogier asked the Author to present lectures and demonstrations on the effects of ear stimulation, namely the effects of acupuncture & electrical stimulation of the ear lobules. It is only now, in 2019 that we have discovered 2–5 minute high frequency stimulation of the ear lobule inhibits cancer activity for 1– 4 hours post stimulation. Although the procedure is extremely simple. First take optimal dose of Vitamin D3, which has the most essential 10 unique beneficial factors required for every human cell activity. Next, apply high frequency stimulation to ear lobule while the worst ear lobule is held by all fingers with vibrator directly touching the surface of the worst ear lobule, preferably after patient repeatedly takes optimal dose of Vitamin D3. When the worst ear lobule is held between thumb & index fingers and applying mechanical stimulation of 250 ~ 500 mechanical vibration/second for 2 ~ 5 minutes using an electrical vibrator, there is rapid disappearance of cancer activity in both the brain and rest of the body for short time duration 1 ~ 4 hours. The effect often increases by additional pressure by holding fingers. As of May 2019, the Author found that many people from various regions of the world developed early stages of multiple cancers. For evaluation of this study, U. S. patented Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (BDORT) was used which was developed by the Author while doing his Graduate experimental physics research at Colombia University. BDORT was found to be most essential for determining the beneficial effects as well as harmful effects of any substance or treatment. Using BDORT, Author was the first to recognize severe increasing mid-backache was an early sign of pancreatic cancer of President of New York State Board of Medicine after top pain specialists failed to detect the cause after 3 years of effort, while the BDORT showed early stages of cancer whereas conventional X-Ray of the pancreas did not show any cancer image until 2 months after Author detected with BDORT. For example, the optimal dose of the banana is usually about 2.0 - 2.5 millimeters cross section of the banana. A whole banana is more than 50 ~ 100 times the optimal dose. Any substance eaten in more than 25 times of its optimal dose becomes highly toxic and creates DNA mutations which can cause multiple malignancies in the presence of strong electro-magnetic field. With standard medication given by doctor, patients often become sick and they are unable to reduce body weight, unless medication is reduced or completely stopped. When the amount of zinc is very high, DNA often becomes unstable and multiple cancers can grow rapidly in the presence of strong electromagnetic field. Large amount of Vitamin C from regular orange or orange juice inhibit the most important Vitamin D3 effects. At least 3 kinds of low Vitamin C oranges will not inhibit Vitamin D3. Since B12 particularly methyl cobalamin which is a red small tablet is known to improve brain circulation very significantly we examined its effect within 20 seconds of oral intake we found the following very significant changes. Acetylcholine in both sides of the brain often increases over 4,500 ng. Longevity gene Sirtuin 1 level increases significantly for short time of few hours. Thymosin α1 and Thymosinβ4 both increase to over 1500 ng from 20 ng or less.


Author(s):  
Marcello Massimini ◽  
Giulio Tononi

This chapter uses thought experiments and practical examples to introduce, in a very accessible way, the hard problem of consciousness. Soon, machines may behave like us to pass the Turing test and scientists may succeed in copying and simulating the inner workings of the brain. Will all this take us any closer to solving the mysteries of consciousness? The reader is taken to meet different kind of zombies, the philosophical, the digital, and the inner ones, to understand why many, scientists and philosophers alike, doubt that the mind–body problem will ever be solved.


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