Hidden Objective Memory Deficits Behind Subjective Memory Complaints in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013212
Author(s):  
Béatrice Lemesle ◽  
Emmanuel J. Barbeau ◽  
Emilie Milongo Rigal ◽  
Marie Denuelle ◽  
Luc Valton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Tests ◽  
Memory Complaints

Objective:To test the hypothesis that temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients with subjective initial memory complaints (not confirmed by an objective standard assessment) and various phenotypes also show objective very long-term memory deficit with accelerated long-term forgetting. We tested TLE patients with two surprise memory tests after three weeks: the standard Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), and Epireal, a new test specifically designed to capture more ecological aspects of autobiographical memory.Methods:47 TLE patients (12 hippocampal sclerosis, 12 amygdala enlargement, 11 extensive lesions, 12 normal MRI) who complained about their memory, but for whom the standard neuropsychological assessment did not reveal any memory impairment after a standard delay of 20 minutes, underwent two surprise memory tests after three weeks. They were compared to 35 healthy control subjects.Results:After three weeks, FCSRT and Epireal recall scores were significantly lower in patients than in controls (p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between FCSRT and Epireal scores (p=0.99). Seventy-six percent of TLE patients had objective impairment on at least one of these very long-term memory tests, regardless of the existence and type of lesion or response to antiseizure medication. Easily applicable, Epireal had a higher effect size, detected deficits in 28% more patients, and is a useful addition to the standard workup.Conclusion:Assessing long-term memory should be broadened to a wide spectrum of TLE patients with a memory complaint, regardless of the epileptic syndrome, whether or not associated with a lesion. This could lead to rethinking TLE nosology associated with memory.

scholarly journals When “long-term memory” no longer means “forever”: Analysis of accelerated long-term forgetting in a patient with temporal lobe epilepsy

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1707-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok S. Jansari ◽  
Kavus Davis ◽  
Terence McGibbon ◽  
Stephanie Firminger ◽  
Narinder Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

Long-term memory performance after surgical treatment of unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)

2014 ◽  
Vol 108 (7) ◽  
pp. 1228-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Jutila ◽  
Marja Äikiä ◽  
Arto Immonen ◽  
Esa Mervaala ◽  
Irina Alafuzoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

Long-term memory deficits in temporal lobe epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 173 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 490-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tramoni-Negre ◽  
I. Lambert ◽  
F. Bartolomei ◽  
O. Felician
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory

Declarative long-term memory and the mesial temporal lobe: Insights from a 5-year postsurgery follow-up study on refractory temporal lobe epilepsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Salvato ◽  
Pina Scarpa ◽  
Stefano Francione ◽  
Roberto Mai ◽  
Laura Tassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe

Predictive factors of long-term outcomes of surgery for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis

Epilepsia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1473-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Mathon ◽  
Franck Bielle ◽  
Séverine Samson ◽  
Odile Plaisant ◽  
Sophie Dupont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe

scholarly journals The Medial Temporal Lobe Is Critical for Spatial Relational Perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1780-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Ruiz ◽  
Michael R. Meager ◽  
Sachin Agarwal ◽  
Mariam Aly
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Attention Tasks ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Attention And Perception

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is traditionally considered to be a system that is specialized for long-term memory. Recent work has challenged this notion by demonstrating that this region can contribute to many domains of cognition beyond long-term memory, including perception and attention. One potential reason why the MTL (and hippocampus specifically) contributes broadly to cognition is that it contains relational representations—representations of multidimensional features of experience and their unique relationship to one another—that are useful in many different cognitive domains. Here, we explore the hypothesis that the hippocampus/MTL plays a critical role in attention and perception via relational representations. We compared human participants with MTL damage to healthy age- and education-matched individuals on attention tasks that varied in relational processing demands. On each trial, participants viewed two images (rooms with paintings). On “similar room” trials, they judged whether the rooms had the same spatial layout from a different perspective. On “similar art” trials, they judged whether the paintings could have been painted by the same artist. On “identical” trials, participants simply had to detect identical paintings or rooms. MTL lesion patients were significantly and selectively impaired on the similar room task. This work provides further evidence that the hippocampus/MTL plays a ubiquitous role in cognition by virtue of its relational and spatial representations and highlights its important contributions to rapid perceptual processes that benefit from attention.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Stretched Exponential Function in Quantifying Long-Term Memory of Extreme Events Based on Artificial Data following Lévy Stable Distribution

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
HongGuang Sun ◽  
Lin Yuan ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Nicholas Privitera
Keyword(s):  
Exponential Distribution ◽  
Exponential Function ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Stable Distribution ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Stretched Exponential ◽  
Stretched Exponential Distribution

Extreme events, which are usually characterized by generalized extreme value (GEV) models, can exhibit long-term memory, whose impact needs to be quantified. It was known that extreme recurrence intervals can better characterize the significant influence of long-term memory than using the GEV model. Our statistical analyses based on time series datasets following the Lévy stable distribution confirm that the stretched exponential distribution can describe a wide spectrum of memory behavior transition from exponentially distributed intervals (without memory) to power-law distributed ones (with strong memory or fractal scaling property), extending the previous evaluation of the stretched exponential function using Gaussian/exponential distributed random data. Further deviation and discussion of a historical paradox (i.e., the residual waiting time tends to increase with an increasing elapsed time under long-term memory) are also provided, based on the theoretical analysis of the Bayesian law and the stretched exponential distribution.

scholarly journals Very Long-Term Outcome of Non-Surgically Treated Patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis: A Retrospective Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0159464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsugiko Kurita ◽  
Kotaro Sakurai ◽  
Youji Takeda ◽  
Toru Horinouchi ◽  
Ichiro Kusumi
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome

Long-Term Memory Performance in Adult ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Skodzik ◽  
Heinz Holling ◽  
Anya Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Tests ◽  
Memory Acquisition ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective: Memory problems are a frequently reported symptom in adult ADHD, and it is well-documented that adults with ADHD perform poorly on long-term memory tests. However, the cause of this effect is still controversial. The present meta-analysis examined underlying mechanisms that may lead to long-term memory impairments in adult ADHD. Method: We performed separate meta-analyses of measures of memory acquisition and long-term memory using both verbal and visual memory tests. In addition, the influence of potential moderator variables was examined. Results: Adults with ADHD performed significantly worse than controls on verbal but not on visual long-term memory and memory acquisition subtests. The long-term memory deficit was strongly statistically related to the memory acquisition deficit. In contrast, no retrieval problems were observable. Conclusion: Our results suggest that memory deficits in adult ADHD reflect a learning deficit induced at the stage of encoding. Implications for clinical and research settings are presented.

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