scholarly journals Orienting and avoidance turning are precisely computed by the predatory sea-slug Pleurobranchaea californica McFarland

2007 ◽  
Vol 210 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Yafremava ◽  
C. W. Anthony ◽  
L. Lane ◽  
J. K. Campbell ◽  
R. Gillette
Keyword(s):  
Sea Slug ◽  
Pleurobranchaea Californica

scholarly journals cAMP, Ca2+, pHi, and NO Regulate H-like Cation Channels That Underlie Feeding and Locomotion in the Predatory Sea Slug Pleurobranchaea californica

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1986-1993
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Green ◽  
Rong-Chi Huang ◽  
Leland Sudlow ◽  
Nathan Hatcher ◽  
Kurt Potgieter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Channels ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Pleurobranchaea Californica

scholarly journals Selective prey avoidance learning in the predatory sea slug Pleurobranchaea californica

2013 ◽  
Vol 216 (17) ◽  
pp. 3231-3236 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Noboa ◽  
R. Gillette
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Pleurobranchaea Californica

Central Pattern Generator for Escape Swimming in the Notaspid Sea Slug Pleurobranchaea californica

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 654-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jing ◽  
Rhanor Gillette
Keyword(s):  
Central Pattern Generator ◽  
Electrical Coupling ◽  
Reciprocal Inhibition ◽  
Pattern Generator ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Sea Slug ◽  
Pleurobranchaea Californica ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Persistent Firing ◽  
Dorsal Flexion

Central pattern generator for escape swimming in the notaspid sea slug Pleurobranchaea californica. Escape swimming in the notaspid opisthobranch Pleurobranchaea is an episode of alternating dorsal and ventral body flexions that overrides all other behaviors. We have explored the structure of the central pattern generator (CPG) in the cerebropleural ganglion as part of a study of neural network interactions underlying decision making in normal behavior. The CPG comprises at least eight bilaterally paired interneurons, each of which contributes and is phase-locked to the swim rhythm. Dorsal flexion is mediated by hemiganglion ensembles of four serotonin-immunoreactive neurons, the As1, As2, As3, and As4, and an electrically coupled pair, the A1 and A10 cells. When stimulated, A10 commands fictive swimming in the isolated CNS and actual swimming behavior in whole animals. As1–4 provide prolonged, neuromodulatory excitation enhancing dorsal flexion bursts and swim cycle number. Ventral flexion is mediated by the A3 cell and a ventral swim interneuron, IVS, the soma of which is yet unlocated. Initiation of a swim episode begins with persistent firing in A10, followed by recruitment of As1–4 and A1 into dorsal flexion. Recurrent excitation within the As1–4 ensemble and with A1/A10 may reinforce coactivity. Synchrony among swim interneuron partners and bilateral coordination is promoted by electrical coupling among the A1/A10 and As4 pairs, and among unilateral As2–4, and reciprocal chemical excitation between contralateral As1–4 groups. The switch from dorsal to ventral flexion coincides with delayed recruitment of A3, which is coupled electrically to A1, and with recurrent inhibition from A3/IVS to A1/A10. The alternating phase relation may be reinforced by reciprocal inhibition between As1–4 and IVS. Pleurobranchaea’s swim resembles that of the nudibranch Tritonia; we find that the CPGs are similar in many details, suggesting that the behavior and network are primitive characters derived from a common pleurobranchid ancestor.

TMKS8A, an antibacterial and cytotoxic chlorinated α-lapachone, from a sea slug-derived actinomycete of the genus Streptomyces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Mada Triandala Sibero ◽  
Akiho Kai ◽  
Keisuke Fukaya ◽  
Daisuke Urabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genus Streptomyces ◽  
Sea Slug

Control of feeding motor output by paracerebral neurons in brain of Pleurobranchaea californica

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 885-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gillette ◽  
M. P. Kovac ◽  
W. J. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Tactile Stimulation ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Buccal Ganglion ◽  
Pleurobranchaea Californica ◽  
Feeding Rhythm ◽  
Intracellular Stimulation ◽  
Motor Rhythm ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. A population of interneurons that control feeding behavior in the mollusk Pleurobranchaea has been analyzed by dye injection and intracellular stimulation/recording in whole animals and reduced preparations. The population consists of 12-16 somata distributed in two bilaterally symmetrical groups on the anterior edge of the cerebropleural ganglion (brain). On the basis of their position adjacent to the cerebral lobes, these cells have been named paracerebral neurons (PCNs). This study concerns pme subset pf [MCs. the large, phasic ones, which have the strongest effect on the feeding rhythm (21). 2. Each PCN sends a descending axon via the ipsilateral cerebrobuccal connective to the buccal ganglion. Axon branches have not been detected in other brain or buccal nerves and hence the PCNs appear to be interneurons. 3. In whole-animal preparations, tonic intracellular depolarization of the PNCs causes them to discharge cyclic bursts of action potentials interrupted by a characteristic hyperpolarization. In all specimens that exhibit feeding behavior, the interburst hyperpolarization is invariably accompanied by radula closure and the beginning of proboscis retraction (the "bite"). No other behavorial effect of PCN stimulation has been observed. 4. In whole-animal preparations, the PCNs are excited by food and tactile stimulation of the oral veil, rhinophores, and tentacles. When such stimuli induce feeding the PCNs discharge in the same bursting pattern seen during tonic PCN depolarization, with the cyclic interburst hyperpolarization phase locked to the bit. When specimens egest an unpalatable object by cyclic buccal movements, however, the PCNs are silent. The PCNs therefore exhibit properties expected of behaviorally specific "command" neurons for feeding. 5. Silencing one or two PCNs by hyperpolarization may weaken but does not prevent feeding induced by natural food stimuli. Single PCNs therefore can be sufficient but are not necessary to induction of feeding behavior. Instead the PCNs presumably operate as a population to control feeding. 6. In isolated nervous system preparations tonic extracellular stimulation of the stomatogastric nerve of the buccal ganglion elicits a cyclic motor rhythm that is similar in general features to the PNC-induced motor rhythm. Bursts of PCN action potentials intercalated at the normal phase position in this cycle intensify the buccal rhythm. Bursts of PCN impulses intercalated at abnormal phase positions reset the buccal rhythm. The PCNs, therefore, also exhibit properties expected of pattern-generator elements and/or coordinating neurons for the buccal rhythm. 7. The PCNs are recruited into activity when the buccal motor rhythm is elicited by stomatogastric nerve stimulation or stimulation of the reidentifiable ventral white cell. The functional synergy between the PCNs and the buccal rhythm is therefore reciprocal. 8...

scholarly journals Outbreak of a neurotoxic side-gilled sea slug (Pleurobranchaea sp.) in Argentinian coasts

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
NE Farias ◽  
S Obenat ◽  
AB Goya
Keyword(s):  
Sea Slug

Life & evolution: Stab in the head marks sea slug sex: Hermaphrodite uses thin organ for injections near the eyes

Science News ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 184 (12) ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
Susan Milius
Keyword(s):  
Sea Slug
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