scholarly journals Prevalences of inherited red blood cell disorders in pregnant women of different ethnicities living along the Thailand-Myanmar border

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germana Bancone ◽  
Mary Ellen Gilder ◽  
Nongnud Chowwiwat ◽  
Gornpan Gornsawun ◽  
Elsi Win ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Hemoglobin Variants ◽  
Thalassemia Trait

Background: Inherited red blood cell disorders are prevalent in populations living in malaria endemic areas; G6PD deficiency is associated with oxidant-induced hemolysis and abnormal hemoglobin variants may cause chronic anemia. In pregnant women, microcytic anemia caused by hemoglobinopathies mimics iron deficiency, complicating diagnosis and treatment. Anemia during pregnancy is associated with morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to characterize the prevalence of G6PD deficiency, hemoglobinopathies, ABO and Rhesus blood groups among the pregnant population living along the Thailand-Myanmar border. Pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in this area belong to several distinct ethnic groups. Methods: Data was available for 13,520 women attending antenatal care between July 2012 and September 2016. Screening for G6PD deficiency was done by fluorescent spot test routinely. G6PD genotyping and quantitative phenotyping by spectrophotometry were analyzed in a subsample of women. Hemoglobin variants were diagnosed by HPLC or capillary electrophoresis and molecular methods. Blood groups were diagnosed by agglutination test. The prevalence and distribution of inherited red blood cell disorders and blood groups was analyzed with respect to ethnicity. Results: G6PD deficiency was common, especially in the Sgaw Karen ethnic group, in whom the G6PD Mahidol variant allele frequency was 20.7%. Quantitative G6PD phenotyping showed that 60.5% of heterozygote women have an intermediate enzymatic activity between 30% and 70% of the population median. HbE, beta-thalassemia trait and alpha-thalassemia trait were found in 31.2% of women. Only 0.15% of women were Rhesus negative. Conclusions: Distribution of G6PD and hemoglobin variants varied among the different ethnic groups, but the prevalence was generally high throughout the cohort. These findings encourage the implementation of an extended program of information and genetic counseling to women of reproductive age and will help inform future studies and current clinical management of anemia in the pregnant population in this region.

scholarly journals Prevalences of inherited red blood cell disorders in pregnant women of different ethnicities living along the Thailand-Myanmar border

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Germana Bancone ◽  
Mary Ellen Gilder ◽  
Nongnud Chowwiwat ◽  
Gornpan Gornsawun ◽  
Elsi Win ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Globin Genes ◽  
Chronic Anaemia ◽  
Thalassaemia Trait ◽  
Alpha Globin

Background: Inherited red blood cell disorders are prevalent in populations living in malaria endemic areas; G6PD deficiency is associated with oxidant-induced haemolysis and abnormal haemoglobin variants may cause chronic anaemia. In pregnant women, microcytic anaemia caused by haemoglobinopathies mimics iron deficiency, complicating diagnosis and treatment. Anaemia during pregnancy is associated with morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to characterise the prevalence of G6PD deficiency and haemoglobinopathies  among the pregnant population living along the Thailand-Myanmar border. Pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in this area belong to several distinct ethnic groups. Methods: Data were available for 13,520 women attending antenatal care between July 2012 and September 2016. Screening for G6PD deficiency was done by fluorescent spot test routinely. G6PD genotyping and quantitative phenotyping by spectrophotometry were analysed in a subsample of women. Haemoglobin variants were diagnosed by HPLC or capillary electrophoresis and molecular methods. The prevalence and distribution of inherited red blood cell disorders was analysed with respect to ethnicity. Results: G6PD deficiency was common, especially in the Sgaw Karen ethnic group, in whom the G6PD Mahidol variant allele frequency was 20.7%. Quantitative G6PD phenotyping showed that 60.5% of heterozygous women had an intermediate enzymatic activity between 30% and 70% of the population median. HbE, beta-thalassaemia trait and Hb Constant Spring were found overall in 15.6% of women. Only 45.2% of women with low percentage of HbA2 were carriers of mutations on the alpha globin genes. Conclusions: Distribution of G6PD and haemoglobin variants varied among the different ethnic groups, but the prevalence was generally high throughout the cohort. These findings encourage the implementation of an extended program of information and genetic counselling to women of reproductive age and will help inform future studies and current clinical management of anaemia in the pregnant population in this region.

Hemoglobin levels and red blood cell indices in mid-gestational fetuses with beta-thalassemia/HbE, beta-thalassemia trait or Hb E trait and normal fetuses

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (13) ◽  
pp. 1238-1241
Author(s):  
Kasemsri Srisupundit ◽  
Chanane Wanapirak ◽  
Supatra Sirichotiyakul ◽  
Fuanglada Tongprasert ◽  
Suchaya Leuwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Hb E ◽  
Red Blood Cell Indices ◽  
Thalassemia Trait

scholarly journals A Retrospective Assessment of Prevention and Treatment of Iron Deficiency Amongst Patients Requiring Peripartum Transfusion

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1264-1264
Author(s):  
Heather Vandermeulen ◽  
Yulia Lin ◽  
Anne McLeod ◽  
Jon Barrett ◽  
Michelle Sholzberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Alpha Thalassemia ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Thalassemia Minor ◽  
Thalassemia Trait ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background: Iron deficiency is common and affects nearly 18% of pregnant women in the United States. This is attributable to both poor baseline stores in young women and the high iron requirements of pregnancy; a singleton pregnancy results in a net loss of 630 mg of iron. Both maternal and fetal outcomes are impacted by iron deficiency. There are higher rates of maternal postpartum depression, fetal growth restriction, prematurity and developmental delay when mothers are iron deficient in pregnancy. It is also important to avoid transfusions in women of child bearing age, due to the risks of alloimmunization and hemolytic disease of the newborn. Since iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in pregnant women, we sought to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency in women receiving peripartum red blood cell transfusions. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective quality review of all cases of peripartum transfusion at an academic centre caring for high risk pregnancies from January 2013 to July 2018. All women admitted to the Labor and Delivery ward who received a red blood cell transfusion were identified through electronic blood bank database. We also identified the next age-matched woman to deliver who was not transfused. Charts were reviewed for risk factors for iron deficiency, evidence of prior iron deficiency, iron supplementation during pregnancy and fetal outcomes such as birth weight, gestational age at delivery, NICU admission and fetal mortality. A detailed transfusion history was recorded for women who received peripartum transfusions, including peritransfusion hemoglobins and indication for transfusion. Results: To date, 120 cases of peripartum red blood cell transfusion have been reviewed. Of these, 19 patients were excluded due to chronic anemia unrelated to iron deficiency or pregnancy (e.g., chronic renal failure). Age matched controls have been identified and are pending review. Preliminary data suggests that the majority of red cell transfusions given in the peripartum period are to women experiencing antepartum (26%) and/or postpartum (63%) hemorrhage. Thirty seven percent of women who were transfused had documented anemia in pregnancy and 51% of women were iron deficient in pregnancy (ferritin <30 ng/mL). Twenty one percent of women in the transfused group were noted to have pre-existing iron deficiency before conceiving. In the transfused cohort, six patients were identified as having alpha thalassemia trait (3 cases) or beta thalassemia minor (3 cases). Discussion: We present the preliminary results of a retrospective review of cases of peripartum red cell transfusion at an academic centre. Although a significant portion of transfusions were unavoidable and attributable to hemorrhage, it may be possible to decrease the number of units these women require. Over half of women who were transfused had documented iron deficiency in pregnancy. This raises the question of how many units of red blood cells could have been saved by appropriately treating these patients' iron deficiency. It is also clear in the literature that iron deficiency is associated with multiple poor fetal and maternal outcomes; we have identified an opportunity to improve the care of these women and their babies. We plan to feed this information back to the Obstetrical caregivers at our centre and to help educate providers about the recognition and treatment of iron deficiency in pregnancy. The high rate of transfusion amongst patients with alpha thalassemia trait and beta thalassemia minor warrants further investigation, but may highlight a knowledge gap around transfusion triggers for these patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC EFFICACY OF RED BLOOD CELL INDICES IN DIAGNOSIS OF BETA THALASSEMIA TRAIT TAKING HAEMOGLOBIN ELECTROPHORESIS AS GOLD STANDARD

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1006-10
Author(s):  
Sahar Rabbani ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Samina Naeem ◽  
Nasir Uddin ◽  
Muhammad Abdul Naeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Red Cell Distribution Width ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Mean Cell Volume ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Thalassemia Trait

Objective: To determine the diagnostic efficacy of haematological indices for the diagnosis of beta thalassemia trait taking haemoglobin electrophoresis as a gold standard. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Haematology Combined Military Hospital Lahore, from Aug to Dec 2019. Methodology: Two hundred and six anaemic patients 20-70 years of age of both genders were included in the study. Blood was collected from all the patients and complete blood count were generated through automated haematology analyser Sysmex KX-21. Based on the complete blood count parameters like mean cell volume, red blood cell count, red cell distribution width and mean cell haemoglobinthe haematological indices such as Mentzer, Ricerca, mean density of Hb/litre of blood, mean cell Hb density and red cell distributon width indices were calculated. The haemoglobin A2 band of >3.5% on haemoglobin electrophoresis was taken as cut off for Beta thalassemia trait. Results: Out of the 206 blood samples analysed, 120 (58%) were labelled as Beta thalassemia trait after Hb electrophoresis and 86 cases had anemia due to other causes. Mentzer index established the highest sensitivity of 92.5% whereas RICERCA index established the highest specificity of 94.1%. Mentzer and red cell distribution width indexhad highest diagnostic efficacy value up to 90.3%. Conclusion: We conclude that Mentzer and red cell distribution width index showed the highest diagnostic significance. The Mentzer index has the highest sensitivity whereas Ricerca index has the highest specificity. The red blood cell count, haemoglobin and mean cell volume.............

Prevalence of Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization Among Beta-Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Anemia Patients: a Study from Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (10/2021) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raed Felimban ◽  
Ahmed Alsharyufi ◽  
Jasem Aljehani ◽  
Ahmed Sahlool ◽  
Hamead Aljabri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Beta Thalassemia

scholarly journals Red Blood-Cell Antigens in Some Lower Vertebrates

1956 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-255
Author(s):  
DOREEN E. ASHHURST
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Lower Vertebrates ◽  
Tree Frogs

1. It was not possible to find evidence for blood groups in frogs (one species) or in fish (three species). 2. Frogs could not be induced to make antibodies after injection with red cells from another frog. 3. Frogs, toads and tree frogs have a B antigen; newts probably have not.

scholarly journals Red blood cell alloimmunisation and autoimmunisation in transfusion dependent beta thalassemics from Southern India

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 004-008
Author(s):  
Mohammed Saleem E. K. ◽  
Soundarya Mahalingam ◽  
Shamee Shastri ◽  
Kamalakshi G. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Antibody Screening ◽  
Cell Antigen ◽  
Low Ionic Strength ◽  
Male To Female

AbstractThe development of red blood cell (RBC) isoimmunization with alloantibodies and autoantibodies complicate transfusion therapy in multiply transfused thalassemia patients. We conducted a study to analyse the frequency in our population. Clinical and antibody profile from 55 multiply transfused thalassemic patients who were receiving transfusions were collected and analyzed prospectively. A commercially available 3 cell antigen panel was used for the antibody screening procedure. If antibody screening with the 3-cell antigen panel was positive, an extended 11-cell antigen panel was used for antibody identification in LISS (Low Ionic Strength Solution). All patients received blood matched for only ABO and Rh (D) antigens. A total of 55 transfusion dependent â thalassemics were included in this study out of which 30 (54.55%) were males and 25(45.45%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.2: 1. Frequency of red cell alloimmunization in this study was found to be 1.8%. None of the patients developed red cell autoimmunization. The alloantibody identified in the the patient who developed alloimmunisation was was anti-K. In conclusion, the transfusion of matched blood is essential for chronically transfused beta thalassemia patients in order to avoid alloimmunization.

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