الجوانب القانونية لتلوث البيئة البحرية بواسطة مياه اتزان السفن ورواسبها = Legal Aspects of Marine Pollution by Ship's Ballast Water and Sediments

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 729-739
Author(s):  
وليد غسان عبد الله
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Ship’S Ballast Water

Legal aspects of marine pollution from ships

2018 ◽  
pp. 295-334
Author(s):  
Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi
Keyword(s):  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Legal Aspects

Numerical Simulation of Sloshing of Water in Ship Tanks During Sequential Ballast Water Exchange in Seaways

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Arai ◽  
Humberto S. Makiyama ◽  
Liang-Yee Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Ballast Water ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Ballast Tank ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Merchant Ship ◽  
Ballast Tanks

In recent years, ballast water has been blamed for a variety of marine pollution problems, particularly for transporting harmful aquatic organisms from one part of the world to another and damaging the ecosystem of the new areas. A relatively simple mechanism to control this problem is to exchange ballast water on the high seas between ports in order to remove invasive species before the ship reaches its destination. However, some issues regarding ballast exchange on the open sea need to be addressed before this operation is introduced. One of them is the sloshing of the sea water in the ballast tank. In this paper, ballast water exchange on the open sea by means of the Sequential exchange method is simulated. Irregular seaways are generated from the ISSC spectrum, and the sloshing response of the water in the ballast tanks of a large merchant ship is numerically computed by using a finite difference code developed by the authors. The results showed that there is little possibility that severe sloshing presents a serious problem in regard to the ballast tank’s strength, especially in the case of a bulk carrier whose tanks are generally short in length, with sloshing anticipated only at the low water level.

Studies of the Effect of Hydroxyl Radicals on Photosynthesis Pigments of Phytoplankton in Ship's Ballast Water

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhitao Zhang ◽  
Mindong Bai ◽  
Xiyao Bai ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Mindi Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Hydroxyl Radicals ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Invasive Marine Species ◽  
Ship’S Ballast Water

AbstractA pilot-scale system of 20 t/h for the treatment of ship’s ballast water and the setup of dissolved hydroxyl radical was introduced in this paper. With this experimental system, the kill efficiencies of bacteria, mono-algae, protozoan reach 100% within 2.67 s when dissolved OH· concentration is 0.6 mg/L. At the same time, the effect of hydroxyl radicals on the photosynthesis pigments of phytoplankton was done. The results indicate that the contents of chlorophyl-a, chlorophyl-b, chlorophyl-c and carotenoid are decreased to 35 ~ 64% within 8.0 s further to the lowest limit of test after 5 min. When dissolved OH· ratio concentration is 0.68 mg/L, the attenuation efficiencies of photosynthesis pigment are 100%. Therefore the invasive marine species can be killed in the process of the inputting and discharge ship’s ballast water.

Ship Ballast Water Management in Turkish Ports and Waterways

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Tanzer Satir ◽  
Bhaskar Kura
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Marine Habitat ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Ship Ballast Water ◽  
Ballast Water Management

AbstractThe introduction of invasive marine species into a new environment by ballast water attached to ship hulls has been identified as one of the four greatest threats to the world’s oceans. The other three are land-based sources of marine pollution, overexploitation of living marine resources, and physical alteration/destruction of marine habitat. Ballast is any material used to add weight to balance an object. One example includes the sandbags carried on conventional hot air balloons, which can be discarded to lighten the balloon’s load, allowing it to ascend. Ballast water is water carried by ships to ensure stability, trim, and structural integrity. Shipping moves over 80% of the world’s commodities and transfers approximately 3‐5 billion tons of ballast water internationally each year. A similar volume may also be transferred domestically within countries and regions each year. Ballast water is absolutely essential to the safe and efficient operation of modern shipping, providing balance and stability to unladen ships. However, it may also pose a serious ecological, economical, and health threat to the marine environment.Turkey is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and southeastern Europe. Turkey is surrounded by three seas: the Mediterranean Sea, the Black Sea, and the Aegean Sea. The Turkish straits that separate Europe and Asia are one of the busiest waterways of the world. Turkey has several ports and berthing facilities. The number of ships coming to ports or passing through the straits has been increasing in the last decade. Half of these ships are carrying ballast water. Turkey has not ratified the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM) as yet but will soon prepare ballast water strategies. This paper discusses two different topics: ship ballast water management strategies and treatment technologies. The authors recommend the best strategies for prevention of ship ballast water pollution in the Turkish straits and ports.

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