scholarly journals The β-Conformation of Poly(S-[(3-hydroxypropyl)-carbamoylmethyl]-L-cysteine) in Aqueous Mixtures of D2O, Aliphatic Alcohols, and Acetic Acid

1980 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Tomiyama ◽  
Shoichi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aliphatic Alcohols ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures

Dielectric Relaxation of Formic Acid, Acetic Acid and their Mixtures with some Aliphatic Alcohols

1988 ◽  
Vol 158 (Part_2) ◽  
pp. 155-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Getta ◽  
M. Stockhausen ◽  
V. Wessels
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Dielectric Relaxation ◽  
Aliphatic Alcohols

scholarly journals Densities, viscosities, and thermal conductivities of the ionic liquid 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-enium acetate and its mixtures with water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Baird ◽  
Petri Uusi-Kyyny ◽  
Daniel Cederkrantz ◽  
Artur Dahlberg ◽  
Ville Alopaeus
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquid ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-enium acetate (mTBD acetate) is a protic ionic liquid that is being investigated for use in industrial processes, such as for producing textiles from cellulose. To aid in designing such processes, we have measured the densities, viscosities, and thermal conductivities of mTBD acetate and aqueous mixtures containing mTBD acetate. We also investigated how excess amounts of mTBD or acetic acid affect the density, and found that in general an excess of either component decreases the density. However, when no water is present, the sample with excess acetic acid actually has a slightly higher density than when there is an equimolar amount of acid and base. The maximum density occurs when some water is present (around 30-40 mol%). We also modeled the density data using the ePC-SAFT equation of state and provide simple correlations for calculating the viscosity and thermal conductivity of these mixtures.

The nitrous acid catalysed nitration of naphthalene. Evidence for a kinetic term that is second order with respect to the aromatic compound

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1677-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ramón Leis ◽  
M. Elena Pena ◽  
John H. Ridd
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Nitrous Acid ◽  
Order Term ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Rate Coefficients ◽  
Kinetic Term ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Electron Transfer Mechanism ◽  
First Order

The kinetic equation for the nitrous acid catalysed nitration of naphthalene in aqueous mixtures of sulphuric acid and acetic acid has at least two kinetic terms: one first order with respect to naphthalene and one second order with respect to naphthalene. The orders with respect to nitrous acid and nitric acid vary with the conditions in the way characteristic of the electron transfer mechanism of this reaction. The second-order term with respect to naphthalene is considered to derive from the formation of the dimeric radical cation (ArH)2+•. The acidity dependence of the rate coefficients and the absence of a normal isotope effect in the reaction of naphthalene-d8 are consistent with this interpretation. Keywords: naphthalene, nitration, nitrous acid.

Solubility of carbon monoxide in aqueous mixtures of methanol, acetic acid, ethanol and propionic acid

1985 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subodh B. Dake ◽  
Raghunath V. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures

scholarly journals Oxidation of tissue polysaccharides by periodic acid in dimethyl sulfoxide and its anhydrous and aqueous mixtures.

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
G I Malinin
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Selective Localization ◽  
Schiff Reaction ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Anhydrous Acetic Acid

Periodic acid (1% w/v) solvated by anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) readily induced a strong Schiff reaction in a variety of structures containing polysaccharides, but not glycogen. With the increasing amounts of water added to DMSO, glycogen was also oxidized, while the selective localization of other polysaccharides remained unimpaired. Periodate, solvated in the anhydrous acetic acid-DMSO mixture, rapidly induced concomitant oxidation of nucin and glycogen-containing structures. Sodium bisulfite addition derivatives of carbonyls, induced by periodate oxidation in DMSO, were stained meta- and orthochromatically with toluidine blue at controlled pH. Certain metachromatic tissue components were strongly birefringent in polarized light in contrast to the identical structures oxidized by aqueous periodate. Marked differences in staining reactions elicited in identical structures by periodate in DMSO as compared with aqueous periodate suggest that DMSO-periodate method considerably enhances the range of histochemical oxidations by periodate.

Studies of the dissociation of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol in aqueous mixtures of methanol and ethanol at 25 °C

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 3129-3132 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. De ◽  
A. K. Atta
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Dispersion Interaction ◽  
Organic Component ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Dispersion Interactions ◽  
The Difference

Thermodynamic dissociation constants (sK)m of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol have been determined at 25 °C in aqueous mixtures containing 30, 50, 70, and 90% by weight of methanol and 30, 50, 70, 90, and 95% by weight of ethanol by spectrophotometric method. Solvent effect on the dissociation of the acid: δ(ΔG0) = 2.303RT[p(sK)N − p(wK)N] shows an unusual behaviour, the value decreases and passes through a minimum and ultimately becomes positive as the proportion of organic component in the solvent is progressively increased. The results have been compared with those of other uncharged acids like acetic acid, benzoic acid available from literature. The difference of behaviour (minimum characteristic in δ(ΔG0) curve) has been attributed to very strong dispersion interaction of trinitrophenolate anion with the organic component of the solvent. The overall behaviour of this acid indicates that solvent effect is an involved process being guided by electrostatic and dispersion interactions besides relative solvent basicities.

scholarly journals Comparison of various column packing materials efficiency for hydrocarbons and aqueous mixtures

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Jiří Zbytovský ◽  
Tomáš Sommer ◽  
Martin Zapletal ◽  
Jiří Trejbal
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Distillation Columns ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Relative Separation ◽  
Column Packings

The efficiency of industrial column packings is commonly tested by standard hydrocarbon mixtures. However, a reduced efficiency value is often observed, particularly during distillation of aqueous mixtures. In this paper, distillation experiments with various binary mixtures were carried out on different column packings to evaluate relative separation efficiencies of mixtures for each packing material. Each of the binary mixtures, which comprised heptane–methylcyclohexane, ethanol–water, morpholine–water, and acetic acid–water, was distilled under atmospheric pressure and total reflux ratio on column packings that were made of PTFE, ceramic, zirconium metal, and inox steel 316. According to the results, aqueous solutions of morpholine and acetic acid generally exhibited low relative separation efficiency (in comparison with standard mixture of heptane–methylcyclohexane), ranging between 40 % and 80 %. The highest relative efficiencies were observed with packings made of steel and ceramic. These observations will be useful for the future design of distillation columns, especially for aqueous solutions.

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