Reconstruction fidelity from volume holograms of finite width and variable index modulation

A wavelength multiplexing procedure for color transmission volume holograms of diffusing objects recorded in Bayfol® HX200 photopolymer is proposed. For the recording, three lasers of 442 nm, 532 nm and 633 nm, and a Spectralon® diffusing object were used for monochromatic and polychromatic calibration. Monochromatic calibration shows that the maximum index modulation obtained for each wavelength was not enough to give 100% efficiency, although the efficiency values achieved in the case of monochromatic recordings with diffusing objects were high, at around 90% for 633 nm and 532 nm recordings, and 60% for 442 nm. The efficiency values obtained for multiplexed holograms were 19.1% for the 442 nm hologram, 25.9% for the 532 nm hologram and 15.2% for the 633 nm.

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Outage Performance of Multi-Carrier Relay Selections in Multi-Hop OFDM with Index Modulation

IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences ◽

10.1587/transfun.2019eal2127 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol E103.A (3) ◽

pp. 638-642

Author(s):

Pengli YANG ◽

Fuqi MU

Keyword(s):

Outage Performance ◽

Index Modulation

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Dispersion Characteristics of Multi-Step Open Slow-Wave Systems of Finite Width: Analysis

Telecommunications and Radio Engineering ◽

10.1615/telecomradeng.v51.i8.140 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 77-84

Author(s):

L. M. Buzik ◽

O. F. Pishko ◽

S.A. Churilova ◽

O. I. Sheremet

Keyword(s):

Slow Wave ◽

Finite Width ◽

Dispersion Characteristics

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Compressive Sensing Audio Watermarking dengan Metode LWT dan QIM

ELKOMIKA Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik Teknik Telekomunikasi & Teknik Elektronika ◽

10.26760/elkomika.v6i3.405 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 405

Author(s):

IRMA SAFITRI ◽

NUR IBRAHIM ◽

HERLAMBANG YOGASWARA

Keyword(s):

Wavelet Transform ◽

Compressive Sensing ◽

Audio Watermarking ◽

Quantization Index Modulation ◽

Computationally Efficient ◽

Black And White ◽

Additional Information ◽

Audio Files ◽

Index Modulation ◽

Mp3 Compression

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengembangkan teknik Compressive Sensing (CS) untuk audio watermarking dengan metode Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT) dan Quantization Index Modulation (QIM). LWT adalah salah satu teknik mendekomposisi sinyal menjadi 2 sub-band, yaitu sub-band low dan high. QIM adalah suatu metode yang efisien secara komputasi atau perhitungan watermarking dengan menggunakan informasi tambahan. Audio watermarking dilakukan menggunakan file audio dengan format *.wav berdurasi 10 detik dan menggunakan 4 genre musik, yaitu pop, classic, rock, dan metal. Watermark yang disisipkan berupa citra hitam putih dengan format *.bmp yang masing-masing berukuran 32x32 dan 64x64 pixel. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengukur nilai SNR, ODG, BER, dan PSNR. Audio yang telah disisipkan watermark, diuji ketahanannya dengan diberikan 7 macam serangan berupa LPF, BPF, HPF, MP3 compression, noise, dan echo. Penelitian ini memiliki hasil optimal dengan nilai SNR 85,32 dB, ODG -8,34x10-11, BER 0, dan PSNR ∞.Kata kunci: Audio watermarking, QIM, LWT, Compressive Sensing. ABSTRACTThis research developed Compressive Sensing (CS) technique for audio watermarking using Wavelet Transform (LWT) and Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) methods. LWT is one technique to decompose the signal into 2 sub-bands, namely sub-band low and high. QIM is a computationally efficient method or watermarking calculation using additional information. Audio watermarking was done using audio files with *.wav format duration of 10 seconds and used 4 genres of music, namely pop, classic, rock, and metal. Watermark was inserted in the form of black and white image with *.bmp format each measuring 32x32 and 64x64 pixels. The test was done by measuring the value of SNR, ODG, BER, and PSNR. Audio that had been inserted watermark was tested its durability with given 7 kinds of attacks such as LPF, BPF, HPF, MP3 Compression, Noise, and Echo. This research had optimal result with SNR value of 85.32 dB, ODG value of -8.34x10-11, BER value of 0, and PSNR value of ∞.Keywords: Audio watermarking, QIM, LWT, Compressive Sensing.

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The Variation of the Plasma Sheet Polytropic Index Along the Midnight Meridian in a Finite Width Magnetotail

10.21236/ada225948 ◽

1990 ◽

Author(s):

H. E. Spence ◽

M. G. Kivelson

Keyword(s):

Plasma Sheet ◽

Polytropic Index ◽

Finite Width

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Optical Image Correlation Using Wavelength Multiplexed Volume Holograms.

10.21236/ada323637 ◽

1997 ◽

Author(s):

Koichi Sayano ◽

Feng Zhao

Keyword(s):

Optical Image ◽

Image Correlation ◽

Volume Holograms

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Quantum Tunneling

10.1093/oso/9780198808275.003.0014 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Frank S. Levin

Keyword(s):

Quantum Tunneling ◽

Alpha Particles ◽

Attractive Potential ◽

Scanning Tunneling ◽

Finite Width ◽

Potential Well ◽

Surface Molecules ◽

Repulsive Coulomb ◽

The Subject ◽

The One

Quantum tunneling, wherein a quanject has a non-zero probability of tunneling into and then exiting a barrier of finite width and height, is the subject of Chapter 13. The description for the one-dimensional case is extended to the barrier being inverted, which forms an attractive potential well. The first application of this analysis is to the emission of alpha particles from the decay of radioactive nuclei, where the alpha-nucleus attraction is modeled by a potential well and the barrier is the repulsive Coulomb potential. Excellent results are obtained. Ditto for the similar analysis of proton burning in stars and yet a different analysis that explains tunneling through a Josephson junction, the connector between two superconductors. The final application is to the scanning tunneling microscope, a device that allows the microscopic surfaces of solids to be mapped via electrons from the surface molecules tunneling into the tip of the STM probe.

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